Surfactant-assisted hydrothermally synthesized MoS_2 samples with controllable morphologies and structures for anthracene hydrogenation

MoS_2 samples with controllable morphologies and structures were synthesized using surfactantassisted hydrothermal processes.The effects of surfactants（PEG,PVP,P123,SDS,AOT,and CTAB）on the morphologies and structures of MoS_2 samples were investigated.The results revealed that spherical,bulk-like,and flower-like MoS_2 particles assembled by NH4~＋-intercalated MoS_2 nano-sheets were synthesized.The morphologies of the MoS_2 samples and their structures（including the slab length and the number of stacked layers） of MoS_2 nano-sheets in these samples could be controlled by adjusting the surfactants.Mono-dispersed spherical MoS_2 particles could be synthesized with PEG via the creation of MoS_2 nano-sheets with slab lengths shorter than 15 nm and fewer than six stacked layers.Possible formation mechanisms of these MoS_2 samples created via surfactant-assisted hydrothermal processes are proposed.Further,the catalytic activities of MoS_2 samples for anthracene hydrogenation were evaluated in a slurry-bed reactor.The catalyst synthesized with the surfactant PEG exhibited the highest catalytic hydrogenation activity.Compared with the other catalysts,it had a smaller particle size,mono-dispersed spherical morphology,shorter slab length,and fewer stacked layers;these were all beneficial to exposing its active edges.This work provides an efficient approach to synthesize transition metal sulfides with controllable morphologies and structures.

A Kind of PWM Pneumatic Servo Control System——Modulation Methods and Dynamic Responses

Vibrations or dither's are features of the PWM servo control system in their steady outputs. On the grounds of analyses and experiments of a PWM pneumatic servo control system, the paper puts forward four varieties of PWM modulation methods, and concludes on the relationship between dithers and the different methods, and then discusses the influence of friction to the dithers. Results from experiments regarding the dynamic and static responses on the given system support the theories presented.

深化学校改革 加强财务管理 提高办学效益

解决教育经费不足的困难，一方面以财政拨款为主，多渠道筹集教育资金；另一方面深化学校改革，加强财务管理力度，挖掘潜力，提高教育经费的效益。

The serine/threonine kinase LKB1 controls thymocyte survival through regulation of AMPK activation and Bcl-XL expression

LKB1 is a serine/threonine kinase that directly activates the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK） in response to bioenergetic stress, and mainly acts as a tumor suppressor that controls cell polarity and proliferation. Although LKB1 is expressed in multiple tissues including the thymus and the spleen, its roles in T-cell development and function remain unknown. Here, we show that T-cell-specific deletion of LKB1 resulted in reduced survival of double-positive （DP） thymocytes and impaired generation of both CD4 and CD8 single-positive thymocytes. Disruption of LKB1 not only prevented the activation of AMPK but also impaired the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BcI-XL. Importantly, ectopic expression of either BcI-XL or the constitutively active AMPK mutant significantly rescued DP thymocytes from LKB1 deficiency-induced cell death. Moreover, ectopic expression of the constitutively active AMPK mutant was found to restore the expression of BcI-XL in LKB1-deficient DP thymocytes. These findings identify LKB1 as a critical factor for the survival of DP thymocytes through regulation of AMPK activation and Bcl-XL expression.

Research on control method for machining non-cylinder pin hole of piston

The control method for machining non-cylinder pin hole of piston was studied systematically. A new method was presented by embedding giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) into the tool bar proper position. The model is established to characterize the relation between control current of coil and deformation of tool rod. A series of tests on deformation of giant magnetostrictive tool bar were done and the results validated the feasibility of the principle. The methods of measuring magne- tostrictive coefficient of rare earth GMM were analyzed. The measuring device with the bias field and prestress was designed. A series of experiments were done to test magnetostrictive coefficient. Experimental results supplied accurate characteristic pa- rameter for designing application device of GMM. The constitution of the developed control system made up of displacement detection and temperature detection for thermal deformation compensation was also introduced. The developed machine tool for boring the non-cylinder pin hole of piston has the micron order accuracy. This control method can be applied to other areas for machining precision or complex parts.

Function Projective Synchronization of Two Identical New Hyperchaotic Systems

A function projective synchronization of two identical hyperchaotic systems is defined and the theorem of sufficient condition is given. Based on the active control method and symbolic computation Maple, the scheme of function projective synchronization is developed to synchronize the two identical new hyperchaotic systems constructed by Yan up to a scaling function matrix with different initial values. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the scheme.

