单线隧道预制装配式衬砌结构选型及接头参数敏感性分析

预制装配式衬砌结构因施工速度快、质量高、易于维修等优点近年来在隧道工程领域备受关注。采用荷载-结构模型分析了不同围岩条件下整体衬砌内力特征。将衬砌结构分为8部分预制,采用有限元软件对预制结构进行了安全性验算,分析了不同接头刚度条件下接头处受力和变形。计算结果表明:隧道整体衬砌在Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ级围岩条件下轴力、弯矩、横向位移、竖向位移最大值分别为1192 kN,480 kN·m,13.9 mm,4.9 mm;预制装配式衬砌较整体衬砌在Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ级围岩条件下最大横向位移分别增加1.6%,2.4%和1.0%,最大竖向位移分别增加1.3%,1.3%和2.4%,最大轴力分别减小0.02%,0.01%和0.06%,最大弯矩分别增加0.20%,0.11%,0.15%。综合考虑受力稳定与变形限制,衬砌接头刚度应不小于230 MN·m/rad。

含中心裂纹低匹配对接接头形状参数对形状因子的影响

基于有限单元法针对含中心裂纹的低匹配对接接头形状设计,以最大限度提高接头的抗断能力为目标,从断裂力学角度出发,考察了含中心裂纹的低匹配对接接头的焊缝余高高度、盖面焊道宽度、焊趾过渡圆弧半径等形状参数对其形状因子的影响.结果表明,焊缝余高高度对含中心裂纹的低匹配对接接头形状因子影响最为显著,盖面焊道宽度的影响次之,焊趾过渡圆弧半径的影响最小.选择合适的形状参数可以提高含中心裂纹低匹配对接接头的抗断能力.

低匹配对接接头形状参数对三点弯曲应力集中系数的影响

弹性阶段以提高低匹配接头弯曲承载能力为目标,基于有限单元法针对X形坡口低匹配对接接头三点弯曲形状设计,从材料力学方法角度出发,考察了双侧余高对称时低匹配对接接头的焊缝余高、盖面焊道宽度、焊趾过渡圆弧半径等形状参数对三个危险区弯曲应力集中系数的影响.结果表明,对母材与焊缝交界处突变区与焊缝底部中心区的影响规律为焊缝余高影响最大,盖面焊道宽度影响次之,焊趾圆弧半径影响最小;对焊趾部位影响规律为盖面焊道宽度的影响较大,焊趾圆弧半径和焊缝余高影响均较小.选择合适的形状参数可以提高低匹配接头弯曲承载能力.

考虑接头几何参数的I-core全钢三明治板的刚度分析

激光焊接I-core三明治板常用的刚度设计公式,没有考虑接头几何参数的影响,在实际应用中其准确性受到影响.通过外伸三点弯曲试验,对六种接头几何参数的I-core全钢三明治板的弯曲刚度和剪切刚度进行测量,并结合有限元计算,分析了接头几何参数对弯曲刚度和剪切刚度的影响.结果表明,增加焊缝宽度可显著提高弯曲刚度和剪切刚度,而焊缝宽度大于60%芯板厚度后,焊缝宽度对刚度的影响减小.间隙对刚度的影响可忽略.基于此结果,对三明治板设计时常用的刚度公式进行了修正.

焊缝含Ⅰ型单边裂纹低匹配平余高对接接头形状参数对形状因子的影响

基于有限单元法针对焊缝含Ⅰ型单边裂纹的低匹配平余高对接接头形状设计,以最大限度提高接头的承载能力以及更准确地对其进行安全评定为目标,从断裂力学角度出发,考察了焊缝含Ⅰ型单边裂纹的低匹配平余高对接接头各形状参数,即焊缝余高高度、余高宽度和焊趾圆弧过渡半径,对其形状因子的影响.结果表明,焊缝余高高度对焊缝含Ⅰ型单边裂纹的低匹配平余高对接接头形状因子影响最为显著,余高宽度和焊趾圆弧过渡半径的影响较小.采用传统的不考虑余高高度时的形状因子指导焊缝含Ⅰ型单边裂纹低匹配平余高对接接头的形状设计是不合理的.选择合适的形状参数可以提高焊缝含Ⅰ型单边裂纹低匹配平余高对接接头的承载能力.

