高考改革:改“标”不改“本”

2010教育规划出台,两会召开,教育热点的高考改革一如既往地激起全国人大代表和人民的最大关注。大家对高考改革的切入点和途径、方案各持己见,若将高考改革的主要元素引入医学的"标""本"类比探究,分清主次,分清急缓因时因地更好地逐步解决问题是值得尝试的思路。

基于改进IDI指标体系的G20成员国信息通信技术发展水平研究

在国际电信联盟曾使用的信息通信技术(ICT)发展指数(IDI)基础上,提出改进的信息通信技术发展指数。通过分析2007—2020年二十国集团(G20)的19个成员国的IDI指数和ICT相关指标揭示了G20成员国在信息通信技术发展方面的特点和差异性。分析发现G20成员国信息通信技术发展水平均有较大幅度的提升,国家之间的信息通信技术发展差距逐渐缩小,但增长速度和发展水平仍存在较大差异;G20成员国中韩国、日本、法国、德国和英国的信息通信技术发展水平最高,美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯的信息通信技术发展居于G20成员国的中上水平,意大利、阿根廷、中国、巴西、土耳其的发展居于中下水平,墨西哥、南非、印度尼西亚和印度的信息通信技术发展水平较低。

Numerical Calculations and Cold Tests for Flow Fields of a 220t/h Retrofitted Oil-Boiler

In this paper, cold simulation experiments and numerical calculations are conducted to predict 3 D flow field aerodynamics for an oil furnace after being retrofitted due to its fuel variation. K ε model and SIMPLE program under body fit coordination (BFC) system, in which TTM non orthogonal method is used to control the irregular geometric boundary, are adopted to solve the control equations. Model tests are conducted to check the calculation results, showing that they are in agreement with each other. Three different alternatives with different side window locations are also calculated to optimize the designs. The field retrofitting results show that the combination of cold tests with numerical calculations has prosperous application in retrofitting or renewing medium and small boilers.

Setting China’s Growth Target Based on the Potential Growth Rate

Different from other methodologies for the forecasting of China＇s economic growth rate, this paper forecast of future potential growth rates from the end of China＇s demographic dividends, and then identified it as a growth target. Official promulgation of non-binding targets will guide social expectation, assist in government policy-making, boost confidence in consumers, and provide guidance for producers and investors. Based on our estimation results, we suggest that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, a GDP growth target between 6. 5% and 7% would be appropriate.

Predictive value of ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT for transarterial chemolipiodolization of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM： To investigate the correlation of 18F-fluorodeoxy- glucose （18F-FDG） positron emission tomography （PET） with clinical features and the prediction of treatment response. METHODS： A total of 83 hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET before transar- terial chemolipiodolization with systemic chemo-infusion between October, 2006 and May, 2009 were retrospec-tively enrolled. The patients included 68 men and 15 women （mean age, 60 ~ 10.7 years）. The effect of 18F- FDG-monitored PET uptake on clinical features and on the evaluated treatment response was ascertained with modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The PET parameters of maximal standardized uptake value of the tumor （Tsuvmax）, the ratio of the tumor maximal standardized uptake value （SUV） to the liver maximal SUV （Tsuvmax/Lsuwax） and the ratio of tumor maximal SUV to the liver mean SUV （msuvmax/LSUVrnean） were tested as predictive factors. RESULTS： Among the 3 SUV parameters, the TSUV- =maxdLsuvmean ratio （cutoff value of 1.90） was significantly associated with tumor burden including tumor size, tu- mor number, α-fetoprotein levels and tumor stage （P 〈 0.001, P = 0.008, P = 0.011, P 〈 0.001, respectively）. The objective response rates in patients with a high SUV ratio （≥ 1.90） were significantly better than those with a low SUV ratio （〈 1.90） （P = 0.020）. The overall survival rates of patients exhibiting a low Tsuvmax/Lsu- Vmean ratio （〈 1.90） and those with a high SUV ratio （≥1.90） was 38.2 and 10.3 mo, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. However, the time to progression showed no significant difference between the groups （P = 0.15）. CONCLUSION： 18F-FDG PET can be an important predictor of HCC treatment. In particular, the Tsuvmax/ Lsuwean ratio （cutoff value of 1.90） can provide useful information in treatment prognosis for HCC patients treated with Iocoregional therapy.

