朝鲜族民间植物故事文化解读

通过对朝鲜族民间植物故事的研究，可以破解朝鲜民族植物崇拜的心灵秘密，找到这些民间植物崇拜故事所蕴含的深层文化心理结构模式。

预加载复合材料层合薄板低速冲击理论分析

为更真实地揭示飞机复合材料结构抗冲击性能,开展了面内预载荷作用下的复合材料层合薄板低速冲击行为研究。根据各向异性材料弹性力学和经典薄板理论,采用Sveklo接触律描述了冲击接触刚度和冲击变形,通过面内载荷引入预载荷因素,提出了弹性球体低速冲击预载荷复合材料层合薄板的理论分析模型;并探讨了面内预载荷状态及冲击速度对结构冲击动响应的影响规律。结果表明:面内预载荷对冲击力和冲击变形均有显著影响;面内压缩载荷降低了结构抗弯刚度,使横向抗冲击性能降低,而面内拉伸载荷反之;低速冲击过程中的接触区域面积很小,分布冲击力可简化为集中力处理。作为复合材料层合薄板低速冲击过程的重要影响因素,预载荷状态必须加以考虑。

县域教师培训机构培训者素质提升路径

从人类文化学视野来看,以接触律和传递律为主的人类获取知识信息的两种渠道是县域教师培训机构培训者素质提升路径划分的重要依据。以直接接触信息促进自身专业化提升的内源式提升路径和以通过他人影响力获取信息和专业能力的外源式提升路径是当前县域教师培训机构培训者素质提升的两条重要路径。

Research on stress distribution between wires of single thigh steel strand

A three-dimensional contact model of 1×7 steel strand was established. Contact point was searched by Splitting-pinball algorithm, and Augmented-Lagrangian algorithm was applied for analysis of contact loads. The exerted tensile loads to the model were analyzed using finite element method. After analyzing calculation results, the laws of steel wire stress distribution in axis direction and in its cross-section were found. Friction coefficients were set as 0.10, 0.11, and 0.12, respec- tively, to obtain the influence law of friction coefficient to steel wire stresses. Research result shows that friction coefficient has significant influence on the shear stress of steel wire. Analyzed the calculation results of steel strand with five different lay pitch multiples and got the influence law of lay pitch multiple to the stresses of steel wire in steel strand. The Von Misses stress of steel wire increases following with the increasing of lay pitches nmltiples, but the increment value is not very prominent. The shear stress of steel wire decreases following the increase of lay pitch multiple, and the changing amplitude is large when lay pitch multiple is small. Finally, carried out a steel strand tensile deformation test and the consistency of test results with the calculation results shows that the selected model is reasonable.

Numerical simulation of wheel wear evolution for heavy haul railway

The prediction of the wheel wear is a fundamental problem in heavy haul railway. A numerical methodology is introduced to simulate the wheel wear evolution of heavy haul freight car. The methodology includes the spatial coupling dynamics of vehicle and track, the three-dimensional rolling contact analysis of wheel-rail, the Specht's material wear model, and the strategy for reproducing the actual operation conditions of railway. The freight vehicle is treated as a full 3D rigid multi-body model. Every component is built detailedly and various contact interactions between parts are accurately simulated, taking into account the real clearances. The wheel-rail rolling contact calculation is carried out based on Hertz's theory and Kalker's FASTSIM algorithm. The track model is built based on field measurements. The material loss due to wear is evaluated according to the Specht's model in which the wear coefficient varies with the wear intensity. In order to exactly reproduce the actual operating conditions of railway,dynamic simulations are performed separately for all possible track conditions and running velocities in each iterative step.Dimensionless weight coefficients are introduced that determine the ratios of different cases and are obtained through site survey. For the wheel profile updating, an adaptive step strategy based on the wear depth is introduced, which can effectively improve the reliability and stability of numerical calculation. At last, the wear evolution laws are studied by the numerical model for different wheels of heavy haul freight vehicle running in curves. The results show that the wear of the front wheelset is more serious than that of the rear wheelset for one bogie, and the difference is more obvious for the outer wheels. The wear of the outer wheels is severer than that of the inner wheels. The wear of outer wheels mainly distributes near the flange and the root; while the wear of inner wheels mainly distributes around the nominal rolling circle. For the outer wheel of front wheelset of each bogie, the development of wear is gradually concentrated on the flange and the developing speed increases continually with the increase of traveled distance.

华北农村的巫觋风习与义和团运动

The sorcery practices of the Boxer Movement have long been misunderstood. The practice of "spirit possession" was an important and common feature of the movement. Sorcery was very common in the villages of North China and the Boxers easily coopted these practices. Sorcery had both spiritual and practical values which were used by the Boxers. They utilized sorcery to resist their enemies and to wage war. Their use of sorcery was bothwidespread and opportunistic.Sorcery was also a method to raise morale. Bot although it had a place in rural society, it was also looked down upon. Because of this, when the Boxers practiced sorcery, they always avoided using the term. Sorcery was a tool for resisting Western invasion and its appearance at that time represented both the failure of the "great tradition" and the replenishment of the "little tradition.

从汉字探析原始巫术思维

巫术在远古时代是人们生活的核心,汉字是先民以概念的形式和理性的认识对自然现象、社会现象的分析和概括。本文旨在通过"对鬼""﹑巫""﹑修""、姅"等相关汉字初形、语义场的分析,采用逻辑分析的方法,以考察原始巫术的源头发生,追踪其流变历史,探析其形式背后的规律。我们认为,巫术的实质是一种错误联系,"但公众巫术"在历史发展中起到了一定的积极作用,因此,对巫术应进行辩证的认识。

巫术三议

巫术,曾在十九世纪末二十世纪初,成为欧洲人类学、民族学和宗教学最主要的研究课题之一,取得了一定的成果。笔者仅就咒语与语言有灵信仰,巫术与宗教,以及巫术的作用这三个问题,谈谈自己不成熟的看法。

On the correction of the boundary deficiency in SPH for the frictional contact simulation

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)is a mesh-free method which is powerful for large deformation computation of soils.However,the algorithm for the simulation of frictional contact which is common in geotechnical engineering is still quite immature due to the boundary deficiency.In this study,the cause of boundary deficiency in the SPH simulation for frictional contact is analysed.Then,based on mathematical derivation,the method to correct boundary deficiency related to frictional contact is discussed theoretically,where the frictional contact algorithm is established by dividing the computational domain into several subdomains according to the existing contact boundaries and by using contact forces as bridges of these subdomains to fulfil problem solving,and the value of correction coefficient is obtained by comparing the SPH outcome of the contact particles with that calculated through Newton’s second law of motion.At the same time,from the perspective of numerical computation,an optimized value for the correction coefficient is proposed,and a thorough investigation is performed on the cubic spline kernel function and quintic spline kernel function,whose correction coefficients are found to be 2.0 and[2.0,2.16],respectively.Finally,numerical tests are carried out to verify the proposed method.The outcome of the study is helpful to providing theoretical support for the research of frictional contact simulation within the framework of SPH.