Tuning strategies and structure effects of electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction reaction

Carbon dioxide emissions have increased due to the consumption of fossil fuels,making the neutralization and utilization of CO_(2) a pressing issue.As a clean and efficient energy conversion process,electrocatalytic reduction can reduce carbon dioxide into a series of alcohols and acidic organic molecules,which can effectively realize the utilization and transformation of carbon dioxide.This review focuses on the tuning strategies and structure effects of catalysts for the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).The tuning strategies for the active sites of catalysts have been reviewed from intrinsic and external perspectives.The structure effects for the CO_(2)RR catalysts have also been discussed,such as tandem catalysis,synergistic effects and confinement catalysis.We expect that this review about tuning strategies and structure effects can provide guidance for designing highly efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.

Active Control of Free Paraboloidal Membrane Shells Using Photostrictive Actuators

The paraboloidal membrane shell with free boundary condition is actively controlled using photostrictive actuators which can provide contactless actuation under the illumination of ultraviolet light. The governing equations of the paraboloidal shell laminated with paired photostrictive actuators are established based on membrane approximation. The modal control actions of meridional/circumferential actuators are respectively formulated and evaluated by case studies. Constant light intensity related to the velocity of the shell is adopted, and then the governing equations are written in a closed-loop form which can be solved with Newmark-β method. Considering the multi-field coupling behavior of photostrictive actuators, time histories of transverse displacement and control light intensity are simulated and evaluated. The results show that photostrictive actuators can effectively control the vibration of the paraboloidal membrane shell, and the photostrictive actuators oriented along circumferential direction can give better control effect than photostrictive actuators placed along the meridional direction.

Turbine speed control system based on a fuzzy-PID

The flexibility demand of marine nuclear power plant is very high,the multiple parameters of the marine nuclear power plant with the once-through steam generator are strongly coupled,and the normal PID control of the turbine speed can't meet the control demand.This paper introduces a turbine speed Fuzzy-PID controller to coordinately control the steam pressure and thus realize the demand for quick tracking and steady state control over the turbine speed by using the Fuzzy control's quick dynamic response and PID control's steady state performance.The simulation shows the improvement of the response time and steady state performance of the control system.

Control on Electron Beam Scanning Track

In order to use electron beam as a movable welding heat source and whose energy distribution along its moving trace can be controlled, a method of electron beam scanning track and scanning mode control was put forward. Based on it, the electron beam scanning track and scanning mode can be edited at will according to actual requirements, and the energy input of each point of the scanning track can be controlled. In addition, the scanning frequency and points control, real time adjusting of the scanning track etc. were explained. This method can be used in electron beam brazing, surface modification, surface heat treatment etc.

In vitro study of immunosuppressive effect of apoptotic cells

Recent studies revealed that apoptotic cells are actively involved in immunosuppression and anti-inflammation. After being phagocytosed by macrophages, apoptotic cells can actively regulate cytokines secretion from lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-stimulated macrophages, in which the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines such as interleukin-10 （1L-10） is increased while the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNFα）, interleukin-lbeta （IL-1β） and leukin-8 （IL-8） are suppressed. In this paper, we first present evidence that phagocytosed apoptotic cells regulate cytokine secretion of LPS-stimulated macrophages, but also inhibit the activation of T lymphocytes stimulated by ConA. These data suggest that apoptotic cells can alter the biological behavior of macrophages which gain immunosuppressive property.

Optimization of actuator/sensor position of multi-body system with quick startup and brake

A new method was put forward to optimize the position of actuator/sensor of multi-body system with quick startup and brake. Dynamical equation was established for the system with intelligent structure of piezoelectric actuators. According to the property of the modes varying with time, the performance index function was developed based on the optimal configuration principle of energy maximal dissipation, and the relevant optimal model was obtained. According to its characteristic, a float-encoding genetic algorithm, which is efficient, simple and excellent for solving the global-optimal solution of this problem, was adopted. Taking the plane manipulator as an example, the result of numerical calculation shows that, after the actuator/sensor position being optimized, the vibration amplitude of the multi-body system is reduced by 35% compared with that without optimization.

Anti-synchronization in Different Hyperchaotic Systems

Based on active control theory, anti-synchronization between two different hyperchaotic systems is investigated. The sufficient conditions for achieving anti-synchronization of two different hyperchaotic systems are derived. Moreover, numerical simulations are presented for hyperehaotic Lorenz-Chen system, hyperchaotic Lorenz-Lu system, and hyperchaotic Chen Lu system to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed anti-synchronization scheme.

Dynamic modeling and simulation for nonholonomic welding mobile robot

Based on the Newton-Euler method, the dynamic behaviors of the left and right driving wheels and the robot body for the welding mobile robot were derived. In order to realize the combination control of body turning and slider adjustment, the dynamic behaviors of sliders were also investigated. As a result, a systematic and complete dynamic model for the welding mobile robot was constructed. In order to verify the effectiveness of the above model, a sliding mode tracking control method was proposed and simulated, the lateral error stabilizes between -0.2 mm and ＋0.2 mm, and the total distance of travel for the slider is consistently within 4-2 ram. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the established dynamic model and also show that the seam tracking controller based on the dynamic model has excellent performance in terms of stability and robustness. Furthermore, the model is found to be very suitable for practical applications of the welding mobile robot.

