基于LCC的废弃CRT电视机污染控制成本分析

污染控制成本核算是我国废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理政策制定的重要参考,也是废弃电器电子产品处理基金制度持续改进的关键依据。基于生命周期成本分析方法,以废弃CRT电视机为研究对象,开展回收处理过程污染控制成本与回收处理总成本的核算。结果显示,废弃CRT电视机回收处理全过程的污染控制成本为3.03元,仅占回收处理总成本170.64元的1.78%。研究结果可望为促进我国处理基金补贴的优化调整提供科学依据。

污染控制成本监督机制研究

从污染控制成本的角度出发,研究了排污企业真实报告污染控制成本的激励机制。结果表明:在信息不对称情况下,政府部门不得不允许高成本排污企业的排污量向上扭曲,以实现资源配置效率与信息租金权衡的次优结果。

绿色管理经济初探——一种新的污染成本模型

当今社会,工业迅速发展,一方面推动了经济的发展,创造出丰富的物质财富,另一方面也使人类的生存环境日益恶化。保护环境,实行经济可持续发展是世界各国的共识。由此,绿色管理经济孕育而生。本文针对绿色管理经济中污染成本的计量提出几点建议,希望有一定的借鉴意义。

环境保护与经济激励

人类生存环境的污染问题日益严重,已经威胁到人类的生存。试图通过对环境保护的经济激励机制进行分析,以期找到减少污染、保护环境的方法和措施。经济激励机制是通过提高逃避控制成本,使生产者能够自行选择污染量,找到使控制污染成本最小的策略,从而使生产者为社会提供最优的污染控制水平。

Input-Output Analysis of the Impact of Environmental Regulation on Chinese Industries

In this paper, we attempted to calculate the impact of environmental regulation on the international competitiveness of China＇s industries. Calculations are based on the input-output model that incorporates pollution control costs. We took enterprises ＇pollution control costs as the substitute variable for environmental regulation and price changes to measure the impact on international competitiveness for all sectors. Our studies reported three findings. First, price rises caused by pollution control costs were not more than 4 per cent in the manufacturing and trade sectors in 2007. Second, although the charging rate on pollutant discharge has become increasingly higher since 2003, the resultant price rise is only around O. 5 per cent across all sectors. Third, the impact brought about by increasingly stronger environmental regulation is limited and the resultant price rise does not exceed 2 per cent. Thesefindings indicate that the impact of environmental regulation on China＇s trade sectors is affordable. Therefore, it is needless to worry that environmental regulation will weaken the international competitiveness of Chinese products.

我国确立可交易排污许可证法律制度的研究

可交易许可证制度，虽然和排污收税（费）制度一样是一种低成本高效率地减少环境污染的方法。但二者还是有一定区别的。许可证制度调整污染控制水平，即通过法律限制污染许可证的数量从而限制污染量，而收费制度调整污染控制成本，即通过法律征收污染税费从而确定污染的价格。