综述近年来中医药在冠脉支架术后再狭窄治疗中的应用和研究进展。考虑到此类疾病的治疗多以西医为主,可能存在患者依从性差、药物副作用大等问题,从中医药角度出发,总结现阶段中医药对冠脉支架术后再狭窄的临床技术手段,观察疗效,思考不...综述近年来中医药在冠脉支架术后再狭窄治疗中的应用和研究进展。考虑到此类疾病的治疗多以西医为主,可能存在患者依从性差、药物副作用大等问题,从中医药角度出发,总结现阶段中医药对冠脉支架术后再狭窄的临床技术手段,观察疗效,思考不足,以期为临床工作者提供防治冠脉支架术后再狭窄的研究思路。To summarize the application and research progress of Chinese medicine in the treatment of restenosis after coronary stenting in recent years. Considering that the treatment of such diseases is mostly based on Western medicine, which may have problems such as poor patient compliance and large drug side effects, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, we summarize the clinical technical means of traditional Chinese medicine for post-coronary stenting restenosis at the present stage, observe the therapeutic efficacy, and reflect on the shortcomings, with a view to providing clinical workers with research ideas on preventing and treating post-coronary stenting restenosis.展开更多
【目的】观察解毒活血方干预经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后患者外周血中核因子kappaB(NF-κB)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化及支架内再狭窄(ISR)的发生情况,以期阐明解毒活血方防治ISR的远期疗效及机制。【方...【目的】观察解毒活血方干预经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后患者外周血中核因子kappaB(NF-κB)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化及支架内再狭窄(ISR)的发生情况,以期阐明解毒活血方防治ISR的远期疗效及机制。【方法】选择符合PCI术后纳入标准的患者40例,将PCI术后给予基础治疗者设为对照组,将PCI术后给予基础治疗+解毒活血方治疗者设为中药组,每组各20例。治疗结束后,观察2组临床疗效。于PCI术前及术后24 h、14 d,采用流式细胞仪检测2组患者外周血单个核细胞NF-κB活性,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测2组患者血浆IL-1β及TNF-α表达水平。观察患者术后6个月内心血管事件及ISR的发生情况。【结果】中药组患者的临床疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.05),证候积分及PCI术后6个月内心血管事件和ISR的发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2组患者PCI术后24 h NF-κB阳性表达率及TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平较治疗前显著升高(P<0.01),但2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者PCI术后14 d NF-κB阳性表达率及TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平较术后24 h显著降低(P<0.01),且中药组降低效果明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】解毒活血方可降低ISR的发生率,其机制可能与降低NF-κB活性及血浆IL-1β、TNF-α表达水平有关。展开更多
Context: Restenosis within bare-metal stents is often treated with repeat percutaneous coronary intervention, although subsequent recurrence rates are high, with vascular brachytherapy(VBT) affording the best results....Context: Restenosis within bare-metal stents is often treated with repeat percutaneous coronary intervention, although subsequent recurrence rates are high, with vascular brachytherapy(VBT) affording the best results. The effectiveness of drug-eluting stents in this setting has not been established. Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of the polymer-based, slow-release paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with restenotic lesions after prior stent implantation in native coronary arteries. Design, Setting, and Patients: Prospective, multicenter, randomized trial conducted between June 6, 2003, and July 16, 2004, at 37 North American academic and community-based institutions in 396 patients with in-stent restenosis of a previously implanted bare-metal coronary stent(vessel diameter, 2.5-3.75 mm; lesion length, ≤ 46 mm). Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to undergo angioplasty followed by VBT with a β source(n=201) or paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation(n=195). Clinical and angiographic follow-up at 9 months was scheduled in all patients. Main Outcome Measure: Ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization at 9 months. Results: Diabetes mellitus was present in 139 patients(35.1% ). Median reference vessel diameter was 2.65 mm and median lesion length was 15.3 mm. In the VBT group, new stents were implanted in 22 patients(10.9% )and in the paclitaxel-eluting stent group, multiple stents were required in 57 patients(29.2% ), with median stent length of 24 mm. Follow-up at 9 months was complete in 194 patients in the VBT group and 191 patients in the paclitaxel-eluting stent group(96.5% and 97.9% , respectively). For VBT and paclitaxel-eluting stents, respectively, the number of events and 9-month rates for ischemic target lesion revascularization were 27(13.9% ) vs 12(6.3% )(relative risk [RR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.86; P=.01); for ischemic target vessel revascularization, 34(17.5% ) vs 20(10.5% )(RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36-1.00; P=.046); and for overall major adverse cardiac events, 39(20.1% ) vs 