Active control of structural vibration by piezoelectric stack actuators

This paper presents a general analytical model of flexible isolation system for application to the installation of high-speed machines and lightweight structures. Piezoelectric stack actuators are employed in the model to achieve vibration control of flexible structures, and dynamic characteristics are also investigated. Mobility technique is used to derive the governing equations of the system. The power flow transmitted into the foundation is solved and considered as a cost function to achieve optimal control of vibration isolation. Some numerical simulations revealed that the analytical model is effective as piezoelectric stack actuators can achieve substantial vibration attenuation by selecting proper value of the input voltage.

Automobile active suspension system with fuzzy control

A quarter-automobile active suspension model was proposed. High speed on/off solenoid valves were used as control valves and fuzzy control was chosen as control method . Based on force analyses of system parts, a mathematical model of the active suspension system was established and simplified by linearization method. Simulation study was conducted with Matlab and three scale coefficients of fuzzy controller (ke, kec, ku) were acquired. And an experimental device was designed and produced. The results indicate that the active suspension system can achieve better vibration isolation performance than passive suspension system, the displacement amplitude of automobile body can be reduced to 55%. Fuzzy control is an effective control method for active suspension system.

A Study on PC/104 Embedded Automatic Balancing Control System

In this paper,an embedded real-time control system for automatic rotor balancing was studied.Benefiting from the modular design,this system can be easily re-constituted or expanded under different working conditions.The special designed hardware resists harsh environment.As an embedded application,it was very important to save system consumptions on both hardware and software,so the algorithms for unbalance vibration identification and attenuation were deduced,meantime a unified fast algorithm structure was achieved through the geometric analysis.Based on this structure,the signal processing algorithm was tested by an open data source,while the control algorithm was simulated using a basic rotor model,and then connected to a hyper gravity machine running online auto-balancing.The result confirms that the unbalancing vibration is effectively restrained.

A Novel Energy-regenerative Active Suspension for Vehicles

In order to regenerate electric power from the vibration excited by road unevenness,a novel energy- regenerative active suspension for vehicles was proposed with the description of its structure and its working principle with two modes switched in different operating conditions.Then,the novel active system was modeled and simulated to show the performance improvement in ride comfort in its electrical motor mode.Finally,the performance tests of the actuator prototype were carried out,which proves its capability for damping in its regenerative braking mode.The research results can provide useful guidance for the similar electrical active suspension design and development.

Controllability, Budget Flexibility and New Model of Budgeting System

How to extend the flexibility of the budget control to adapt for need of strategy management and management control is a difficult and very important problem. The purpose of this paper is to study tentatively this problem based on the extant results of controllability principle and budgeting in management control system of organization. In this paper, three main results are as follows： （1） To disclose that the controllability of an organization is one characteristic of the budgeting systems and the controllability is not impartial and not single personal action. （2） To discuss tentatively an improved budgeting system to improve the several weaknesses of traditional budgeting control that Otley （1999） summarized from the academic and practitioner literatures in order to improve the controllability of strategy management with budget flexibility. （3） To build the new model of flexible budget with three new features： it makes strategy objectives easily achievable and controllable; it makes controllers have a more strategic role; it can balance these multiple goals when they cannot be achieved simultaneously and external conditions are more demanding.

Using Sensewear armband and diet journal to promote adolescents' energy balance knowledge and motivation

Purpose： Educating adolescents about energy balance （EB） is essential for effective weight control. This study utilized the Sensewear （SWA） armband and a diet journal to promote adolescents＇ EB knowledge and motivation. Methods： Ninety sixth graders were randomly assigned into the experimental group （n = 46） who utilized SWA and diet journal for 7 consecutive days or the control group （n = 44） who did not. Both groups were pre- and post-measured on EB knowledge, situational interest, and weight. The experimental group was tracked on motivation effort, energy expenditure （EE）, and energy intake （EI）. Results： EB knowledge significantly increased and situational interest remained stable （except for total interest and enjoyment） over time, but these changes did not favor the experimental group. Situational interest and motivation effort were correlated with EE, EI, and/or EB. Conclusion： Tracking EB using the SWA and diet journal is motivating but has limited efficacy in promoting adolescents＇ EB knowledge. Using these two tools as educational technology in conjunction with a focused, systematic, and educational approach has the potential to leverage adolescents＇ EB knowledge, motivation, as well as behaviors for living an energy-balanced lifestyle.