Energy, Social and Economic Indicators for Evaluation of Retrofit Buildings： The Brazilian Perspective on Sustainable Development

This paper aims to establish a methodological frame work and its validation as a response to the need of a demand management tool in the face of recurring comparisons of building revitalization or retrofits. As the investment and implementation actions improve and the social economic criteria are delimited by regulatory frameworks, it is extremely necessary to monitor previous performances and further prospects, regarding projects, it is necessary to measure the extent of which efforts have been meeting regulatory requirements and aiming to contribute with sustainable development. In this context, the use of indicators has been a major management tool.

The Innovations and Shortages of the New Budget Law

The introduction of the new budget law is one of the most important achievements of the construction of national legal system. It is a landmark event in building financial system. The new budget law has made a lot of breakthroughs and innovations in the budget managemenL to lead direction for further deepen fiscal reform. However, the modification of the budget law can only adopt the principle of limited modification, there are still many problems. This paper discusses the innovation and deficiency of the new budget law under the background of budget law modification, and makes suggestions to further improve the budget law.

Seismic signal recognition using improved BP neural network and combined feature extraction method

Seismic signal is generally employed in moving target monitoring due to its robust characteristic.A recognition method for vehicle and personnel with seismic signal sensing system was proposed based on improved neural network.For analyzing the seismic signal of the moving objects,the seismic signal of person and vehicle was acquisitioned from the seismic sensor,and then feature vectors were extracted with combined methods after filter processing.Finally,these features were put into the improved BP neural network designed for effective signal classification.Compared with previous ways,it is demonstrated that the proposed system presents higher recognition accuracy and validity based on the experimental results.It also shows the effectiveness of the improved BP neural network.

Comprehensive Assessment of Seawater Quality Based on an Improved Attribute Recognition Model

The attribute recognition model (ARM) has been widely used to make comprehensive assessment in many engineering fields, such as environment, ecology, and economy. However, large numbers of experiments indicate that the value of weight vector has no relativity to its initial value but depends on the data of Quality Standard and actual samples. In the present study, the ARM is enhanced with the technique of data driving, which means some more groups of data from the Quality Standard are selected with the uniform random method to make the calculation of weight values more rational and more scientific. This improved attribute recognition model (IARM) is applied to a real case of assessment on seawater quality. The given example shows that the IARM has the merits of being simple in principle, easy to operate, and capable of producing objective results, and is therefore of use in evaluation problems in marine environment science.

Characterization of a novel rat cholangiocarcinoma cell culture model-CGCCA

AIM： TO characterize a culture model of rat CCA cells, which were derived from a transplantable TTA-induced CCA and designated as Chang Gung CCA （CGCCA）. METHODS： The CGCCA cells were cultured at in vitro passage 12 times on a culture dish in DMEM medium. To measure the doubling time, 103 cells were plated in a 96-well plate containing the growth medium. The cells were harvested 4 to 10 d after seeding, and a standard MTT assay was used to measure the growth. The phenotype of CACCA cell and xenograft was determined by immunohistochemical study. We also determine the chromosomal alterations of CGCCA, G-banding and spectral karyotyping studies were performed. The CGCCA cell line was transplanted into the nude mice for examining its tumorigenicity. 2-Deoxy-2-（18F）fluoro-D- glucose （FDG） autoradiography was also performed to evaluate the FDG uptake of the tumor xenograft. RESULTS： The doubling time for the CGCCA cell line was 32 h. After transplantation into nude mice, FDG autoradiography showed that the tumors formed at the cell transplantation site had a latency period of 4-6 wk with high FDG uptake excluding necrosis tissue. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining revealed prominent cytoplasmic expression of c-erb-B2, CK19, c-Met, COX-n, EGFR, MUC4, and a negative expression of K-ras. All data confirmed the phenotypic features of the CGCCA cell line coincide with the xenograft mice tumors, indicating cells containing the tumorigenicity of CCA originated from CCA. In addition, karyotypic band- ing analysis showed that the diploid （2n） cell status combines with ring and giant rod marker chromosomes in these clones; either both types simultaneously appeared or only one type of marker chromosome in a pair appeared in a cell. The major materials contained in the marker chromosome were primarily identified from chromosome 4. CONCLUSION： The current CGCCA cell line may be used as a non-K-ras effect CCA model and to obtain information and reveal novel pathways for CCA. Further applications regarding tumor markers or therapeutic targeting of CCA should be addressed accordingly.

