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指顶阑尾提钩的研制与临床应用 被引量:1
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作者 刘伟忠 李郁明 《中国现代医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第20期3175-3177,共3页
目的研制并探讨指顶阑尾提钩在阑尾切除术中的可行性及优点。方法自1993~2005年,一共用指顶阑尾提钩协助行阑尾切除术165例。结果总有效率为98%。结论用指顶阑尾提钩协助行阑尾切除术具有切口小的优点,利于患者术后恢复。
关键词 顶阑尾 阑尾切除术
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输卵管结扎手术中应用指板提管法的临床体会 被引量:1
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作者 羊俏英 《药物与人》 2015年第1期181-182,共2页
目的:探讨分析在输卵管结扎手术中采用指板提管法的临床体会。方法:将收治的实施结扎手术的女性受术者328例,按照随机分配表的方法平均分成对照组与实验组,每组164例,其中给与对照组采用吊钩提管法,实验组采用指板提管法,比较两... 目的:探讨分析在输卵管结扎手术中采用指板提管法的临床体会。方法:将收治的实施结扎手术的女性受术者328例,按照随机分配表的方法平均分成对照组与实验组,每组164例,其中给与对照组采用吊钩提管法,实验组采用指板提管法,比较两组受术者的成功率与术后的疼痛情况。结果:实验组的成功率(98.17%)明显高于对照组的成功率(70.73%);实验组的Ⅲ级疼痛率(5.49%)明显低于对照组的Ⅲ级疼痛率(38.41%),具有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:输卵管结扎手术中采用指板提管法优于吊钩提管法,值得推广应用。 展开更多
关键词 输卵管结扎手术 管法 临床体会
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横切口皮内缝合经腹输卵管结扎两指提管法的应用与体会
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作者 杜孝海 《中国计划生育学杂志》 1995年第3期169-169,共1页
自1972年开始施行经腹输卵管结扎以来,在工作中不断地总结、比较各种方法的基础上,认为横切口、皮内缝合经腹两指提管法结扎输卵管,临床应用尚感满意,体会如下。 一、手术方法 1.受术者取平卧位或头低臀高位,常规消毒、铺巾。用0.5%~... 自1972年开始施行经腹输卵管结扎以来,在工作中不断地总结、比较各种方法的基础上,认为横切口、皮内缝合经腹两指提管法结扎输卵管,临床应用尚感满意,体会如下。 一、手术方法 1.受术者取平卧位或头低臀高位,常规消毒、铺巾。用0.5%~1%普鲁卡因作切口浸润麻醉。 展开更多
关键词 输卵管结扎术 经腹两管法 横切口
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古筝演奏中贴弦提弹应该注意的问题
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作者 王晗 《神州》 2017年第33期33-33,共1页
贴弦提弹法是现代筝曲中快速指序的重要弹法,它可以保证手指间的连贯和衔接,使乐音连接流畅。其优点在于手指提前准备,减少触弦失误,速度也快,出音轻快便捷。当然其缺点也是存在的,具体体现在在弹奏难度较大的快速乐曲、乐段时,... 贴弦提弹法是现代筝曲中快速指序的重要弹法,它可以保证手指间的连贯和衔接,使乐音连接流畅。其优点在于手指提前准备,减少触弦失误,速度也快,出音轻快便捷。当然其缺点也是存在的,具体体现在在弹奏难度较大的快速乐曲、乐段时,快速贴弦的准备容易造成遮音,甚者有很大的杂音。 展开更多
关键词 古筝演奏 贴弦提指 方法
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小议汉语称代
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作者 古丽拜克热.托尔逊 《晋中学院学报》 2009年第4期5-7,46,共4页
现代汉语表达方式中的"称代",其作用是避复求简,使语言表达简洁紧凑。不同类型的称代有着不同的表意特点,能从不同方面丰富和提高称代的表意功能。运用"称代"时,不仅要求称代的语体明确,还必须注意交际场合,协调语... 现代汉语表达方式中的"称代",其作用是避复求简,使语言表达简洁紧凑。不同类型的称代有着不同的表意特点,能从不同方面丰富和提高称代的表意功能。运用"称代"时,不仅要求称代的语体明确,还必须注意交际场合,协调语体,做到言与意合。 展开更多
关键词 称代 凝字 并列 提指
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Effects of EMS Treatment on Leaf Regeneration and Heat Tolerance of Tissue-cultured Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. Seedlings 被引量:1
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作者 辛梦 张楠 +3 位作者 曹后男 王蕾 宗成文 奉林 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第7期1173-1178,1182,共7页
With tissue cultured-seedlings of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. in Changbai Mountain as test material, the effect of EMS treatment on the heat toler- ance of R. chrysanthum, as well as the possible heat tolerance mec... With tissue cultured-seedlings of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. in Changbai Mountain as test material, the effect of EMS treatment on the heat toler- ance of R. chrysanthum, as well as the possible heat tolerance mechanism, was in- vestigated in this study so as to lay a foundation for the popularization, application and germplasm resource innovation of R. chrysanthum. The results showed that when the leaves of the tissue cultured seedlings were treated with medium with 0.1% of EMS for 2 d, the survival rate of the leaves was 48.92%, thus the con- centration of EMS was close to the semi-lethal dose, and the EMS concentration and treatment time could be used as screening conditions for heat-tolerant mutants. The plantlets regenerated from EMS-treated leaves were treated with different tem- peratures, and related physiological indicators were determined. The results showed that the chlorophyll content, MDA content, Pro content, SOD activity, POD activity and soluble sugar content of regeneration plantlets in the treatment group were sig- nificantly different from those in the control group. At the same temperature, the chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, Pro content, SOD activity and POD ac- tivity were significantly higher and the MDA content was significantly lower in the treatment group compared with the control. In conclusion, EMS treatment improved the heat tolerance of tissue-cultured R. chrysanthum seedlings. 展开更多
关键词 Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. EMS Physiological indicators Heat toleranc
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Methodological Studies on Genomic DNA Extraction and Purification from Plant Drug Materials 被引量:12
