仍不富裕的中国以国内发展和改革为重

中国仍然是一个很不富裕的国家。实现未来的目标面临重重困难,需要完成发展方式的转变和经济结构的调整,世界上最大规模民生的改善,政治、经济、社会体制改革,在建设可持续社会方面付出艰苦努力等四方面艰巨的任务。只有集中足够的精力,才能把自己的事情做好。

中国模式研究的回顾

中国模式的相关研究和报道 近几年来，关于“中国模式”或“中国经验”、“中国发展道路”的讨论受到了国外舆论界和学术界的格外关注。世界银行副行长、世界银行首席经济学家林毅夫在1994年出版的《中国的奇迹：发展战略与经济改革》一书中，从中国发展和转型的经验视角探讨了中国模式。

Methods and Countermeasures for Urban Agricultural Supply-Side Structural Reform in the New Era

Based on the theoretical basis of structural reform of agricultural supply side, the status quo and existing problems of urban agricultural supply side in Tian- jin under the new normal were analyzed. On this basis, the paper analyzed the paths of urban agricultural supply-side structural reform separately from the perspec- tives of factors, investment structure and system innovation, and proposed specific policies and opinions on the structural reform of urban agricultural supply side, pro- viding the theoretical basis and realistic basis for the sustainable development of ur- ban agriculture.

中国经济特区具有重要的现实与理论意义——世界银行首席经济学家兼高级副行长林毅夫教授访谈

林毅夫，现任世界银行首席经济学家兼高级副行长。1986年在美国芝加哥大学获经济学博士学位。出版《中国的奇迹：发展战略与经济改革》（与蔡防、李周合著）和《经济发展与转型：思潮、战略与自生能力》等18部学术专著，在重要国际刊物上和论文集中发表了100多篇有关历史、发展及转型方面的论文。曾担任全国人大代表、全国政协经济委员会副主任、中华全国工商联合会副主席。

Research on Financial Performance of State-owned Enterprise Mixed Ownership Reform

Mixed ownership is an important form of realization of China＇s economic system reform and development, and it is also the main direction of state-owned enterprise reform. In order to further promote the deepening of the reform of mixed ownership, this paper randomly selects 200 listed state-owned enterprises as research objects, and studies the trends of the financial performance of these enterprises from the mixed state-owned enterprises and non-mixed-modification enterprises in the five years from 2013 to 2017, and compares their various trends. Financial indicators, a comprehensive evaluation of the problems and causes in the reform of the mixed ownership system, and then propose countermeasures to further deepen the reform of mixed ownership based on the research conclusions.

INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATION OF SHENYANG CITY

Industrial transformation represents a unique economic phenomenon in China’s regional economy, and old industrial city reconstruction has long been a key problem that affects state security. As a typical old industrial city in China, Shenyang established its heavy industrial city position in the First Five-year Plan period(1953-1957), and this industrial structure has been consolidated for a long time. After 1978, Shenyang began its long lasting industrial reconstruction in an all-round way by 3 main initiatives including restructuring economic system, upgrading traditional industrial technology and developing high-tech industry. In the end of the 1990s, it could be identified that remarkable structural changes took place in city economy at large as well as individual industrial sector. According to the GDP proportion change, Shenyang is on the way to a high level industrial structure. The secondary industry also engendered significant shifting as smelting and textile industry declined sharply but IT industry increased largely. Although the ratio of the heavy industry to the light industry changed periodically, the heavy industrial output value most time kept a high proportion over 60% of the gross industrial output value in the past five decades. Shenyang has favorable conditions for developing equipment manufacturing industry, but it should carry out the program by establishing its leading role in urban economy plan, building "Theme Industrial Parks", improving Tiexi Industrial Zone, removing any kind of system barrier, enlarging private and other ownerships economy and improving technology, marketing and management by IT application. In response to economy globalization, Shenyang needs to expand the cooperation worldwide and improve the cohesion with surrounding cities.