一种大直径反井钻杆接头螺纹参数的优化研究

采用有限元分析和正交试验相结合的方法对反井钻井用大直径钻杆的接头螺纹参数进行了优化研究。研究结果表明,外螺纹小端大径、锥度、牙侧角和锥部长度等参数对接头螺纹强度有显著影响,得到了各参数作用的主次顺序和不考虑交互作用条件下各参数的最优值。

换热器焊接接头技术参数选取及焊接工艺的探讨

本文针对印染设备中的某一换热器筒体、封头与管板连接接头特殊结构及恶劣的工艺环境,结合制造监督检验中发现的问题,对该类接头参数的选取及焊接工艺进行了研究,并提出具体解决方案。

几何参数对2219铝合金拉拔式摩擦塞补焊接头微观组织及力学性能的影响

拉拔式摩擦塞补焊是火箭贮箱制造过程的重要技术之一。研究8 mm厚2219-T87铝合金拉拔式摩擦塞补焊接头的几何形状及其对接头微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:塞孔及成形环几何形状对接头界面结合质量有重要影响。当焊接工艺参数为7000 r·min^(-1)主轴转速,35 kN轴向拉力以及16 mm轴向进给量时,使用锥直孔塞孔可有效防止塞棒在焊接过程中发生颈缩,从而消除接头未焊合缺陷;使用阶梯孔形成形环可以改善接头界面受力状态,防止弱结合缺陷产生。微观组织分析表明,毗邻结合界面的母材侧组织发生动态再结晶,热机械影响区组织发生明显塑性变形。接头附近组织受焊接热循环和塞棒旋转挤压作用发生明显软化,硬度最低值出现在热机械影响区,约为90HV。当接头存在焊接缺陷时,接头抗拉强度及伸长率较母材大幅降低,而无缺陷焊接接头的抗拉强度及伸长率分别为360.1 MPa和6.45%,接头系数为0.828,断裂方式为韧性断裂。

地连墙兼作水池壁板的接头质量控制参数及厚度优化研究

地下连续墙兼作永久性建筑既增加施工期安全性又具有很好的经济性,成为研究热点.针对白沙门污水处理厂采用的连续墙兼作永久性水池壁板的实际工程,采用弹塑性理论和三维数值模拟技术,以接头段拉应变为安全控制参数,对施工期和运营期的地连墙水平位移和接头变形规律进行了分析,提出采用接头等效弹性模量临界弱化系数ξ作为接头施工质量控制参数,并建立了地连墙设计厚度优化方法,获得本工程地连墙最优设计厚度800 mm.研究结果为实际工程的建设提供了参考,对地下连续墙厚度优化研究具有重要的指导意义.

浅谈含I型裂纹对焊接接头形状因子的影响

为提高含缺陷对接接头的承载能力和准确的评定其安全性，对焊缝含I型中心裂纹和I型单边裂纹的对接接头，采用数值模拟方法，基于断裂力学原理，研究了焊缝余高高度和盖面焊道宽度对焊缝含I型中心裂纹和I型单边裂纹对接接头形状因子的影响。结果表明，焊缝余高高度对焊缝含I型中心裂纹和I型单边裂纹对接接头形状因子影响最为显著，盖面焊道宽度的影响次之。焊缝合I型中心裂纹和I型单边裂纹对接接头设计时，采用传统的不考虑余高形状影响时的形状因子表达式计算是不合理的。选择合适的焊缝余高高度和盖面焊道宽度可以提高焊缝含I型中心裂纹和I型单边裂纹对接接头的承栽能力。

RFRS10型转杯纺纱机纺纱工艺配置

简要介绍了RFRS10型转杯纺纱机的特点,对纺杯速度、分梳辊速度、捻度设计、熟条定量及张力牵伸等主要工艺参数的配置进行了分析,介绍了半自动接头参数的合理配置与调整方法。

立达半自动转杯纺纱生产线的使用体会

探讨立达半自动转杯纺纱生产线的性能特点和应用效果。通过优选原料、工艺优化和采取必要的技术措施,使R 19.7 tex转杯纱全流程实现了高速、高效生产,较好地满足了粘胶转杯针织纱的质量要求。认为:立达转杯纺系统具有高效、高产、高质量的特点。应结合实际,加强设备管理,改进相关设备设计转杯纺及备件质量,以使该系统在提高转杯纺产质量水平方面发挥更大的作用。

Influences of diffusion bonding process parameters on bond characteristics of Mg-Cu dissimilar joints