22(11.5% )(RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35-0.93; P=.02), with similar rates of cardiac death or myocardial infarction(10 [5.2% ] vs 7 [3.7% ]; RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.28-1.83; P=.48) and target vessel thrombosis(5 [2.6% ] vs 3 [1.6% ]; RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.15-2.50; P=.72). Angiographic restenosis at 9 months was 31.2% (53 of 170 patients) with VBT and 14.5% (25 of 172 patients) with paclitaxel-eluting stents(RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.30-0.71; P< .001). Conclusion: Treatment of bare-metal in-stent restenotic lesions with paclitaxel-eluting stents rather than angioplasty followed by VBT reduces clinical and angiographic restenosis at 9 months and improves event-free survival. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials. gov Identifier: NCT00287573.展开更多
Context: Although vascular brachytherapy is the only approved therapy for restenosis following bare-metal stent implantation, drug-eluting stents are now being used. Data on the relative merits of each are limited. Ob...Context: Although vascular brachytherapy is the only approved therapy for restenosis following bare-metal stent implantation, drug-eluting stents are now being used. Data on the relative merits of each are limited. Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of the sirolimus-eluting stent compared with vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of patients with restenosis within a bare metal stent. Design, Setting, and Patients: Prospective, multicenter, randomized trial of 384 patients with in-stent restenosis who were enrolled between February 2003 and July 2004 at 26 academic and community medical centers. Data presented represent all follow-up as of June 30, 2005. Interventions: Vascular brachytherapy(n=125) or the sirolimus-eluting stent(n=259). Main Outcome Measure: Target vessel failure(cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization)at 9 months postprocedure. Results: Baseline patient characteristics were well matched. Lesion length was similar between vascular brachytherapy and sirolimus-eluting stent patients(mean [SD], 16.76 [8.55] mm vs 17.22 [7.97] mm, respectively; P=.61). Procedural success was 99.2% (124/125) in the vascular brachytherapy group and 97.3% (250/257) in the sirolimus-eluting stent group(P=.28). The rate of target vessel failure was 21.6% (27/125) with vascular brachytherapy and 12.4% (32/259) with the sirolimus-eluting stent(relative risk [RR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.8; P=.02). Target lesion revascularization was required in 19.2% (24/125) of the vascular brachytherapy group and 8.5% (22/259) of the sirolimus-eluting stent group(RR, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3-3.9]; P=.004). At follow-up angiography, the rate of binary angiographic restenosis for the analysis segment was 29.5% (31/105) for the vascular brachytherapy group and 19.8% (45/227) for the sirolimus-eluting stent group(RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0-2.2]; P=.07). Compared with the vascular brachytherapy group, minimal lumen diameter was larger in the sirolimus-eluting stent group at 6-month follow-up(mean [SD], 1.52 [0.63] mm vs 1.80 [0.63] mm; P< .001), reflecting greater net lumen gain in the analysis segment(0.68 [0.60] vs 1.0 [0.61] mm; P< .001) due to stenting and no edge restenosis. Conclusion: Sirolimus-eluting stents result in superior clinical and angiographic outcomes compared with vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of restenosis within a bare-metal stent. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00231257.展开更多
文摘综述近年来中医药在冠脉支架术后再狭窄治疗中的应用和研究进展。考虑到此类疾病的治疗多以西医为主,可能存在患者依从性差、药物副作用大等问题,从中医药角度出发,总结现阶段中医药对冠脉支架术后再狭窄的临床技术手段,观察疗效,思考不足,以期为临床工作者提供防治冠脉支架术后再狭窄的研究思路。To summarize the application and research progress of Chinese medicine in the treatment of restenosis after coronary stenting in recent years. Considering that the treatment of such diseases is mostly based on Western medicine, which may have problems such as poor patient compliance and large drug side effects, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, we summarize the clinical technical means of traditional Chinese medicine for post-coronary stenting restenosis at the present stage, observe the therapeutic efficacy, and reflect on the shortcomings, with a view to providing clinical workers with research ideas on preventing and treating post-coronary stenting restenosis.