Retro-Analysis of Rehabilitation of Existing Bridge over the River Cubiculo on Federal Highway BR-101, Brazil

This work describes the retro-analysis of design of rehabilitation of existing bridge over the river Cubiculo on BR-101 in Santa Catarina, Brazil, aiming to evaluate the intervention processes. In this way, it was verified that the project adopted for strengthening of the structure was not adequate to support the evolution of the maximum load over time and the overload due to widening, and it was also verified that the changes in the load factor do not comply with the update of the Brazilian Technical Standards ABNT： NBR-7188 [1]. The retro-analysis of the bridge rehabilitation project has demonstrated fundamental importance to avoid possible design failings, accidents, and reworks. Affirming that it is essential to comply with Standards and Technical Manuals on the elaboration of the rehabilitation project of structures and in choosing the type of intervention to the existing structure.

Problems and Solutions： A Cultural and Textual Approach to the E-C Translation of Response to Modernity-A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism

This paper reviews the translation process of Michael Meyer’s Response to Modernity-A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism. As the translator of this book, the author points out the problems confronted in the course of translation from the lexical, phrasal, sentential, and textual levels, meanwhile provides the corresponding translating strategies to solve these difficulties. The cultural strategy bridges the gap between the original work and the target language readers while the textual approach enhances the readability of the translated version. The translation of Response to Modernity into Chinese is of significant reference value for Chinese scholars dedicated to Jewish studies.

Risk reduction in Sechahun iron ore deposit by geological boundary modification using multiple indicator Kriging

Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone(w(Fe)>45%)and poor iron zone(20%<w(Fe)<45%).It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body(poor plus rich)from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.

Self-organized Criticality in a Modified Evolution Model on Generalized Barabasi-Albert Scale-Free Networks

A modified evolution model of self-organized criticality on generalized Barabasi-Albert （GBA）.scale-free networks is investigated. In our model, we find that spatial and temporal correlations exhibit critical behaviors. More importantly, these critical behaviors change with the parameter b, which weights the distance in comparison with the degree in the GBA network evolution.

Detecting white matter alterations in multiple sclerosis using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. We investigated the sensitivity of the diffusion metrics in 36 sets of regions of interest in the brain white matter of six female patients(age 52.8 ± 4.3 years) with multiple sclerosis. Each region of interest set included a conventional T2-defined lesion, a matched perilesion area, and normal-appearing white matter. Six patients with multiple sclerosis(n = 5) or clinically isolated syndrome(n = 1) at a mild to moderate disability level were recruited. The patients exhibited microstructural alterations from normal-appearing white matter transitioning to perilesion areas and lesions, consistent with decreased tissue restriction, decreased axonal density, and increased classic diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. The findings suggest that diffusion compartment modeling and q-spa ce analysis appeared to be sensitive for detecting subtle microstructural alterations between perilesion areas and normal-appearing white matter.

Construction and Upgrade of Urban Power Grids:Achievements and Tasks

The significant achievements in construction and upgrade of China’s urban grids in the past two years and more are enumerated with respect to scale of grids, configuration of medium-and high-voltage grids, technical and localizing level of equipment, as well as social and economic benefits. At the same time, the new tasks for the year 2001 is put forth for volume of investment to be completed, projects progressing and operating benefit indexes, etc.

