描浓老年学校教育的“教育本色”

从老年教育的内涵、老年教育产生的理论基础透析老年教育固有的教育本色,与老年教育社会发展需要与老年人个体生存需要中坚守教育本色的呼应,应该是我们描浓老年学校教育"教育本色"的基石。

Effects of Alginate Gel on Rheological Properties of Hair-tail (Trichiurus lepturus) Surimi

Effects of alginate gel at different concentrations on rheological properties of hair-tail (Trichiurus lepturus) surimi were investigated. Alginate gel (1% - 3%) exhibited enhanced effects, especially when alginate gel concentration increased. The rheological properties of mixture samples were studied by the time sweep, frequency sweep and temperature sweep. The critical strain values of the mixture samples for the onset of non-linear viscoelasticity were about 5%. The storage modulus G' of the mixture samples increased with time for 4 h. The frequency sweep showed that G' was greater than G" for all the mixture gels with different alginate gel concentrations, and values of both n' and n" for all samples were low (<0.2), these constants corresponding to G' and G", and indicating the elasticity of mixture gels. The values of storage modulus G' decreased during heating process and increased with decreasing temperature.

田野下船民之生存经验与困境探析

用船民当事人的声音来表达对历史和生命的记忆和感受,对我们相对陌生的船民群体产生的政治文化经济现象和经历作出他木讷的解释,开拓新的视角看待船民,用新的思考体悟船民。通过"浓描"让我们获得一个与想象不同的船民群体,长年累月与水打交道的船民实质是知识丰富的群体,他们对于天象、水文、地理、人际关系等都有独特的文化视角和行动逻辑,甚至生活起居、宗教信仰都充满着船民自己的生存性逻辑。

Green synthesis of nickel nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum and their application in dye and pollutant adsorption

Nickel nanoparticles as an eco-friendly adsorbent was biosynthesized using Ocimum sanctum leaf extract. The physiochemical properties of green synthesized nickel nanoparticles(Ni Gs) were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy(UV–Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM). Ni Gs were used as adsorbent for the removal of dyes such as crystal violet(CV), eosin Y(EY), orange II(OR) and anionic pollutant nitrate(NO3-), sulfate(SO42-) from aqueous solution. Adsorption capacity of Ni Gs was examined in batch modes at different p H, contact time, Ni G dosage, initial dye and pollutant concentration. The adsorption process was p H dependent and the adsorption capacity increased with increase in contact time and with that of Ni G dosage, whereas the adsorption capacity decreased at higher concentrations of dyes and pollutants. Maximum percentage removal of dyes and pollutants were observed at 40, 20,30, 10 and 10 mg·L-1initial concentration of CV, EY, OR, NO3-and SO42-respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities in Langmuir isotherm were found to be 0.454, 0.615, 0.273, 0.795 and 0.645 mg·g-1at p H 8, 3, 3, 7and 7 for CV, EY, OR, NO3-and SO42-respectively. The higher coef ficients of correlation in Langmuir isotherm suggested monolayer adsorption. The mean energies(E), 2.23, 3.53, 2.50, 5.00 and 3.16 k J·mol-1for CV, EY, OR, NO3-and SO42-respectively, calculated from the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm showed physical adsorption of adsorbate onto Ni Gs. Adsorption kinetics data was better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics with R2 N 0.870 for all dyes and pollutants. Ni Gs were found to be an effective adsorbent for the removal of dyes and pollutants from aqueous solution and can be applied to treat textile and tannery ef fluents.

Integration of SEM/WDX elemental mapping and micromorphology to determine mineralogical traits of peat soils(case study：Northern Iran)

We explored the potential use of combining wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(WDX) and micromorphology of thin sections to identify minerals in peat soils. Peat soil minerals from three peats and swamps across Golestan Province in northern Iran were first characterized by micromorphological studies. Soils were composed mainly of quartz, muscovite, biotite, pyroxene,sericitized Fe-nodules, and iron-rich garnet. In addition,micromorphological results indicated that Galougah Coastal Swamp sections contained some inorganic residue with biological origin including oyster and limpet, which may be related to the swamp's location near Gorgan Gulf.In order to determine mineralogical properties of samples,twelve unknown grains were chosen for elemental concentration map studies. Quartz, garnet, ilmenite, calcite,and pyroxene in Suteh samples; epidote and Fe-nodule in Ghaleh-Ghafeh Peat Swamp; and barite, phyllosilicates,and calcite in Galougah were identified by WDX mapping of Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, C, Ba, S, and Ti. Composition of the oysters' body was also analyzed by WDX for Si, Ca, Fe,and C. The results indicated that most of the minerals in all sections likely formed through weathering, inheriting their composition from the parent rock. This research suggests that merging micromorphology and SEM/WDX image techniques can be useful in confirming the presence of mineral particles in soil science.