适应新形势水利应该神形皆备——对贯彻落实中央一号文件的几点思考

1月29日,中央一号文件《中共中央、国务院关于加快水利改革发展的决定》正式公布。这是我国水利发展史上具有里程碑意义的大事,充分体现了党中央、国务院对水利工作的高度重视,标志着我国水利改革发展步入了一个新的时期。中央一号文件从全局战略高度,对今后一段时期的水利发展指明了方向;提出的政策措施明确有力,针对性、操作性强。学习、贯彻落实好中央一号文件精神是今后一个时期水利工作的重点任务。为深入贯彻落实中央一号文件精神,更好地做好水利宣传工作,本刊从2011年第3期开始,设立"贯彻落实中央一号文件精神有奖征文"专栏,将征集到的论文择优在本刊陆续发表,以飨读者。

China’s 13th and 14th Five-Year Plans:Review and Advice

The 13th Five-year Plan period ushered in a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.During this period,China’s economy transitioned from rapid to high-quality growth and weathered the storms of the trade war with the United States and the COVID-19 outbreak.Chinese policymakers embraced new development concepts,and fought to cut overcapacity and excess inventory,deleverage,lower costs,and bolster weak areas under the theme of supply-side structural reforms.In fighting the three tough battles of major risk prevention,targeted poverty reduction and pollution abatement,China has largely resolved myriad structural contradictions and maintained rapid domestic economic growth and stability.Most targets for the 13th Five-year Plan period have been achieved ahead of time or are near completion on time.Institutional sophistication has bolstered high-quality development.

China’s Export Expansion, Export Structure and Energy Consumption

Since the reform and opening up,China's export trade has maintained a rapid growth;meanwhile,China's energy consumption has been increasing sharply. "High export and high energy consumption" has become the feature of China's trade and economic development.In this paper,based on the input-output analysis approach,the authors have conducted an empirical study on the export trade and energy consumption of 21 trade industrial sectors.The results show that,China is a big net exporter of embodied energy.Assuming that the export growth rate of embodied energy maintains to be about 23.6%,the average annual growth rate of the past 32 years,and based on the input-output data of 2005,by 2030 China's net export of embodied energy would be over eight times more than the aggregate energy production,which is obviously infeasible.As a country of very low per capita energy,China must change its export pattern,encourage or restrain the export of different industrial sectors according to their energy consumption intensity,and promote structural change of energy-efficient exported products,so as to achieve the sustainable development.Accordingly,the authors put forward some suggestions.

Circular economy: from an institutional perspective

Circular economy （CE） has been put fonvard as an important environmental and resource strategy in China.Aiming at the high utilization rate of resources and reduction of pollutants,CE means to realize a shift of fundamental paradigm.With the mode of production and consumption from linear to recycling model,the promotion requires transdisciplinary researches which integrate technological,ecological,social-cultural and other sciences.The present study focuses on the implementation of circular economy from an institutional perspective.Institution acts as a crucial factor by providing incentives for technical innovation,leading investment orientation and determining policy effectiveness,etc.This paper mainly discusses about： firstly,the feature of institution,institutional changes and institutional innovation is articulated,together with eco-industrial park strategy,extended producer＇s responsibility and dematerialization principle as innovative institutional arrangements; secondly,as policy plays great role on institutional changing process,the mechanism of policy implementation is needed to be related; as a result,coevolution of institutions and policies is thus presented; at last,a pilot attempt is made to find out some operational avenues in accomplishment of CE through both theoretical and practical methodology,special resolutions are put forward after some projecting difficulties and dilemmas in China are described.

China's Urbanization in 1949–2015: Processes and Driving Forces

The pace and scale of China＇s contemporary urbanization are stunning. This paper reviews process and the underlying driving forces of China＇s urbanization between 1949-2015. Contemporary China＇s urbanization has experienced four stages, and each has had different driving forces： 1） economic re-construction and industrialization-led urbanization 0949-1977）; 2） economic reform and mar- ket-led urbanization （1978-1995）; 3） economic globalization and the global-local urbanization （1996-2010）; and 4） the land-economy- led urbanization （2010-）. These urbanization processes and driving forces will undoubtedly provide scientific reference and have sig- nificant implications for developing countries, especially African countries, to formulate their urbanization public policies.

