Base on the framework of material flow analsis （MFA） proposed by Eurostat, this paper collected related data and conducted a regional MFA for the Chengyang Districgt in Qingdao. The indicators such as Direct Materia...Base on the framework of material flow analsis （MFA） proposed by Eurostat, this paper collected related data and conducted a regional MFA for the Chengyang Districgt in Qingdao. The indicators such as Direct Material Input（DMI）, Direct Material Consumption （DMC） and Exports are calculated or estimated for the period of year 1995 through 2004. Several derivable iudicators defining direct material productivity and material intenstiy are also evaluated and some valuable conclusions were drawn. DMI in absolute number increased from about 1645.9 kilotons in 1995to about 8052.5 kilotons in 2004. Imports contribute to about 47 to 69% of DMI, and the biggest component of imports is fossil fuel that approximatley accounts far 50% of imnports. DMI per capita of Chengyang District increased rapidly and reached 17. 4 tons in 2004. Compared with other five economies studied by WRI, material consumption intensity of Chengyang District is significantly lower than developed countries, which indicates that Chengyang District is still in a development stage The direct material productivity （actual GDP per DMI） increased 59.1% from 1995 to 2004 and has been higher than either of stadies in China, which indicates efficiency of resources utilization has improved obviously in Chengyang District. But there was significant increase in material input in the last decade, which shows that rapid increase of economy is highly dependent on requirement and consumption of natural resources. Therefore, in order to promote the sustainahility, it is essential to develop circular economy and improve utilization efficiency of resources.展开更多
Bioreactor operation requires continuous monitoring of fermentation parameters and real-time control over bioreactor devices. Remote monitoring and control of the bioreactor＇s computer via the Internet avoids the nec...Bioreactor operation requires continuous monitoring of fermentation parameters and real-time control over bioreactor devices. Remote monitoring and control of the bioreactor＇s computer via the Internet avoids the necessity of personnel being continually onsite during operation. A two liter Sartorius-stedim Biostat~ A Plus fermentation system was networked and interfaced with the commercial software from GoToMyPC to allow remote control of the fermentation system utilizing the internet. The fermentation vessel was equipped with hardware calibrated for monitoring and controlling culture parameters during experimentations. The uniform resource locator controlled night-vision web camera allowed continuous monitoring of the glass fermentation vessel during the day and at night. The main window screen of the laboratory computer can be securely accessed from any portable device （i.e. laptop） capable of establishing an Internet connection and executing the commercial software from GoToMyPC. The secured internet protocol address, provided by GoToMyPC, assures that the system can only be controlled by authorized users who have been given access to the account. This interface permits the remote control of the Biostat A Plus fermentation system and possibly other automated or potentially automated culturing systems at the convenience of the user（s）.展开更多
文摘Base on the framework of material flow analsis （MFA） proposed by Eurostat, this paper collected related data and conducted a regional MFA for the Chengyang Districgt in Qingdao. The indicators such as Direct Material Input（DMI）, Direct Material Consumption （DMC） and Exports are calculated or estimated for the period of year 1995 through 2004. Several derivable iudicators defining direct material productivity and material intenstiy are also evaluated and some valuable conclusions were drawn. DMI in absolute number increased from about 1645.9 kilotons in 1995to about 8052.5 kilotons in 2004. Imports contribute to about 47 to 69% of DMI, and the biggest component of imports is fossil fuel that approximatley accounts far 50% of imnports. DMI per capita of Chengyang District increased rapidly and reached 17. 4 tons in 2004. Compared with other five economies studied by WRI, material consumption intensity of Chengyang District is significantly lower than developed countries, which indicates that Chengyang District is still in a development stage The direct material productivity （actual GDP per DMI） increased 59.1% from 1995 to 2004 and has been higher than either of stadies in China, which indicates efficiency of resources utilization has improved obviously in Chengyang District. But there was significant increase in material input in the last decade, which shows that rapid increase of economy is highly dependent on requirement and consumption of natural resources. Therefore, in order to promote the sustainahility, it is essential to develop circular economy and improve utilization efficiency of resources.
文摘Bioreactor operation requires continuous monitoring of fermentation parameters and real-time control over bioreactor devices. Remote monitoring and control of the bioreactor＇s computer via the Internet avoids the necessity of personnel being continually onsite during operation. A two liter Sartorius-stedim Biostat~ A Plus fermentation system was networked and interfaced with the commercial software from GoToMyPC to allow remote control of the fermentation system utilizing the internet. The fermentation vessel was equipped with hardware calibrated for monitoring and controlling culture parameters during experimentations. The uniform resource locator controlled night-vision web camera allowed continuous monitoring of the glass fermentation vessel during the day and at night. The main window screen of the laboratory computer can be securely accessed from any portable device （i.e. laptop） capable of establishing an Internet connection and executing the commercial software from GoToMyPC. The secured internet protocol address, provided by GoToMyPC, assures that the system can only be controlled by authorized users who have been given access to the account. This interface permits the remote control of the Biostat A Plus fermentation system and possibly other automated or potentially automated culturing systems at the convenience of the user（s）.
