The most provocative aspect of this study is its original findings on the toxicity of diphenyl-pentenone(1,5-diphenyl-2-penten-1-one, DP) against the three kinds of aphids (Macrosiphum granarium Kirby, Lipaphis erysim...The most provocative aspect of this study is its original findings on the toxicity of diphenyl-pentenone(1,5-diphenyl-2-penten-1-one, DP) against the three kinds of aphids (Macrosiphum granarium Kirby, Lipaphis erysimi(kaltenbach), Schizaphis aurantiae(Fosc.)and the inhibitory effects of DP against detoxification enzyme system of the aphid (S aurantiae). The result of bioassay in the laboratory shows that the product has strong contact activity and very good antifeeding activity, with higher efficacy than anabasine and nicotine, two botanical aphidicides. The median lethal concentrations of the three products against the apterous adult (M granarium) are 175.85, 217.23 and 245.22 mg/L, respectively, at 24 h of pest treatment. DP is inferior to methomyl in contact assay but superior in antifeeding activity assay against the three aphides. DP has strong inhibitory effects on nonspecific esterases, carboxylesterase of aphid (S aurantiae), but it can not inhibit AchE. DP also has strong inhibitory effects on glutathione S-transferase of the aphid.展开更多
The effects of promoters K, Ba, Sm on the resistance to carbon-methanation and catalytic activity of ruthenium supported on active carbon (Ru/AC) for ammonia synthesis have been studied by means of TG-DTG (thermalgrav...The effects of promoters K, Ba, Sm on the resistance to carbon-methanation and catalytic activity of ruthenium supported on active carbon (Ru/AC) for ammonia synthesis have been studied by means of TG-DTG (thermalgravity-differential thermalgravity), temperature-programmed desorption, and activity test. Promoters Ba,K, and Sm increased the activity of Ru/AC catalysts for ammonia synthesis significantly. Much higher activity can be reached for Ru/AC catalyst with bi- or tri-promoters. Indeed, the triply promoted catalyst showed the highest activity, coupled to a surprisingly high resistance to methanation. The ability of resistance of promoter to methanation of Ru/AC catalyst is dependent on the adsorption intensity of hydrogen. The strong adsorption of hydrogen would enhance methanation and impact the adsorption of nitrogen, which results in the decrease of catalytic activity.展开更多
The catalytic pyrolyses of rayon have been studied respectively by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) when rayon was treated with phosphoric acid (PA), three ammonium phosphate salts and ammonium sulfate (AS). The air ...The catalytic pyrolyses of rayon have been studied respectively by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) when rayon was treated with phosphoric acid (PA), three ammonium phosphate salts and ammonium sulfate (AS). The air is favorable to the catalysis of dibasic ammonium phosphate (DAP), but not to those of ADP, PA, AP, and AS obviously. It is put forward that a peak’s shape character can be described with the ratio of height to half-height-width (H/W /2) of the peak on a differential thermo-gravimetric (DTG) curve. A flat cracking peak, presenting a more moderate dehydration reaction, has a smaller ratio and could lead to higher carbonization and activation yields. The experimental results prove this view. According to expectation, the order of catalysis is: DAP≥ADP>PA> APAS no catalyst.展开更多
To reveal the potential effect of surfactant on improving surface wettability of copper ore,the droplet spreading behavior of sulfuric acid solution contained surfactant was visualized using high-speed camera and an i...To reveal the potential effect of surfactant on improving surface wettability of copper ore,the droplet spreading behavior of sulfuric acid solution contained surfactant was visualized using high-speed camera and an image processing method,and the solid-liquid interaction was discussed in this study.The results show that liquid surface tension and ore surface roughness are the main factors affecting surface wettability.The effect of sulfuric acid solution concentration and surfactants on the surface wettability of ore is revealed via quantitative spreading area,spreading coefficient,and contact angle.The results of droplet spreading experiment show that the higher concentration of surfactant and sulfuric acid solution result in improving the wettability of ore,spreading coefficient,and decreasing contact angle.The“leaching reaction coefficient”and“surface activity coefficient”are introduced to modify the mathematical expression of the equilibrium contact angle.展开更多
The perovskite type rare earth iron complex (REIC) oxide La 1-x Ce xFeO 3 is designed and prepared as water gas shift catalyst. Activity evaluation and heat resisting test show that the perovskite type compounds La 1-...The perovskite type rare earth iron complex (REIC) oxide La 1-x Ce xFeO 3 is designed and prepared as water gas shift catalyst. Activity evaluation and heat resisting test show that the perovskite type compounds La 1-x Ce xFeO 3(·K) has a good thermal stability if x is less than or equal to 0.5 . But when x is greater than 0.5 , La 1-x Ce xFeO 3(·K) will turn out to be ceria and magnetite partially or completely at high temperature in the shift reaction atmosphere. In the case of x=0.5, the conversion of carbon monoxide is about 68% at 530 ℃. Potassium can greatly improve the low temperature activity, but slightly lower the high temperature activity, and has little impact on the thermal stability. La 0.5 Ce 0.5 FeO 3 (·K) is a promising chromium free high temperature shift catalyst.展开更多