Thucydides's Trap: Misunderstanding and Strategic Responses

From a theoretical point of view, Thucydides' s Trap is the idea of realism, especially the idea of offensive realism, that changes in the international power structure will inevitably escalate to international conflict and war. As we analyze the historical origin of Thucydides' s Trap from the perspective of political strategy, we can see that Thucydides' s Trap was put forward by Graham T. Allison and other western scholars,and that their understanding and analogy between Athens and Sparta,between China and the United States mainly involves three aspects:strength determinism, war benefit theory and bilateral relations theory.These three misunderstandings involve objective factors, subjective factors, and the scope of Thucydides' s Trap. China should avoid falling into the theoretical trap of strength determinism, with great initiative to promote the sustainable development and the rise of China by adhering to the strategy of Chinese Economic Reform and Opening up, and to construct the community of common destiny, while controlling and managing a third-party factor emerging in the Sino-US bilateral relations.

The Asymmetric Response of Older Male Labour Force Participation Rates to Pension Reform and Labour Market Variables

Increasing the labour force participation rates of older workers is a fundamental component of most OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development） countries＇ response to the fiscal pressures associated with ageing populations. Both pension reform and employment policies are key elements to achieving such increases in participation and reversing the early retirement trends of recent decades. Econometric modeling results from a panel of 12 OECD countries indicate that labour market variables have a greater influence than social security pension value or the standard age of retirement on the labour force participation rates of males aged 55-64 years. Further results from modeling the potential asymmetric response of participation rates to unemployment rates indicate that a decrease in unemployment rates has a greater impact upon increasing the labour force participation rates of older workers compared to the effect of an increase on unemployment rates has on discouraging participation. We found mixed results for the asymmetric response of participation to an increase or decrease in pension value. Findings thus emphasize the importance of labour market oriented policies to reduce unemployment rates in the developed economies in coming years to address ageing population concerns.

Domestic, External Demands：Dual-Engines of China＇s Growti

China＇s economic growth has been driven by the dual-engine of domestic demand and external demand. Among which, domestic demand is the main engine originated from China＇s huge domestic market. Due to the advantage of openness, external demand has a growing contribution to economic growth. For a long term, China will remain in the stage of rapid industrialization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization, therefore China will further expand its domestic consumption and external demand. The undergoing institutional reform will also contribute to the coordinated development of domestic demand and external demand.

China＇s Economic Circumstances and Prospects： A Post-Reform Era

China ＇s current economic circumstances are defined by five basic features. （1） For the global economy as a whole, the ＂post-crisis era＂ is ending. （2） China＇s overall economy continues to develop steadily. （3） China has entered a ＂post-reform era.＂ （4） China＇s eastern region and western regions have attained different levels of economic development in terms of capital construction, social development, and household consumption. And （5） China＇ s regional development is still uneven. In the near future, the speed, momentum, environment, priorities and sources of China＇s economic development will see new changes.

Research of Teaching Reform in Physical Education under the lifelong sports background

In order to meet the needs of social development of the situation and the quality of education, college physical education must continue to reform, so that students in school can fully grasp the basic knowledge of sports, improve exercise motivation, and cultivate good habits of lifelong physical exercise to lay a solid foundation. With greater development of university sports, teaching lifetime sports has had a major breakthrough.

New-Type Urbanization will be Advanced in Five Aspects in 2016

On the afternoon of April 19,National Development and Reform Commission（NDRC）held a press briefing.Xu Lin,Head of Planning Department,introduced major tasks for advancing new-type urbanization in2016.

Chinese accounting reform： It will be a continuous process

Based on a thorough review, this paper points out that there is still two types of problems in the newly formulated China Accounting Standards 2006 （CAS 2006） which were enacted on Jan. 1, 2007. The first type is that some economic events have been accounted for incorrectly, and the second is confusion and misunderstanding have been caused in the practical world when some guidelines of CAS 2006 are carded out to converge to the International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS）. In my opinion, it is a great leap to establish a set of accounting standards that harmonize with the IFRS, but China＇s accounting reform is a continuously improving process. During the process, the accounting standards setting departments shoulder heavy burden, face a dilemma, and meet some challenges. After all, China＇s accounting reform will be a long way.