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作者 曹晖 毕培曦 邵鹏柱 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS 1998年第3期18-25,共8页
This paper reports the rationale and methods of DNA extraction and purification from nine species of Compositae and four commercial drugs of corresponding plant Elephantopus scaber. The comparison of three methods: Cs... This paper reports the rationale and methods of DNA extraction and purification from nine species of Compositae and four commercial drugs of corresponding plant Elephantopus scaber. The comparison of three methods: CsCl gradient, CTAB/CsCl gradient and CTAB miniprep extraction by yield, purity and factors affecting PCR was carried out. In conclusion, CTAB miniprep method provides a rapid, effective, economic approach for isolating genomic DNA for Chinese drug identification by genomic fingerprints. 展开更多
关键词 DNA extraction DNA purification CTAB miniprep Genomic fingerprinting AP PCR
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A Robust Method for Adaptive Center Extraction of Linear Structured Light Stripe 被引量:5
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作者 LU Yonghua ZHANG Jia +2 位作者 LI Xiaoyan LI Yanlong TAN Jie 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI CSCD 2020年第4期586-596,共11页
In the non-contact measurement using the linear structured light(LSL),the extraction precision of the light stripe center directly affects the measurement accuracy of the whole detection system.To solve the problem th... In the non-contact measurement using the linear structured light(LSL),the extraction precision of the light stripe center directly affects the measurement accuracy of the whole detection system.To solve the problem that general algorithms cannot accurately extract the center of the light stripe with the uneven width and unstable greyvalue distribution,an adaptive optimization method is proposed.In this method,the stripe region is firstly segmented,and the widths of the laser stripe are calculated by boundary detection.The initial stripe center points are computed by the quadratic weighted grayscale centroid method based on the self-adaptive stripe width.After that,these center points are optimized according to the determined slope threshold.The sub-pixel coordinates of these center points are recalculated.Detailed analysis is also performed in line with the proposed evaluation index of the extraction algorithm.The experimental results show that the mean square error of extracted center points is only 0.1 pixel,meaning that the accuracy of laser stripe center extraction is improved significantly by the method.Furthermore,the method can run effectively at a relatively low computational time cost,and can demonstrate great robustness as well. 展开更多
关键词 laser stripe image processing center extraction SELF-ADAPTIVE evaluation index
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State Representation Methodology (SRM) for Bridge Condition Assessment in SHM 被引量:2
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《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2012年第4期433-443,共11页
This paper introduces a new concept of "State Representation Methodology (SRM)" which is a kind of bridge condition assessment method for structural health monitoring system (SHM). There are many methods for sys... This paper introduces a new concept of "State Representation Methodology (SRM)" which is a kind of bridge condition assessment method for structural health monitoring system (SHM). There are many methods for system identification from the simplicity comparison of damage index to the complicated statistical pattern recognition algorithms in SHM. In these methods, modal analysis and parameters identification or many defined indices are common-used for extracting the dynamic or static characteristics of a system. However, there is a common problem: due to the complexity of a large size system with high-order nonlinear characteristics and severe environment interference, it is impossible to extract and quantify exactly these modal parameters or system parameters or indices as the feature vectors of a system in damage detection in an easy way. The SRM considered a more general theory for the non-parametric description of system state. 展开更多
关键词 BRIDGE damage detection system state representation methodology (SRM) structural health monitoring (SHM) state representation function (SRF) SRM Tool Kernel function.