The effect of different surfactants(n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide(OTABr),sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) and Tween 80) with different critical micelle concentrations(CMC) on the CO_2 absorption into aqueous ...The effect of different surfactants(n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide(OTABr),sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) and Tween 80) with different critical micelle concentrations(CMC) on the CO_2 absorption into aqueous solutions in a bubble column is analyzed in the present work.The presence of these surfactants increased the gas-liquid interfacial area,and decreased the liquid phase mass transfer coefficient,but with significant different extent.The results indicated that the CMC can be a key parameter affecting the mass transfer of CO_2 absorption into a dilute aqueous solution of a surfactant.Sardeing's model was used to fit the experimental data successfully by re-correlating the parameters.展开更多
In this study,a porous inorganic/organic(ZnO/PEIE,where PEIE is polyethylenimine ethoxylated)(P-ZnO)hybrid material has been developed and adopted in the inverted organic solar cells(OSCs).The P-ZnO serving as the ele...In this study,a porous inorganic/organic(ZnO/PEIE,where PEIE is polyethylenimine ethoxylated)(P-ZnO)hybrid material has been developed and adopted in the inverted organic solar cells(OSCs).The P-ZnO serving as the electron transport layer(ETL)not only presents an ameliorative work function,but also forms the cratered surface with increased ohmic contact area,revealing suppressed charge recombination and enhanced charge extraction in devices.Particularly,P-ZnO-based OSCs show improved light trapping in the active layer compared with ZnO-based ones.The universality of P-ZnO serving as ETL for efficient OSCs is verified on three photovoltaic systems of PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2 F,PM6/Y6,and PTB7-Th/PC_(71)BM.The enhancements of 8%in power conversion efficiency(PCE)can be achieved in the state-of-the-art OSCs based on PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2F,PM6/Y6,and PTB7-Th/PC_(71)BM,delivering PCEs of 14.78%,16.57%,and 9.85%,respectively.Furthermore,a promising PCE of14.13%under air-processed condition can be achieved for PZnO/PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2F-based OSC,which is among the highest efficiencies reported for air-processed OSCs in the literature.And the P-ZnO/PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2F-based device also presents superior long-term storage stability whether in nitrogen or ambient air-condition without encapsulation,which can maintain over 85%of its initial efficiency.Our results demonstrate the great potential of the porous hybrid PZnO as ETL for constructing high-performance and air-stable OSCs.展开更多
文摘The most provocative aspect of this study is its original findings on the toxicity of diphenyl-pentenone(1,5-diphenyl-2-penten-1-one, DP) against the three kinds of aphids (Macrosiphum granarium Kirby, Lipaphis erysimi(kaltenbach), Schizaphis aurantiae(Fosc.)and the inhibitory effects of DP against detoxification enzyme system of the aphid (S aurantiae). The result of bioassay in the laboratory shows that the product has strong contact activity and very good antifeeding activity, with higher efficacy than anabasine and nicotine, two botanical aphidicides. The median lethal concentrations of the three products against the apterous adult (M granarium) are 175.85, 217.23 and 245.22 mg/L, respectively, at 24 h of pest treatment. DP is inferior to methomyl in contact assay but superior in antifeeding activity assay against the three aphides. DP has strong inhibitory effects on nonspecific esterases, carboxylesterase of aphid (S aurantiae), but it can not inhibit AchE. DP also has strong inhibitory effects on glutathione S-transferase of the aphid.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. 299015), Chinese Education Ministry Foundation for Distinguished Youth Teacher Zhejiang "151" Foundation for Distinguished Youth Scientists.
文摘The effects of promoters K, Ba, Sm on the resistance to carbon-methanation and catalytic activity of ruthenium supported on active carbon (Ru/AC) for ammonia synthesis have been studied by means of TG-DTG (thermalgravity-differential thermalgravity), temperature-programmed desorption, and activity test. Promoters Ba,K, and Sm increased the activity of Ru/AC catalysts for ammonia synthesis significantly. Much higher activity can be reached for Ru/AC catalyst with bi- or tri-promoters. Indeed, the triply promoted catalyst showed the highest activity, coupled to a surprisingly high resistance to methanation. The ability of resistance of promoter to methanation of Ru/AC catalyst is dependent on the adsorption intensity of hydrogen. The strong adsorption of hydrogen would enhance methanation and impact the adsorption of nitrogen, which results in the decrease of catalytic activity.