文摘【目的】观察解毒活血方干预经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后患者外周血中核因子kappaB(NF-κB)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化及支架内再狭窄(ISR)的发生情况,以期阐明解毒活血方防治ISR的远期疗效及机制。【方法】选择符合PCI术后纳入标准的患者40例,将PCI术后给予基础治疗者设为对照组,将PCI术后给予基础治疗+解毒活血方治疗者设为中药组,每组各20例。治疗结束后,观察2组临床疗效。于PCI术前及术后24 h、14 d,采用流式细胞仪检测2组患者外周血单个核细胞NF-κB活性,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测2组患者血浆IL-1β及TNF-α表达水平。观察患者术后6个月内心血管事件及ISR的发生情况。【结果】中药组患者的临床疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.05),证候积分及PCI术后6个月内心血管事件和ISR的发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2组患者PCI术后24 h NF-κB阳性表达率及TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平较治疗前显著升高(P<0.01),但2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者PCI术后14 d NF-κB阳性表达率及TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平较术后24 h显著降低(P<0.01),且中药组降低效果明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】解毒活血方可降低ISR的发生率,其机制可能与降低NF-κB活性及血浆IL-1β、TNF-α表达水平有关。
文摘Context: Restenosis within bare-metal stents is often treated with repeat percutaneous coronary intervention, although subsequent recurrence rates are high, with vascular brachytherapy(VBT) affording the best results. The effectiveness of drug-eluting stents in this setting has not been established. Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of the polymer-based, slow-release paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with restenotic lesions after prior stent implantation in native coronary arteries. Design, Setting, and Patients: Prospective, multicenter, randomized trial conducted between June 6, 2003, and July 16, 2004, at 37 North American academic and community-based institutions in 396 patients with in-stent restenosis of a previously implanted bare-metal coronary stent(vessel diameter, 2.5-3.75 mm; lesion length, ≤ 46 mm). Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to undergo angioplasty followed by VBT with a β source(n=201) or paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation(n=195). Clinical and angiographic follow-up at 9 months was scheduled in all patients. Main Outcome Measure: Ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization at 9 months. Results: Diabetes mellitus was present in 139 patients(35.1% ). Median reference vessel diameter was 2.65 mm and median lesion length was 15.3 mm. In the VBT group, new stents were implanted in 22 patients(10.9% )and in the paclitaxel-eluting stent group, multiple stents were required in 57 patients(29.2% ), with median stent length of 24 mm. Follow-up at 9 months was complete in 194 patients in the VBT group and 191 patients in the paclitaxel-eluting stent group(96.5% and 97.9% , respectively). For VBT and paclitaxel-eluting stents, respectively, the number of events and 9-month rates for ischemic target lesion revascularization were 27(13.9% ) vs 12(6.3% )(relative risk [RR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.86; P=.01); for ischemic target vessel revascularization, 34(17.5% ) vs 20(10.5% )(RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36-1.00; P=.046); and for overall major adverse cardiac events, 39(20.1% ) vs 22(11.5% )(RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35-0.93; P=.02), with similar rates of cardiac death or myocardial infarction(10 [5.2% ] vs 7 [3.7% ]; RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.28-1.83; P=.48) and target vessel thrombosis(5 [2.6% ] vs 3 [1.6% ]; RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.15-2.50; P=.72). Angiographic restenosis at 9 months was 31.2% (53 of 170 patients) with VBT and 14.5% (25 of 172 patients) with paclitaxel-eluting stents(RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.30-0.71; P< .001). Conclusion: Treatment of bare-metal in-stent restenotic lesions with paclitaxel-eluting stents rather than angioplasty followed by VBT reduces clinical and angiographic restenosis at 9 months and improves event-free survival. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials. gov Identifier: NCT00287573.
文摘Context: Although vascular brachytherapy is the only approved therapy for restenosis following bare-metal stent implantation, drug-eluting stents are now being used. Data on the relative merits of each are limited. Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of the sirolimus-eluting stent compared with vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of patients with restenosis within a bare metal stent. Design, Setting, and Patients: Prospective, multicenter, randomized trial of 384 patients with in-stent restenosis who were enrolled between February 2003 and July 2004 at 26 academic and community medical centers. Data presented represent all follow-up as of June 30, 2005. Interventions: Vascular brachytherapy(n=125) or the sirolimus-eluting stent(n=259). Main Outcome Measure: Target vessel failure(cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization)at 9 months postprocedure. Results: Baseline patient characteristics were well matched. Lesion length was similar between vascular brachytherapy and sirolimus-eluting stent patients(mean [SD], 16.76 [8.55] mm vs 17.22 [7.97] mm, respectively; P=.61). Procedural success was 99.2% (124/125) in the vascular brachytherapy group and 97.3% (250/257) in the sirolimus-eluting stent group(P=.28). The rate of target vessel failure was 21.6% (27/125) with vascular brachytherapy and 12.4% (32/259) with the sirolimus-eluting stent(relative risk [RR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.8; P=.02). Target lesion revascularization was required in 19.2% (24/125) of the vascular brachytherapy group and 8.5% (22/259) of the sirolimus-eluting stent group(RR, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3-3.9]; P=.004). At follow-up angiography, the rate of binary angiographic restenosis for the analysis segment was 29.5% (31/105) for the vascular brachytherapy group and 19.8% (45/227) for the sirolimus-eluting stent group(RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0-2.2]; P=.07). Compared with the vascular brachytherapy group, minimal lumen diameter was larger in the sirolimus-eluting stent group at 6-month follow-up(mean [SD], 1.52 [0.63] mm vs 1.80 [0.63] mm; P< .001), reflecting greater net lumen gain in the analysis segment(0.68 [0.60] vs 1.0 [0.61] mm; P< .001) due to stenting and no edge restenosis. Conclusion: Sirolimus-eluting stents result in superior clinical and angiographic outcomes compared with vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of restenosis within a bare-metal stent. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00231257.