SGY——MII型多窑控制木材干燥系统

SGY- MII型多窑控制木材干燥系统采用STD国际标准总线工业控制计算机,单色/彩色CRT屏幕显示,一机控制多窑,最多可同时控制六具窑。STD国际标准总线工业控制计算机,忠实不间断地采集干燥过程的各项参数,按照软件专家系统中的干燥基准对干燥过程进行控制。

Application of single neuron adaptive PID controller during the process of timber drying

The paper presents a method of using single neuron adaptive PID control for adjusting system or servo system to implement timber drying process control, which combines the thought of parameter adaptive PID control and the character of neural network on exactly describing nonlinear and uncertainty dynamic process organically. The method implements functions of adaptive and self-learning by adjusting weighting parameters. Adaptive neural network can make some output trail given hoping value to decouple in static state. The simulation result indicates the validity, veracity and robustness of the method used in the timber drying process

提高牛皮箱板纸质量的途径

方正林业造纸厂是利用本局林区“四剩”资源兴建的林纸结合的大中型企业，是国家林业投资公司成立后第一个批准开工的项目。本厂产品品种为挂面牛皮箱板纸，设计规模为３．４万ｔ／ａ。制浆车间有二条生产线：一条是采用立锅生产针叶硫酸盐木浆；另一条是引进国外连续蒸煮...

The Effect of pH Control on Acetone-Butanol—Ethanol Fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 with Xylose and D-Glucose and D-Xylose Mixture

D-Glucose, L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-xylose, and cellobiose are saccharification products of lignocellulose and important carbon sources for industrial fermentation. The fermentation efficiency with each of the five sugars and the mixture of the two most dominant sugars, D-glucose and D-xylose, was evaluated for acetone- butanol-ethanol （ABE） fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. The utilization efficacy of the five reducing sugars was in the order of D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-mannose, o-xylose and cellobiose, o-Xylose, the second most abundant component in lignocellulosic hydrolysate, was used in the fermentation either as sole carbon source or mixed with glucose. The results indicated that maintaining pH at 4.8, the optimal pH value for solventogenesis, could increase D-xylose consumption when it was the sole carbon source. Different media con- taining D-glucose and D-xylose at different ratios （1：2, 1：5, 1.5：1, 2：1 ） were then attempted for the ABE fermenta- tion. When pH was at 4.8 and xylose concentration was five times that of glucose, a 256.9% increase in xylose utilization and 263.7% increase in solvent production were obtained compared to those without pH control. These results demonstrate a possible approach combining optimized pH control and D-glucose and D-xylose ratio to increase the fermentation efficiency of lignocellulosic hydrolysate.

Biological and Chemical Control in Rot Root in Avocado by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands

＂Avocado sadness＂ caused by the Oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, is one of the main diseases affecting this fruit crop in Michoacan, M6xico, without having an efficient control strategy for that. In this research three Trichoderma isolates and Ridomil Gold 4E fungicide were tested in avocado trees infected with this pathogen using the growing and coloring vegetative flow growing. Results were analyzed with an experimental design completely random with four treatments and repetitions. Different responses were presented form avocado trees to each treatment. Trichoderma erinaceum Bissett, Kubicek ＆ Szackacs treatment was the best controlling disease in trees with grade II and III damage. Trichoderma aggressivum Samuels ＆ W. Gams controlled better in trees with grade III damage. At last, Trichoderma arundinaceum Zafari, Graef. and Samuels were the best controlling trees with the highest grade damage. Fungicide Ridomil Gold 4E controlled the disease in trees with the lowest grade damage （I and II）, their medias were similar to witness.

Sedimentary microtopography in sequence stratigraphic framework of Upper Ordovician and its control over penecontemporaneous karstification,No.I slope break,Tazhong,Tarim block

In order to reveal the relationship between the penecontemporaneous karstification and sedimentary microtopography in sequence stratigraphy,the sequence stratigraphic framework of Lianglitage formation in Upper Ordovician is studied according to the well drilling,logging,geophysical data,detailed observations of core and the paleontology.The Lianglitage formation belongs to the sequence Ⅳ of Ordovician.The second member of Lianglitage formation is prograde sedimentation in highstand systems tract,and is favorable for developing reef flat.The development scale and thickness of reef flat are controlled by the variation of secondary sea level.The types and characteristics of karst in the highstand systems tract show that the late highstand systems tract is dissolved and cemented by the meteoric fresh water and mixed water.Penecontemporaneous karstification is developed at the top of parasequence and high place of geomorphology.Atmospheric diagenetic lens is formed.The developing regulations and controlling factors of penecontemporaneous karstification can provide new clues to the prediction and exploration of favorable reservoir in this area.

