本文报导了对改良单交种有效的理论和方法。采用数量性状基因分组的概念,依据加性——显性模型,本文给出了自交系及其杂交组合的基因型值;推导出了测交世代的遗传方差;推算出了9个遗传估计子,它们是:显性度(a),单个基因的效应(d,h),各...本文报导了对改良单交种有效的理论和方法。采用数量性状基因分组的概念,依据加性——显性模型,本文给出了自交系及其杂交组合的基因型值;推导出了测交世代的遗传方差;推算出了9个遗传估计子,它们是:显性度(a),单个基因的效应(d,h),各位点组的基因数(B,C,D,E,F,G)和基础值(X)。利用所估计的遗传参数,可以有效地指导杂交种改良:①应用 G 值较大的自交系(IP)作为供体亲本,改良杂交种;②可以决定用供体亲本(IP)改良单交种的哪一个自交系(I_1或 I_2);③可以决定如何改良杂交种;④可以测定改良杂交种的潜力。展开更多
用于杂交种改良的供体亲本的选择一直是人为的,没有完善的数量遗传理论指导。本文采用数量性状基因分组的概念,依据加性——显性模型,给出了评价群体供体亲本的9个遗传参数,可以有效地指导杂交种改良:①EP_4值较大的群体可作为供体亲本...用于杂交种改良的供体亲本的选择一直是人为的,没有完善的数量遗传理论指导。本文采用数量性状基因分组的概念,依据加性——显性模型,给出了评价群体供体亲本的9个遗传参数,可以有效地指导杂交种改良:①EP_4值较大的群体可作为供体亲本;②若 Cp_2+Dq_s>Cq_2+DP_s,则应用群体 P 改良 I_1,反之,则应用 P 改良 I_2;③可以运用遗传参数进行杂交种改良的育种决策;④显性度大小对于育种决策有重要影响。展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to elucidate the changes of agronomical traits of indica hybrid rice during its genetic improvement.[Method]23 typical indica hybrid combinations cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of Ya...[Objective]The aim was to elucidate the changes of agronomical traits of indica hybrid rice during its genetic improvement.[Method]23 typical indica hybrid combinations cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River during the last 30 years were selected as experimental materials.All the hybrid rice combinations were grown in the same field;and then yield and morphological characters of single plant were compared;correlation and path analyses among agronomic characteristics were also conducted.[Result]During the 30 years of genetic improvement,the effective panicle number per plant was progressively decreased,which caused the decrease of grain yield and biomass per plant of hybrid rice combinations in spite of the slightly increased plant height,1 000-grain weight and number of grains per panicle.Although the transformation percentage of the matter in stem and sheath decreased after flowering,leave photosynthetic capacity after flowering was increased as panicle weight.Correlation and path analysis showed that although both biomass per plant and number of grains per panicle were significantly correlated with grain yield per plant,biomass per plant acted as the key factor affecting yield per plant.[Conclusion]It was suggested that in rice high yield cultivation,panicle number was as important as large panicle,and tillering ability should not be neglected in breeding.展开更多
文摘本文报导了对改良单交种有效的理论和方法。采用数量性状基因分组的概念,依据加性——显性模型,本文给出了自交系及其杂交组合的基因型值;推导出了测交世代的遗传方差;推算出了9个遗传估计子,它们是:显性度(a),单个基因的效应(d,h),各位点组的基因数(B,C,D,E,F,G)和基础值(X)。利用所估计的遗传参数,可以有效地指导杂交种改良:①应用 G 值较大的自交系(IP)作为供体亲本,改良杂交种;②可以决定用供体亲本(IP)改良单交种的哪一个自交系(I_1或 I_2);③可以决定如何改良杂交种;④可以测定改良杂交种的潜力。
文摘用于杂交种改良的供体亲本的选择一直是人为的,没有完善的数量遗传理论指导。本文采用数量性状基因分组的概念,依据加性——显性模型,给出了评价群体供体亲本的9个遗传参数,可以有效地指导杂交种改良:①EP_4值较大的群体可作为供体亲本;②若 Cp_2+Dq_s>Cq_2+DP_s,则应用群体 P 改良 I_1,反之,则应用 P 改良 I_2;③可以运用遗传参数进行杂交种改良的育种决策;④显性度大小对于育种决策有重要影响。
基金Supported by National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2006BAD02A13-3-1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30800674)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to elucidate the changes of agronomical traits of indica hybrid rice during its genetic improvement.[Method]23 typical indica hybrid combinations cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River during the last 30 years were selected as experimental materials.All the hybrid rice combinations were grown in the same field;and then yield and morphological characters of single plant were compared;correlation and path analyses among agronomic characteristics were also conducted.[Result]During the 30 years of genetic improvement,the effective panicle number per plant was progressively decreased,which caused the decrease of grain yield and biomass per plant of hybrid rice combinations in spite of the slightly increased plant height,1 000-grain weight and number of grains per panicle.Although the transformation percentage of the matter in stem and sheath decreased after flowering,leave photosynthetic capacity after flowering was increased as panicle weight.Correlation and path analysis showed that although both biomass per plant and number of grains per panicle were significantly correlated with grain yield per plant,biomass per plant acted as the key factor affecting yield per plant.[Conclusion]It was suggested that in rice high yield cultivation,panicle number was as important as large panicle,and tillering ability should not be neglected in breeding.
