The paper deals with the tests on the first 500 kV compact transmission line. The transmission line stretches from Fangshan Substation to Changping Substation nearby Beijing with a length of 83 km. In order to investi...The paper deals with the tests on the first 500 kV compact transmission line. The transmission line stretches from Fangshan Substation to Changping Substation nearby Beijing with a length of 83 km. In order to investigate the characteristics of the transmission line, many tests were performed on the line before and after its operation. The results indicate that all electrical parameters are perfectly identical to the design.展开更多
For its complexity, engineering construction schedule design is limited by various factors.Simulation-based engineering construction schedule takes critical path method (CPM) network as frame and calls complex cyclic ...For its complexity, engineering construction schedule design is limited by various factors.Simulation-based engineering construction schedule takes critical path method (CPM) network as frame and calls complex cyclic operation network (CYCLONE) simulation model enclosed in advance for its simulation nodes. CYCLONE simulation model takes charge of simulating stochastic duration of activity and efficiency of resources, while CPM model performs project scheduling. This combination avoids the shortcomings of both models. Furthermore, geographic information system (GIS) technique is utilized to visualize the construction processes which are otherwise difficult to be understood by static results described. Application in practical project verifies the feasibility and advantage of the technique.展开更多
It is noted that any variation in operating conditions has a considerable effect on the tire/road interaction. Furthermore,choosing a range of proper values for carcass stiffness is very essential for both tire safety...It is noted that any variation in operating conditions has a considerable effect on the tire/road interaction. Furthermore,choosing a range of proper values for carcass stiffness is very essential for both tire safety and effective driving action. In this work,an elaborated 3D model fully compliant with the geometrical size of radial tire 185/60 R15 is worked up, for evaluating the effects of components properties and working conditions on deformation and stress/strain fields created inside the tire. For the simulation, the tire structure is assumed to be composed of tread, carcass ply, and bead. The mechanical behavior of rubber as main component of tire is described by Mooney-Rivlin material model. The comparison of the obtained results and laboratory tests demonstrates the validity and high accuracy of analysis.展开更多
Cognitive radio(CR) can bring about remarkable improvement in spectrum utilization.Different cognition cycles have been proposed in recent years.However,most of the existing works only emphasize functional or operatio...Cognitive radio(CR) can bring about remarkable improvement in spectrum utilization.Different cognition cycles have been proposed in recent years.However,most of the existing works only emphasize functional or operational aspects of cognition cycle,regardless of other indispensable aspects and the connection between them.To deal with the emerging situation of "data rich,information vague,knowledge poor" in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),we propose the hierarchical cognition cycle(HCC) as a new transdisciplinary research field in this paper.HCC investigates a fundamental problem,which is how to manage available resources in the complex environment to meet various demands in CRN.A comprehensive theoretical framework of HCC is established in terms of the core,the essence loop,the function loop,the operation loop,and the external loop of HCC.The reduction of uncertainty in CRN is studied and several new metrics in HCC are defined.Furthermore,a few research challenges ahead are presented as well.展开更多
Four different PV （photovoltaic） systems deployed around Tucson Arizona on geomembranes are used to test the feasibility of converting mine tailings and landfills into solar energy generating sites. Differences betw...Four different PV （photovoltaic） systems deployed around Tucson Arizona on geomembranes are used to test the feasibility of converting mine tailings and landfills into solar energy generating sites. Differences between these deployed systems include： two types of geomembrane materials, two different module anatomies and two different locations. Module mounting techniques unique to mine tailing sites are described. Several system failures observed during the first two years of operation are explained here in detail. Validated predictions for the operating temperature of these systems and their associated electrical performance are presented. It was determined that PV modules mounted on light-colored thermoplastic with shielded wiring operate at lower temperatures, are structurally stable, and experience fewer wiring failures.展开更多
文摘The paper deals with the tests on the first 500 kV compact transmission line. The transmission line stretches from Fangshan Substation to Changping Substation nearby Beijing with a length of 83 km. In order to investigate the characteristics of the transmission line, many tests were performed on the line before and after its operation. The results indicate that all electrical parameters are perfectly identical to the design.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China( No. 50179023).
文摘For its complexity, engineering construction schedule design is limited by various factors.Simulation-based engineering construction schedule takes critical path method (CPM) network as frame and calls complex cyclic operation network (CYCLONE) simulation model enclosed in advance for its simulation nodes. CYCLONE simulation model takes charge of simulating stochastic duration of activity and efficiency of resources, while CPM model performs project scheduling. This combination avoids the shortcomings of both models. Furthermore, geographic information system (GIS) technique is utilized to visualize the construction processes which are otherwise difficult to be understood by static results described. Application in practical project verifies the feasibility and advantage of the technique.
文摘It is noted that any variation in operating conditions has a considerable effect on the tire/road interaction. Furthermore,choosing a range of proper values for carcass stiffness is very essential for both tire safety and effective driving action. In this work,an elaborated 3D model fully compliant with the geometrical size of radial tire 185/60 R15 is worked up, for evaluating the effects of components properties and working conditions on deformation and stress/strain fields created inside the tire. For the simulation, the tire structure is assumed to be composed of tread, carcass ply, and bead. The mechanical behavior of rubber as main component of tire is described by Mooney-Rivlin material model. The comparison of the obtained results and laboratory tests demonstrates the validity and high accuracy of analysis.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program) under Grant No.2009CB320400the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.60932002,61172062,61301160the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu,China under Grant No.BK2011116
文摘Cognitive radio(CR) can bring about remarkable improvement in spectrum utilization.Different cognition cycles have been proposed in recent years.However,most of the existing works only emphasize functional or operational aspects of cognition cycle,regardless of other indispensable aspects and the connection between them.To deal with the emerging situation of "data rich,information vague,knowledge poor" in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),we propose the hierarchical cognition cycle(HCC) as a new transdisciplinary research field in this paper.HCC investigates a fundamental problem,which is how to manage available resources in the complex environment to meet various demands in CRN.A comprehensive theoretical framework of HCC is established in terms of the core,the essence loop,the function loop,the operation loop,and the external loop of HCC.The reduction of uncertainty in CRN is studied and several new metrics in HCC are defined.Furthermore,a few research challenges ahead are presented as well.
文摘Four different PV （photovoltaic） systems deployed around Tucson Arizona on geomembranes are used to test the feasibility of converting mine tailings and landfills into solar energy generating sites. Differences between these deployed systems include： two types of geomembrane materials, two different module anatomies and two different locations. Module mounting techniques unique to mine tailing sites are described. Several system failures observed during the first two years of operation are explained here in detail. Validated predictions for the operating temperature of these systems and their associated electrical performance are presented. It was determined that PV modules mounted on light-colored thermoplastic with shielded wiring operate at lower temperatures, are structurally stable, and experience fewer wiring failures.