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Preliminary Analysis of Population Genetic Diversity of Cultivated Laminaria japonica Sporophyte via AFLP Technique 被引量:2
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作者 YI Heng SUI Zhenghong BAO Zhenmin 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2010年第1期53-58,共6页
The amplified fragment length polymorphic DNA (AFLP) technique was adopted to estimate the population genetic polymorphism among 30 sporophytes of Laminaria japonica collected from a cultivating farm in Rongcheng,Chin... The amplified fragment length polymorphic DNA (AFLP) technique was adopted to estimate the population genetic polymorphism among 30 sporophytes of Laminaria japonica collected from a cultivating farm in Rongcheng,China.Three methods were used for genomic DNA extraction from Laminaria japonica sporophyte and only the products obtained using the improved genomic DNA extraction kit method proved qualified for AFLP analysis.The parameters of the method were optimized.Samples of forty milligrams and the cell lysis time of 120 min were suggested to replace the parameters recommended by the manufacturer.Thirty individuals of Laminaria japonica from the same cultivating site were investigated using one pair of selective primers.A total of 21 loci were obtained and 17 of them were polymorphic.The mean percent age of polymorphic loci of this population was 80.95%.The Nei's gene diversity (H) within this population was 0.3028 and the average Shannon's Information index (I) was 0.4498.A genetic distance matrix among different individuals was constructed as well.Through this study,an applicable AFLP genetic analysis working system for Laminaria japonica sporophyte was established.The results of this research also revealed a high level of genetic diversity within the studied population. 展开更多
关键词 SPOROPHYTE Laminariajaponica AFLP genetic diversity
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Research on the Summer Drought in Chongqing Using MODIS-EVI Time Series Data
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作者 易佳 高阳华 +1 位作者 杨世琦 田永中 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第7期124-127,167,共5页
MODIS-EVI time series data from 2000 to 2009 in Chongqing were selected for this study.By the use of best index slope extraction (BISE) method for cloud elimination,analysis on the change vector of EVI time series d... MODIS-EVI time series data from 2000 to 2009 in Chongqing were selected for this study.By the use of best index slope extraction (BISE) method for cloud elimination,analysis on the change vector of EVI time series data were conducted to investigate the EVI response on drought; then,four typical regions were selected to study the relationship between precipitation,temperature and EVI when the sever drought occurred in 2006; finally,based on the time series of vegetation condition index (VCI) and precipitation abnormity percentage,the temporal and spatial distributions of drought were studied.The results showed that,the EVI value of the summer in 2006 was significantly lower than the average EVI at the corresponding period of the other years in Chongqing.In addition,summer drought occurred mainly during the hot and dry weather.Except the southeast area,most of the other regions in Chongqing were all under severe drought. 展开更多
关键词 Time series of vegetation condition index Precipitation abnormity percentage Best index slope extraction CHONGQING
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A Simple Method to Extract Tropical Monsoon Forests Using NDVI Based on MODIS Data:A Case Study in South Asia and Peninsula Southeast Asia 被引量:3
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作者 LIN Sen LIU Ronggao 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第1期22-34,共13页
Distribution of monsoon forests is important for the research of carbon and water cycles in the tropical regions. In this paper, a simple approach is proposed to map monsoon forests using the Normalized Difference Veg... Distribution of monsoon forests is important for the research of carbon and water cycles in the tropical regions. In this paper, a simple approach is proposed to map monsoon forests using the Normalized Difference Vegetation lndex (NDVI) derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Owing to the high contrast of greenness between wet season and dry season, the monsoon forest can be easily discriminated from other forests by combining the maximum and minimum annual NDVI. The MODIS-based monsoon