操控文心:一阶、二阶、N阶控制论如何影响文学艺术?

20世纪40—50年代间的梅西会议促进了跨学科交流,控制论思想借梅西会议广泛影响了社会科学与人文学科。雅各布森受控制论、信息论等思潮影响,重塑了语言学与诗学的关系,阿斯科特等控制论艺术家则融合了艺术与控制论的理念。从20世纪60年代开始,以冯·福斯特等为代表的学者提出二阶控制论,开始反思一阶控制论的局限,主张观察系统与被观察系统的区分,这些思想也影响了艺术观念与实践,介入到建筑与戏剧等艺术领域中。如今,海尔斯等后人类思想家试图借三阶、四阶控制论的提法,重构计算时代的文学艺术话语,不过,随着人工智能等新技术话语的兴起,控制论的迁移解释能力面临着很大的挑战。

十色交织:“正采耀乎朱蓝,间色屏于红紫”考释——论刘勰经学与文学双重视域下的理论构建

前贤对《文心雕龙·情采》篇“正采耀乎朱蓝,间色屏于红紫”的注释有误,或可译为:光耀由情理生发的雅义于外,蔽藏描绘物貌的丽辞于内。“朱蓝”不应取颜色义,当是赤、青两种“正色”的原料,以喻情志之本;“红紫”既有状貌描写的喻指,也与“屏,蔽也”的本义相呼应。这既体现了今、古文经学思想的交织影响,也呈现出刘勰“执正驭奇”的艺术控制论思想。由此,则“正采”与“间色”之间不是二元对立,而是本末并存、以本为主的关系。该句之所以与儒家传统的伦理色彩观有异,是因为刘勰受到经学思想内部玄学化阐释的影响,并出于文学创作的内部规律及“诗骚传统”的考虑。它不仅与全书的理论体系息息相关,还呈现出刘勰对真、善、美关系的新认识,以及刘勰在理论结构的宏观层面,始终坚守礼制思想的原则。

Controlling the Risk of Construction Delay in the Middle East： State-of-the-Art Review

The financial crisis in late 2008 arrested economic development in the construction sector in the Middle East, with the result that investors＇ confidence in the sector is severely depressed. Delays constitute one of the highest impediments to project success. In this respect, the traditional management is no longer sufficient for construction project success. The objective of this study is to conduct a literature review to identify additional effective measures for controlling the potential delays risks in construction projects in order to maximize the opportunities for success in those projects. Thirty-six scholarly articles published between 2000 and 2011 are reviewed to identify related MDRC （measures for delays risks control）. This survey reveals that 60% of the studies are related to decision-making, performance, risk management variations and poor management knowledge of stakeholders and that 20% of these studies are undertaken in the Middle East. A further 25% of the studies are related to the lack of financial risk by stakeholders, and of these 14% are in the Middle East. A knowledge gap is identified in terms of project performance, stakeholder management and risk management, which are seen as significant measures of success in controlling project delay.

从“蜻蜓之眼”到“AI之眼”——论徐冰《人工智能无限电影》背后的视觉机制

本文围绕徐冰新作《人工智能无限电影》,针对人工智能时代电影和艺术的价值如何重构展开分析。文章提出《人工智能无限电影》区别于传统的好莱坞人工智能叙事片,以一种针对控制论技术下艺术何为的思考,回应人工智能电影背后的视觉机制问题。作者结合海德格尔“艺术的起源与思考的目的”与维利里奥“机器视觉”理论,审视徐冰的“AI之眼”是如何超出人类视域,在未来又将如何作用于艺术创作。