Highly dispersed tungsten carbide（WC） nanoparticles（NPs） sandwiched between few-layer reduced graphene oxide（RGO） have been successfully synthesized by using thiourea as an anchoring and inducing reagent.The met...Highly dispersed tungsten carbide（WC） nanoparticles（NPs） sandwiched between few-layer reduced graphene oxide（RGO） have been successfully synthesized by using thiourea as an anchoring and inducing reagent.The metatungstate ion,[H2W（12）O（40）]^6-,is assembled on thiourea-modified graphene oxide（GO） by an impregnation method.The WC NPs,with a mean diameter of 1.5 nm,are obtained through a process whereby ammonium metatungstate first turns to WS2,which then forms an intercalation compound with RGO before growing,in situ,to WC NPs.The Pt/WC-RGO electrocatalysts are fabricated by a microwave-assisted method.The intimate contacts between Pt,WC,and RGO are confirmed by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,and Raman spectroscopy.For methanol oxidation,the Pt/WC-RGO electrocatalyst exhibited an electrochemical surface area value of 246.1 m^2/g Pt and a peak current density of1364.7 mA/mg Pt,which are,respectively,3.66 and 4.77 times greater than those of commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst（67.2 m^2/g Pt,286.0 mA/mg Pt）.The excellent CO-poisoning resistance and long-term stability of the electrocatalyst are also evidenced by CO stripping,chronoamperometry,and accelerated durability testing.Because Pt/WC-RGO has higher catalytic activity compared with that of commercial Pt/C,as a result of its intercalated structure and synergistic effect,less Pt will be required for the same performance,which in turn will reduce the cost of the fuel cell.The present method is facile,efficient,and scalable for mass production of the nanomaterials.展开更多
The synthetic routes, materials properties and future applications of clay-polymer nanocomposites are reviewed. Nannocomposites are composite materials.that contain particles in the size rang 1-100 nm. The particles g...The synthetic routes, materials properties and future applications of clay-polymer nanocomposites are reviewed. Nannocomposites are composite materials.that contain particles in the size rang 1-100 nm. The particles generally have a high aspect ratio and a layered structure that maximizes bonding between the polymer and particle. Adding a small quantity of these additives (0.5%～5%) can increase many of the properties of polymer materials, such as tensile characteristics, heat distortion temperature, scratch resistance, gas permeability resistance, and flame retardancy. This new type of materials may be prepared via various synthetic routes comprising exfoliation adsorption, in-situ intercalative polymerization and melt intercalation. In this paper we report the new method for preparation EPDM-clay nanocomposites. The EPDM-clay nanocomposites were prepared by using two different approaches (direct and indirect). It is found that there is no difference between both methods but the direct method is easier, its cost is lower and industrially more practical. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed a exfoliation structure. The mechanical properties of these nanocomposites significantly improved.展开更多
基金supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(2010DFB63680)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376220)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY16B060009,LY12B03008)~~
文摘Highly dispersed tungsten carbide（WC） nanoparticles（NPs） sandwiched between few-layer reduced graphene oxide（RGO） have been successfully synthesized by using thiourea as an anchoring and inducing reagent.The metatungstate ion,[H2W（12）O（40）]^6-,is assembled on thiourea-modified graphene oxide（GO） by an impregnation method.The WC NPs,with a mean diameter of 1.5 nm,are obtained through a process whereby ammonium metatungstate first turns to WS2,which then forms an intercalation compound with RGO before growing,in situ,to WC NPs.The Pt/WC-RGO electrocatalysts are fabricated by a microwave-assisted method.The intimate contacts between Pt,WC,and RGO are confirmed by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,and Raman spectroscopy.For methanol oxidation,the Pt/WC-RGO electrocatalyst exhibited an electrochemical surface area value of 246.1 m^2/g Pt and a peak current density of1364.7 mA/mg Pt,which are,respectively,3.66 and 4.77 times greater than those of commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst（67.2 m^2/g Pt,286.0 mA/mg Pt）.The excellent CO-poisoning resistance and long-term stability of the electrocatalyst are also evidenced by CO stripping,chronoamperometry,and accelerated durability testing.Because Pt/WC-RGO has higher catalytic activity compared with that of commercial Pt/C,as a result of its intercalated structure and synergistic effect,less Pt will be required for the same performance,which in turn will reduce the cost of the fuel cell.The present method is facile,efficient,and scalable for mass production of the nanomaterials.
文摘The synthetic routes, materials properties and future applications of clay-polymer nanocomposites are reviewed. Nannocomposites are composite materials.that contain particles in the size rang 1-100 nm. The particles generally have a high aspect ratio and a layered structure that maximizes bonding between the polymer and particle. Adding a small quantity of these additives (0.5%～5%) can increase many of the properties of polymer materials, such as tensile characteristics, heat distortion temperature, scratch resistance, gas permeability resistance, and flame retardancy. This new type of materials may be prepared via various synthetic routes comprising exfoliation adsorption, in-situ intercalative polymerization and melt intercalation. In this paper we report the new method for preparation EPDM-clay nanocomposites. The EPDM-clay nanocomposites were prepared by using two different approaches (direct and indirect). It is found that there is no difference between both methods but the direct method is easier, its cost is lower and industrially more practical. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed a exfoliation structure. The mechanical properties of these nanocomposites significantly improved.