forest maps (MODMF) from 2000 to 2009 are derived and evaluated using the ground-truth dataset. The MODMF achieves an average producer accuracy of 80.0% and the Kappa statistic of 0.719. The variability of MODMF among different years is compared with that calculated from MODIS land cover products (MCD 12Q 1). The results show that the coefficient of variation of total monsoon forest area in MODMF is 7.3%, which is far lower than that in MCD12Q1 with 24.3%. Moreover, the pixels in MODMv which can be identified for 7 to 9 times between 200l and 2009 account for 53.1%, while only 7.9% ofMCD12QI pixels have this frequency. Additionally, the monsoon forest areas estimated in MODMF, Global Land Cover 2000 (GLC2000), MCDI2Q1 and University of Maryland (UMD) products are compared with the statistical dataset at national level, which reveals that MODMv has the highest R^2 of 0.95 and the lowest RMSE of 14 014 km^2. This algorithm is simple but reliable for mapping the monsoon forests without complex classification techniques. 展开更多
关键词 monsoon forest Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) amplitude THRESHOLD classification
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Extracting Vegetation Phenology Metrics in Changbai Mountains Using an Improved Logistic Model 被引量:4
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作者 LI Ming WU Zhengfang +1 位作者 QIN Lijie MENG Xiangjun 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2011年第3期304-311,共8页
Remotely sensing images are now available for monitoring vegetation dynamics over large areas.In this paper,an improved logistic model that combines double logistic model and global function was developed.Using this m... Remotely sensing images are now available for monitoring vegetation dynamics over large areas.In this paper,an improved logistic model that combines double logistic model and global function was developed.Using this model with SPOT/NDVI data,three key vegetation phenology metrics,the start of growing season (SOS),the end of growing season (EOS) and the length of growing season (LOS),were extracted and mapped in the Changbai Mountains,and the relationship between the key phenology metrics and elevation were established.Results show that average SOS of forest,cropland and grassland in the Changbai Mountains are on the 119th,145th,and 133rd day of year,respectively.The EOS of forest and grassland are similar,with the average on the 280th and 278th,respectively.In comparison,average EOS of the cropland is relatively earlier.The LOS of forest is mainly from the 160th to 180th,that of the grassland extends from the 140th to the 160th,and that of cropland stretches from the 110th to the 130th.As the latitude increases for the same land cover in the study area,the SOS significantly delays and the EOS becomes earlier.The SOS delays approximately three days as the elevation increases 100 m in the areas with elevation higher than 900 m above sea level (a.s.l.).The EOS is slightly earlier as the elevation increases especially in the areas with elevation below 1200 m a.s.l.The LOS shortens approximately four days as the elevation increases 100 m in the areas with elevation higher than 900 m a.s.l.The relationships between vegetation phenology metrics and elevation may be greatly influenced by the land covers.Validation by comparing with the field data and previous research results indicates that the improved logistic model is reliable and effective for extracting vegetation phenology metrics. 展开更多
关键词 logistic model SPOT/NDVI phenology metrics Changbai Mountains
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Identification of Volatile Compounds in Codfish(Gadus) by a Combination of Two Extraction Methods Coupled with GC-MS Analysis 被引量:5
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作者 CHANG Yufei HOU Hu LI Bafang 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2016年第3期509-514,共6页