文摘The catalytic pyrolyses of rayon have been studied respectively by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) when rayon was treated with phosphoric acid (PA), three ammonium phosphate salts and ammonium sulfate (AS). The air is favorable to the catalysis of dibasic ammonium phosphate (DAP), but not to those of ADP, PA, AP, and AS obviously. It is put forward that a peak’s shape character can be described with the ratio of height to half-height-width (H/W /2) of the peak on a differential thermo-gravimetric (DTG) curve. A flat cracking peak, presenting a more moderate dehydration reaction, has a smaller ratio and could lead to higher carbonization and activation yields. The experimental results prove this view. According to expectation, the order of catalysis is: DAP≥ADP>PA> APAS no catalyst.
基金Project(LJ2020JCL002)supported by Education Commission of Liaoning Province,ChinaProject(51604138)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘To reveal the potential effect of surfactant on improving surface wettability of copper ore,the droplet spreading behavior of sulfuric acid solution contained surfactant was visualized using high-speed camera and an image processing method,and the solid-liquid interaction was discussed in this study.The results show that liquid surface tension and ore surface roughness are the main factors affecting surface wettability.The effect of sulfuric acid solution concentration and surfactants on the surface wettability of ore is revealed via quantitative spreading area,spreading coefficient,and contact angle.The results of droplet spreading experiment show that the higher concentration of surfactant and sulfuric acid solution result in improving the wettability of ore,spreading coefficient,and decreasing contact angle.The“leaching reaction coefficient”and“surface activity coefficient”are introduced to modify the mathematical expression of the equilibrium contact angle.
文摘The perovskite type rare earth iron complex (REIC) oxide La 1-x Ce xFeO 3 is designed and prepared as water gas shift catalyst. Activity evaluation and heat resisting test show that the perovskite type compounds La 1-x Ce xFeO 3(·K) has a good thermal stability if x is less than or equal to 0.5 . But when x is greater than 0.5 , La 1-x Ce xFeO 3(·K) will turn out to be ceria and magnetite partially or completely at high temperature in the shift reaction atmosphere. In the case of x=0.5, the conversion of carbon monoxide is about 68% at 530 ℃. Potassium can greatly improve the low temperature activity, but slightly lower the high temperature activity, and has little impact on the thermal stability. La 0.5 Ce 0.5 FeO 3 (·K) is a promising chromium free high temperature shift catalyst.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20736005)
文摘The effect of different surfactants(n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide(OTABr),sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) and Tween 80) with different critical micelle concentrations(CMC) on the CO_2 absorption into aqueous solutions in a bubble column is analyzed in the present work.The presence of these surfactants increased the gas-liquid interfacial area,and decreased the liquid phase mass transfer coefficient,but with significant different extent.The results indicated that the CMC can be a key parameter affecting the mass transfer of CO_2 absorption into a dilute aqueous solution of a surfactant.Sardeing's model was used to fit the experimental data successfully by re-correlating the parameters.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905137)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20180496)。
文摘In this study,a porous inorganic/organic(ZnO/PEIE,where PEIE is polyethylenimine ethoxylated)(P-ZnO)hybrid material has been developed and adopted in the inverted organic solar cells(OSCs).The P-ZnO serving as the electron transport layer(ETL)not only presents an ameliorative work function,but also forms the cratered surface with increased ohmic contact area,revealing suppressed charge recombination and enhanced charge extraction in devices.Particularly,P-ZnO-based OSCs show improved light trapping in the active layer compared with ZnO-based ones.The universality of P-ZnO serving as ETL for efficient OSCs is verified on three photovoltaic systems of PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2 F,PM6/Y6,and PTB7-Th/PC_(71)BM.The enhancements of 8%in power conversion efficiency(PCE)can be achieved in the state-of-the-art OSCs based on PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2F,PM6/Y6,and PTB7-Th/PC_(71)BM,delivering PCEs of 14.78%,16.57%,and 9.85%,respectively.Furthermore,a promising PCE of14.13%under air-processed condition can be achieved for PZnO/PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2F-based OSC,which is among the highest efficiencies reported for air-processed OSCs in the literature.And the P-ZnO/PBDB-T/DTPPSe-2F-based device also presents superior long-term storage stability whether in nitrogen or ambient air-condition without encapsulation,which can maintain over 85%of its initial efficiency.Our results demonstrate the great potential of the porous hybrid PZnO as ETL for constructing high-performance and air-stable OSCs.