Under the perspective based on ＂collective action system＂ of public hospital reform return to public welfare standard

In recent years, with this social problem of＂Medical treatment is difficult and expensive＂ has not been effectively addressed, ＂Doctor-patient conflicts＂ phenomenon emerge in endlessly, medical costs increase every year, the city public hospital reform continues to be the focus of attention of government and society In this paper, the theory of governance of public ponds of Elinor Ostrom and Mancur Olson＇s theory of logic of collective action as the theoretical basis of this study, Through the entire medical stakeholders together to form a medical community, the formation of multiple, independent management of public hospitals and the whole public health care system.

Research on the Challenges and Countermeasures of Chinese Language and Literature Education under Teaching Reform Background

In this paper, we conduct research on the challenges and the countermeasures of Chinese language and literature education underteaching reform background. Chinese literature professional training objectives, it is for the country to create high literary accomplishment of thestudents. Make students in carrying forward the Chinese culture at the same time, to fi nd beauty, appreciate beauty and create beauty, and improvetheir personality and taste. Society for Chinese language and literature talent is looking forward to more and more high, therefore, the Chineselanguage and the literature professional teachers need to focus on the employment situation, based on fundamental professional knowledge,strengthen students on the basis of this, the application of Chinese language and literature teaching, let the students application ability graduallyimprove, to adapt to the demand in today’s society. Under this basis, this paper proposes the new idea that is innovative.

A systematic strategy for multi-period heat exchanger network retrofit under multiple practical restrictions

A systematic strategy for retrofit of the multi-period heat exchanger network （HEN） on the basis of the multi- objective optimization is developed. In this three-stage procedure, a simplified multi-objective optimization model of the multi-period lIEN is first established and then solved to target the retrofit, aiming to minimizing the total annual cost and total annual CO2 emissions. The obtained Pareto front represents series of retrofit targets under different emission limitations, from which the most desirable one can be selected. The matching of the existing and the required heat exchangers is further implemented to finalize the retrofit, which will meet the practical retrofit requirements and matching restrictions. The application of the proposed procedure is illustrated through a case study of a HEN in a vacuum gas oil hydro-treating unit.

Effective Utilization of Coal Fly Ash in Building Material Production

This paper is aimed at verifying utilization possibilities of alkaline modified coal fly ash as cement replacement in the concrete. The influence of alkaline activated coal fly ash originating from Slovakian power plant in Novsky （Si/Al = 3,1） as a partial cement replacement in concrete on compressive strength of hardened composites after 28 and 90 days was investigated. Alkaline activation of coal fly ash was realized in an autoclave at 130 ℃ and pressure of 160 kPa during 5 hours and in a reactor under normal conditions （equal temperature during 36 hours） at solid/liquid ratio of 0.5. Coal fly ash/cement mixtures were prepared with 25 % cement replacement by starting and modified coal fly ash and given in forms. Compressive strengths of composites after 28 and 90 days of hardening were compared to referential composite without coal fly ash and evaluated according to the standard of STN EN 450 by the value of relative strength KR （compressive strength of coal fly ash/cement composite to compressive strength of comparative concrete）. The final compressive strengths of hardened composites based on alkaline activated coal fly ash reached values in the range of 6 up to 50 MPa. In the set of experimental composites based on alkaline activated coal fly ashes, the highest value of relative strength after 28- and 90- days of hardening reached composite with cement replacement by coal fly ash zeolitized in autoclave （105% of compressive strength of referential sample）, what is connected with formation of zeolitic phases on surface of coal fly ash particles. The achieved results confirm that alkaline activation of coal fly ash in an autoclave under observed conditions can be successfully used as a partial cement replacement in concrete of C20/25 and C25/30 in accordance with requirements of standards （STN EN 450 and STN EN 206）.