In many circumstances,dissimilar metals have to be bonded together and the resulting joint interfaces must typically sustain mechanical and/or electrical forces without failure,which is not possible by fusion welding processes.The melting points of magnesium(Mg)and copper(Cu)have a significant difference(nearly 400℃)and this may lead to a large difference in the microstructure and joint performance of Mg-Cu joints.However,diffusion bonding can be used to join these alloys without much difficulty.This work analyses the effect of parameters on diffusion layer thickness,hardness and strength of magnesium-copper dissimilar joints.The experiments were conducted using three-factor,five-level,central composite rotatable design matrix.Empirical relationships were developed to predict diffusion layer thickness,hardness and strength using response surface methodology.It is found that bonding temperature has predominant effect on bond characteristics.Joints fabricated at a bonding temperature of 450℃, bonding pressure of 12 MPa and bonding time of 30 min exhibited maximum shear strength and bonding strength of 66 and 81 MPa, respectively.

Morphological parameters of both surfaces of coupled joint

Twenty one joints were made with Brazilian tests and each surface was scanned by the Talysurf CLI 2000. Morphological characteristics of joint surface were quantified by statistical and textural parameters. By the contrast of these parameters between both sides of each coupled joint, the following conclusions are drawn. The upper and lower surfaces of coupled joints have approximately equal values of Sp（maximum height of joint surface）, Sa（arithmetic mean height of joint surface） and Sq（root mean square height of joint surface）, but the Ssk（skewness of the height distribution of joint surface） values of the two surfaces of a coupled joint are different, one is positive while the other is negative. The Saj（auto-correlation length） parameter values of both surfaces of each coupled joint are quite close, and the S^（texture aspect ratio） values have the same situation to the Sal parameter, but the same parameters of different surfaces have big differences which illustrates its own characteristics of each joint. The two surfaces of each coupled joint have similar values of θp （mean profile angle） which can be used to deduce the value of θp each other.

Influence of local geometric parameters on fatigue performance of orthotropic steel deck

Fatigue has become critical issue for bridge with orthotropic steel deck.Number of stress cycle and equivalent stress amplitude were adopted as two investigated fatigue effects.As presented from fatigue monitoring comparison of two series-lined bridges,three local geometric parameters of steel box girder have significant influence on fatigue performance of two welded joints.They are thickness of longitudinal ribs(Tr),longitudinal spacing of transverse floor plate(Sc)and longitudinal truss(LT).Fatigue analytical models were created for parametric study of fatigue effects under wheel load.Consequently,three local parameters have exhibited insignificant influence on number of stress cycle.Compared with Tr and Sc,configuration of LT has brought about foremost effect on the equivalent stress amplitude.For equivalent stress amplitude of rib-to-deck and rib-to-rib welded joints,the influence regions of LT are respectively longitudinal strap and quadrate with the geometric length of 600 mm.Enough attention ought to be paid for local stiffen structure on fatigue performance of orthotropic steel deck in fatigue design and monitoring.

Numerical Study on Die Design Parameters of Self-Pierce Riveting Process Based on Orthogonal Test

The concave die design of self-pierce riveting(SPR) is of critical importance for product quality. The optimization of concave die parameters based on orthogonal test is proposed to explore the relationship between self-pierce riveted joint quality and die parameters. There are nine independent die parameter factors in orthogonal test and each factor has 4 levels. In order to evaluate the interlock and neck thickness, we carry out numerical simulations by the software DEFORM-2D. Then, the primary and secondary factors that affect the joint quality have been found out by means of range analysis. Finally, an optimization scheme is brought forward to design concave die in SPR process, which indicates that the joint has higher quality than that of former orthogonal tests.This work can be extended by a detailed mechanical and fatigue analysis for the joint quality of SPR process.

Adhesive bonding of composite aircraft structures:Challenges and recent developments

In this review paper,the challenges and some recent developments of adhesive bonding technology in composite aircraft structures are discussed.The durability of bonded joints is defined and presented for parameters that may influence bonding quality.Presented is also,a numerical design approach for composite joining profiles used to realize adhesive bonding.It is shown that environmental ageing and pre-bond contamination of bonding surfaces may degrade significantly fracture toughness of bonded joints.Moreover,it is obvious that additional research is needed in order to design joining profiles that will enable load transfer through shearing of the bondline.These findings,together with the limited capabilities of existing non-destructive testing techniques,can partially explain the confined use of adhesive bonding in primary composite aircraft structural parts.