Codfish is a kind of abyssal fish species with a great value in food industry. However, the flavor of codfish, especially the unpleasant odor, has caused serious problems in its processing. To accurately identify the ... Codfish is a kind of abyssal fish species with a great value in food industry. However, the flavor of codfish, especially the unpleasant odor, has caused serious problems in its processing. To accurately identify the volatile compounds in codfish, a combination of solid phase micro-extraction(SPME) method and simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE) method was used to extract the volatiles. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) along with Kovats indices(KI) and authentic standard compounds were used to identify the volatiles. The results showed that a total of 86 volatile compounds were identified in codfish, of them 24 were extracted by SDE, 69 compounds by SPME, and 10 compounds by both SDE and SPME. Seventy volatile compounds were found to have specific odors, of them 7 typical compounds contributed significantly to the flavor of codfish. Alcohols(i.e.,(E)-2-penten-1-ol and 2-octanol), esters(i.e., ethyl butyrate and methyl geranate), aldehydes(i.e., 2-dodecenal and pentadecanal) contributed the most to fresh flavor while nitrogen compounds, sulphur compounds, furans, as well as some ketones(i.e., 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone) brought unpleasant odor, such as fishy and earthy odor. It was indicated that the combination of multiple extraction methods and GC-MS analysis can enhance the accuracy of identification, and provide a reference for the further study on flavor of aquatic products. 展开更多
关键词 codfish volatile flavor compound SDE SPME GC-MS Kovats index
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Semi-reference image quality metric for virtual view images in free-viewpoint television
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作者 杨铀 Jiang Gangyi +2 位作者 Yu Mei Shao Feng Zhang Yun 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2009年第4期394-400,共7页
A semi-reference image quality assessment metric based on similarity measurement for synthesized virtual viewpoint image (VVI) in free-viewpoint television system (FFV) is proposed in this paper. The key point of ... A semi-reference image quality assessment metric based on similarity measurement for synthesized virtual viewpoint image (VVI) in free-viewpoint television system (FFV) is proposed in this paper. The key point of the proposed metric is taking resemblant information between VVI and its neighbor view images for quality assessment to make our metric to be extended to multi-semi-reference image quality assessment easily. The proposed metric first extracts impact factors from image features, then combines an image synthesis technique and similarity functions, in which, disparity information are taken into account for registering the resemblant regions. Experiments are divided into three phases. Phase I is to verify the validation of the proposed metric by taking impaired images and original reference into account. The experimental results show the agreement between evaluation scores and bio-characteristic of human visual system. Phase II shows the accordance with Phase I by taking neighbor view as reference. The proposed metric can be taken as a full reference one to evaluate the image quality even though the original reference is absent. Phase III is then performed to evaluate the quality of WI. Evaluation scores in the experimental results are able to evaluate the quality of VVI. 展开更多
关键词 image quality assessment virtual view image (VVI) free-viewpoint television (FTV) semi-relerence image quality metric
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Fingerprint singular points extraction based on orientation tensor field and Laurent series 被引量:3
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作者 刘琴 彭可 +4 位作者 刘巍 谢琴 李仲阳 兰浩 金耀 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第5期1927-1934,共8页
Singular point(SP)extraction is a key component in automatic fingerprint identification system(AFIS).A new method was proposed for fingerprint singular points extraction,based on orientation tensor field and Laurent s... Singular point(SP)extraction is a key component in automatic fingerprint identification system(AFIS).A new method was proposed for fingerprint singular points extraction,based on orientation tensor field and Laurent series.First,fingerprint orientation flow field was obtained,using the gradient of fingerprint image.With these gradients,fingerprint orientation tensor field was calculated.Then,candidate SPs were detected by the cross-correlation energy in multi-scale Gaussian space.The energy was calculated between fingerprint orientation tensor field and Laurent polynomial model.As a global descriptor,the Laurent polynomial coefficients were allowed for rotational invariance.Furthermore,a support vector machine(SVM)classifier was trained to remove spurious SPs,using cross-correlation coefficient as a feature vector.Finally,experiments were performed on Singular Point Detection Competition 2010(SPD2010)database.Compared to the winner algorithm of SPD2010 which has best accuracy of 31.90%,the accuracy of proposed algorithm is 45.34%.The results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art detection algorithms by large margin,and the detection is invariant to rotational transformations. 展开更多