The Ability of Combination of Trichoderma Harzianum and Trichoderma Asperellum Isolates in Controlling Fusarium Rot of Chickpea in Comparison with the Effects of Trichoderma Harzianum

In this investigation, the ability of biocontrol agents, Trichoderma harzianum and T. aperellum applied in combination and alone, which had been isolated from soil and root chickpea field were compared to control of Fusarium solani. These isolates had shown good control of Fusarium solani in in-vitro condition. Chickpea roots were treated with T. harzianum individually and in combination and planted in artificially infested soil with pathogen F. solani. Although all biocontrol agents applied individually reduced disease incidence, treatments as combination, except for T. harzianum （T-4） ＋ T. asperellum （T-6） showed more protective effect. Combination of T. harzianum （T-7） ＋ T. asperellum （T-5） isolate gave the best control （51.29%） at greenhouse condition.

研究牛顿第二定律的实验装置的改进

高中物理第一册(必修)课本中第86页(图3—4)中研究牛顿第二定律的实验装置,能很好地演示加速度与外力、质量的关系,但由于夹子一般力度不够,而小车运动得较快,关上夹子时。

Simultaneous quantification of eight active compounds in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum by HPLC-DAD

Sinopodophylli Fructus is the commonly used traditional Tibetan medicinal herb. In the present study, we established a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method to simultaneously determine three lignans and five flavonoid constituents, namely podophyllotoxin, desoxypodophyUotoxin, 4＇-demethyldesoxypodophyllotoxin, 8-prenylkaemferol, quercetin, kaempferol, 8,2＇-diprenylquercetin 3-methylether and 8-prenylquercetin, in Sinopodophylli Fructus. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C_18 analytical column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.05% phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. UV detection was set at 290 nm and 370 rim, and the column oven was set at 35℃. This method provided a good reproducibility, and its overall intra- and inter-day precision was less than 3% and 4%, respectively. The recovery of the method was 98.29%-101.60%, and a good linearity （R2≥0.9992） was obtained for all the analytes over a relatively wide range of concentration. A total of 17 samples ofS. hexandrum （12 fruits, 5 roots and rhizomes） were collected from different areas and then successfully quantified. The results indicated that the contents of eight compounds significantly varied （the sum content ranged from 16.90 to 55.68 mg/g）, and prenylated fiavonoids could be used as marker constituents in the identification and quality control of Sinopodophylli Fructus.

Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River Basin

Evapotranspiration(ET) and its controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in arid regions are the important scientific basis for the water resources managements of the lower reaches of the inland rivers of China. Nearly three years of continuous measurements of surface ET, soil water content at different depths and groundwater table over a typical Tamarix spp. stand and a typical Populus euphratica stand were conducted in the lower reach of the Tarim River. The ET seasonal trends in the growing season were controlled by plant phenology, and ET in non-growing season was weak. The diurnal variations of ET resulting from the comprehensive effects of all atmospheric factors were significantly related with reference ET. The spatial pattern of ET was determined by vegetation LAI, more vegetation coverage, more ET amount. Groundwater is the water source of surface ET, and the soil water in shallow layers hardly took part in the water exchange in the groundwatersoil-plant-air system. The temporal processes of ET over the Tamarix stand and the Populus stand were similar, but the water consumption of the well-grown Populus euphratica was higher than that of the well-grown Tamarix spp. Further analysis indicates that plant transpiration accounts for most of the surface ET, with soil evaporation weak and negligible; groundwater table is a crucial factor influencing ET over the desert riparian forests, groundwater influences the processes and amounts of ET by controlling the growth and spatial distribution of desert riparian forests; quantifying the water stress of desert riparian forests using groundwater table is more appropriate, rather than soil water content. Based on the understanding of ET and water movements in the groundwater-soil-plant-air system, a generalized framework expressing the water cycling and its key controlling mechanism in the lower reaches of the inland rivers of China is described, and a simple model to estimate water requirements of the desert riparian forests is presented.

Review on Wood Discoloration and its Control

This paper reviews the mechanisms, types, compositions, affecting factors, prevention and remediable treatments of wood discoloration, and especially puts forward the biological control against wood stain and wood induced coloration. The authors think the followings are important: 1) Developing the low poisonous ornon-toxic, high-efficient and multi-functional anti-stain chemicalsis still an important research direction to control wood discoloration. 2) It is still very necessary to remove wood stain and restore wood original color and commercial value. 3) The biological control has little environmental pollution and its cost is low. Researches on its theories and application should be strengthened. 4) Wood color can be induced and turned to be the needed through heat treatment or ultraviolet irradiation without coloring materials, i.e. induced coloration, is agood idea to modulatewood, bamboo or rattan cane color. It is becoming a new study field.