干法再造烟叶掺配量对卷烟品质的影响

为探讨干法再造烟叶在卷烟生产中的适宜掺配量,以某知名品牌卷烟的烟丝为基础,在卷烟中分别添加5%、8%、12%、15%的干法再造烟叶,探讨干法再造烟叶掺配量对卷烟品质的影响。结果表明:在烟丝中掺入干法再造烟叶能有效降低卷烟的化学指标和烟气指标,与纯烟丝卷烟样品相比,掺入15%干法再造烟叶的卷烟样品总糖、还原糖、烟碱含量分别下降了14.64%、16.59%、35.68%,烟气烟碱、焦油、CO释放量分别降低了17.50%、15.03%、11.55%,且优于掺入同等比例造纸法再造烟叶的卷烟样品;感官质量方面,掺配干法再造烟叶卷烟样品的抽吸品质优于掺配造纸法再造烟叶的卷烟样品和纯烟丝卷烟样品,且掺配量为8%时,卷烟样品的感官评吸质量最好。可见,干法再造烟叶在卷烟抽吸品质提高及减害降焦方面已经达到甚至超过了造纸法再造烟叶。

不同再生粗骨料掺配量对再生混凝土强度的影响试验分析

再生骨料是一种由废弃混凝土加工而来的骨料,区别于卵石、碎石、天然砂等天然骨料。由于再生骨料与天然骨料孔隙率、吸水率、含水率等特征的差异性,使再生混凝土与普通混凝土抗压强度存在差异。基于此,本人借助再生骨料替代率试验,运用控制变量的思想,对不同再生骨料替代率下的普通再生混凝土和再生保温混凝土进行抗压试验,分析其不同再生骨料替代率极限压力荷载下的微观破坏形态,论述其对再生混凝土抗压强度的影响。

不同养护条件下钢纤维差异对混凝土抗折强度影响浅析

本次分析研究依托的项目是地处高原的一个隧道建设工程,项目地属于高原自然条件,除缺氧外昼夜温差比较大,这样会造成施工时混凝土的养护差异明显。为了改善隧道内衬砌混凝土的抗折强度,决定对衬砌混凝土添加适量钢纤维。通过对比分析发现,养护条件对隧道内混凝土抗折强度影响明显,最终建议钢纤维掺配量为20 kg/m^(3)时较为合适。将结论应用于实践,在衬砌C40混凝土内添加了建议掺配量的钢纤维,效果良好。

生态主动抑尘沥青混合料配合比设计及水稳性能评价

为了考虑生态主动抑尘沥青混合料的路用性能和抑尘功能的平衡,根据规范对生态主动抑尘沥青混合料的原材料进行了技术指标的测试.调整了传统AC-13的集料配合比,开发了抗滑型AC-13沥青混合料,提高了混合料的表面纹理和构造深度,保证了湿润状态下混合料抗滑性能不降低.同时,采用马歇尔的方法确定了不同类型吸附改性添加剂在不同掺量下的最佳油石比.最后通过浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验对沥青混合料的水稳定性能进行了评价,确定了吸附改性添加剂的最佳掺量.结果表明:天然沸石粉、无水氯化钙和玉米芯粉的最优掺量分别为抑尘沥青混合料的总质量的8%,6%,4%.在此掺量下,抑尘沥青混合料的残留稳定度大于80%,冻融劈裂强度比大于80%,满足规范要求.

北京城区生活污泥津冀地区建材资源化利用可行性研究

以津冀地区开展北京中心城区高级厌氧消化生活污泥制烧结砖建材资源化利用为目的,研究技术可行性及最大利用比例。结果表明,北京中心城区高级厌氧消化生活污泥符合GB/T 25031—2010的要求;津冀地区制砖主料与污泥掺配时,污泥比例越大,试样烧结温度越高,吸水率增大,强度降低,试样烧成线收缩率增大,成品试样尺寸中长度变化最显著。根据污泥特性、津冀制砖主料塑性及GB/T 5101—2017的要求,建议掺量不宜超过20%(以干基计)。实际生产过程应调配适宜比例,控制温度平衡、稳定,以保证成品烧结砖质量。

Effects of Different Processing Modes of Reconstituted Tobacco on Cigarette Quality

In order to explore the most suitable mode for the primary processing model of reconstituted tobacco, another two kinds of conditioning process schemes for reconstituted tobacco were designed based on the existing reconstituted tobacco processing method. Comparative analysis and evaluation were conducted for moisture content uniformity, intrinsic chemical compositions, casing uniformity, blending uniformity and sensory quality of the samples from the three kind of processing modes. The results showed that loosing and conditioning or the vacuum conditioning pretreatment of the reconstituted tobacco could effectively reduce the difference in moisture content during the blending, and improve the casing uniformity and blending uniformity. Moreover, the samples with the loosing and conditioning pretreatment had higher total sugar and reducing sugar contents, which indicated that the loosing and conditioning pretreatment method was more favorable for the improvement of the intrinsic quality of cigarettes. In addition, the three kinds of aromatic components contents of cigarettes using the loosing and conditioning pretreatment were higher,and the casing uniformity, blending uniformity and overall sensory quality of this pretreatment were all superior to that of the other two kinds of reconstituted tobacco pretreatment methods. The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar as well as the three kinds of aromatic components of cigarettes processed with vacuum conditioning pretreatment were all slightly lower than those of the existing methods, but the casing uniformity and blending uniformity were improved, while it showed small difference in the sensory quality with the existing processing method.