ROV水动力性能及推力控制分配研究与仿真

良好的推力控制分配策略是缆控水下机器人(remotely operated vehicle, ROV)机动性和作业安全性的保障,也是ROV运动控制技术得以实现的必要条件.但现有的推力控制分配策略存在推力输出饱和或计算时间过长等问题,导致ROV机动性欠佳.针对现存问题,提出了一种混合优化目标推力控制分配策略.首先,建立ROV驱动系统数学模型,设计了一种混合优化目标推力控制分配函数;再使用Fluent软件分析不同工况下导管螺旋桨的水动力性能,得到推进器的推力模型,从而确定混合优化目标推力控制分配函数的约束条件;最后采用光滑牛顿法求解混合优化目标推力控制分配函数,并与传统伪逆推力分配策略进行仿真对比.仿真结果表明,混合优化目标推力控制分配策略能满足各推进器对推力的约束要求,并能有效地利用约束范围内的推力集合,且通过光滑牛顿法求解的总体误差小于0.0007 N m,单步迭代次数在10步以内,单步计算时间小于2 ms,其具有精度高、实时性好、无推力输出饱和等优点.

Attitude control allocation strategy of high altitude airship based on synthetic performance optimization

This paper presents a method for solving the attitude control problem of high altitude airship (HAA) with aerodynamic fin and vectored thruster control. The algorithm is based on the synthetic optimization of dynamic performance and energy consumption of airship. Firstly, according to the system overall configuration, the dynamic model of HAA was established and the HAA linearized model of longitudinal plane motion was obtained. Secondly, using the classic PID control theory, the HAA attitude control system was designed. Thirdly, through analyzing the dynamic performance of airship with fin or vectored thruster control, the synthetic performance index function with different weighting functions was determined. By means of optimizing the obtained performance index function, the attitude control of high altitude airship with good dynamic performance and low energy consumption was achieved. Finally, attitude control allocation strategy was designed for the airship station keeping at an altitude of 22 km. The simulation experiment proved the validity of the proposed algorithm.