关键词 fingerprint extraction singular point fingerprint orientation tensor field Laurent series rotational invariance supportvector machine (SVM)
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桔皮油中与发泡聚苯乙烯塑料相溶组分的分析 被引量:4
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作者 张秋芬 胡治元 张秀华 《洛阳工业高等专科学校学报》 2003年第2期4-4,54,共2页
气相色谱法测定结果表明:桔皮提取物中有一绝对优势组分。通过红外光谱和核磁共振进一步协同确定,与聚苯乙烯具有良好相溶性的组分是(d)-柠烯,即d-limonene。
关键词 桔皮油 发泡聚苯乙烯塑料 相溶性 气相色谱法 红外光谱 核磁共振 (d)-柠烯 d-1imonene 废物处理 生物降解
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A hybrid method for extraction of protein-protein interactions from literature
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作者 钱伟中 Ungar Lyle +1 位作者 Qin Zhiguang Fu Chong 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2011年第1期32-38,共7页
In this work, a hybrid method is proposed to eliminate the limitations of traditional protein-protein interactions (PPIs) extraction methods, such as pattern learning and machine learning. Each sentence from the bio... In this work, a hybrid method is proposed to eliminate the limitations of traditional protein-protein interactions (PPIs) extraction methods, such as pattern learning and machine learning. Each sentence from the biomedical literature containing a protein pair describes a PPI which is predicted by first learning syntax patterns typical of PPIs from training corpus and then using their presence as features, along with bag-of-word features in a maximum entropy model. Tested on the BioCreAtIve corpus, the PPIs extraction method, which achieved a precision rate of 64%, recall rate of 60%, improved the performance in terms of F1 value by 11% compared with the component pure pattern- based and bag-of-word methods. The results on this test set were also compared with other three extraction methods and found to improve the performance remarkably. 展开更多
关键词 protein-protein interaction PPI) machine learning pattern learning maximum entropy part of speech
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A new approach of extracting vegetation points from urban airborne LiDAR data
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作者 CUI Shaochen YANG Yuanxin +1 位作者 YANG Guodong ZHANG Xuqing 《Global Geology》 2018年第3期194-202,共9页
Urban vegetation has been an important indicator for the evaluation of eco-cities, which is of great significance to promote eeo-city construction. We study and discuss the commonly used urban vegetation extrac-tion m... Urban vegetation has been an important indicator for the evaluation of eco-cities, which is of great significance to promote eeo-city construction. We study and discuss the commonly used urban vegetation extrac-tion methods. The extraction of vegetation points in this study is completed through mathematical statistics, mean-square error, successive differences and iterative algorithm which are based on the analysis of different spatial morphological characteristics in urban point clouds. Linyi, a city of Shandong Province in China, is se-lected as the study area to test this method and the result shows that the proposed method has a strong practicali- ty in urban vegetation point cloud extraction. Only 3D coordinate properties of the LiDAR point clouds are used in this method and it does not require additional information, for instance, return intensity, which makes the method more applicable and operable. 展开更多
关键词 airborne LiDAR urban vegetation points two-dimensional grid mesh mean-square error successive differences iterative algorithm
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古汉语“者”:自指和转指如何统一 被引量:9
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作者 吴怀成 沈家煊 《中国语文》 CSSCI 北大核心 2017年第3期277-289,共13页
本文讨论如何对先秦"者"的各种用法做统一的解释。首先说明"者"无法统一为"名词化标记",试图这样统一的努力不成功。然后说明朱德熙将"者"统一为"转指标记"的提议值得肯定的地方和... 本文讨论如何对先秦"者"的各种用法做统一的解释。首先说明"者"无法统一为"名词化标记",试图这样统一的努力不成功。然后说明朱德熙将"者"统一为"转指标记"的提议值得肯定的地方和存在的问题。值得肯定的地方是把自指的"者"和转指的"者"统一解释符合科学研究追求"简洁性"的精神,突破了自指和转指必须对立的成见;存在的问题则是这种处理存在一个理论上的不自洽:如果将VP后的"者"定性为名词化标记,就无法将"者"统一为转指标记;如果将"者"统一为转指标记,就不能将VP后的"者"定性为名词化标记。存在这种问题的原因是没有彻底摆脱印欧语观念的束缚,过分看重主谓结构的地位和默认"名动分立"。针对问题和问题的成因,本文提出的统一方式是将"者"根本上定性为自指性的"提顿复指词",它的转指功能是衍生的,这个解释在逻辑顺序和历史顺序上达成一致。 展开更多
关键词 先秦“者” 顿复
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