Detection of coal dust in a mine using optical tomography

A dust concentration imaging system based on optical tomography is proposed to monitor concentration variations of coal dust in a mine.Concentration profiles,rather than just a point value,of coal dust concentrations are the goal of this method.An optical sensor array is employed to realize an optical sensing field of the coal dust concentration during on-line monitoring.A novel image reconstruction algorithm,called the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique(SIRT),is compared to the well known linear,back projection algorithm(LBP).The SIRT was applied to the present problem and tested by modeling.The disadvantage of the SIRT is a slow speed but some improvements have been made by adding a weighting function that reduces the relative error to 1.7% from 3.1% for 50 iterations.The results of image reconstruction are presented for both simulated and real objects.They prove that the optical tomography technique,based on a multi-source fan projection scheme,can be an effective approach for estimating coal dust distribution.This system can be applied in real time for continuous measurements in a mine.

Synthesis and Characterization of MgSb2O6 Trirutile-Type in Low Presence Concentrations of Ethylenediamine

The nanoparticles MgSb206 with trirutile-type structure were prepared by colloidal method using ethylanediamine （0.5 and 0.75 mL）, following a calcination at 800 ℃. After, those powders were analyzed by x-ray obtaining a tetragonal structure with cell parameters, a = 4.64 A and c = 9.25 A and special group P42/mnm. Using a scanning electron microscopy were analyzed the powders calcined at 800 ℃, showing the formation of micro-plates, micro-rods, nanoparticles and morphology as rice grains. Employing a transmission electron microscopy, were found nanostructures hexagonal shaped with sizes of- 33.6 nm （0.5 mL） and 28.6 nm （0.75 mL）.

Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe_2O_3 composite coatings

Ni-Co-Fe2O3 composite coatings were electrodeposited using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)-modified Watt's nickel bath with Fe2O3 particles dispersed in it.The effects of the plating parameters on the chemical composition,structural and morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited Ni-Co-Fe2O3 composite coatings were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray(EDS) spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results reveal that Fe2O3 particles can be codeposited in the Ni-Co matrix.The codeposition of Fe2O3 particles with Ni-Co is favoured at high Fe2O3 particle concentration and medium stirring,and the deposition of Co is favoured at high concentration of CTAB.Moreover,the study of the textural perfection of the deposits reveals that the presence of particles leads to the worsening of the quality of the observed <220> preferred orientation.Composites with high concentration of embedded particles exhibit a preferred crystal orientation of <111>.The more the embedded Fe2O3 particles in the metallic matrix,the smaller the sizes of the crystallite for the composite deposits.

Antimicrobial effect of sodium houttuyfonate on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans biofilms

OBJECTIVE： To study antimicrobial effect of Sodi- um houttuyfonate （SH） on Staphylococcus epider- midis （SE） and Candida albicans （CA）. METHODS： The prepared strain broths （OD600=0.05） containing SE and CA were firstly used to test the minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of SH, azithromycin （AZM） and fluconazole （FLU） by mi- cro-dilution method. Then the biofilms of SE and CA were matured in 96-well plates, and co-cultured with SH, AZM and FLU for 1, 2 and 3 days to assess the antibiofilm efficacies of the agents with differ- ent concentrations by crystal violet staining meth- od. At last, the treated biofilms of SE and CA by 2× MIC agents were observed by scanning electronic microscope. RESULTS： The MlCs of SE and CA were 256 and 1024 μg/mL, respectively. After the 1st, 2nd and3rd day of medications, the suppressions of biofilm were about 60% （P〈0.01）, 76% （P=0.000） and 75% （P=0.000） by 2×MIC SH, the suppressions of biofilm were about 90% （P=0.000）, 88% （P=0.000） and 90% （P=0.000） by 2×MIC SH, which could be testified by scanning electron microscope results. However, the inhibitions of biofilm attachment had no significant difference for SE by SH and azithromycin and CA by SH and fluconazole. CONCLUSION： SH had widely anti-pathogenic ef- fect on pathogenic biofilm formation of either bac- teria or fungus, had more influence on enclosed cells of SE and CA than the traditional antibiotics, revealing its target might be the extracellular poly- meric substances, and was more active to inhibit the growth of CA than SE.

Polymorph and anisotropic Raman spectroscopy of Phz-Hca cocrystals

The nucleation and growth mechanism and polymorph-property correlations in the molecular cocrystal field are widely sought but currently remain unclear. Herein, a new wire-like morphology of phenazine(Phz)-chloranilic acid(H2ca) cocrystal(PHC) is demonstrated for the first time, and the self-assembly of Phz and H2ca is controlled to selectively prepare kinetically stable wires and thermodynamically stable plates. Specifically, low precursor concentration is beneficial for one-dimensional(1D) self-assembly along the [010] crystallographic direction, while only supersaturation can trigger 2D self-assembly along the [100] and [010] directions, respectively. This is understandable in terms of the(020) face showing the largest attachment energy(Eatt) and the(002) face possessing the smallest surface energy(Esurf). Moreover, anisotropic Raman spectra related to the mode symmetry and atomic displacements in two types of PHCs are revealed, and the same Raman-active vibrational bands of PHC wire and plate show different polarization responses, which is intrinsically ascribed to their different molecular orientations.Overall, this is the first case that morphologies of cocrystal are precisely tuned with comprehensive investigations of their anisotropic vibrational characteristics.