放化结合治疗中晚期食管癌疗效观察

目的:放化结合治疗不能手术食管癌疗效观察。方法:90例食管癌患者根据入选标准随机分组,22例进入放疗十化疗(放化组),20例进入单纯放疗组(单放组),18例进入单纯化疗组(单化组)。放化组:“DF”方案化疗,即5-Fu 500 mg/m2d1～5,DDP 20 mg/m2d1～5,,放疗从第1天即开始,15 MV-X射线照射,1次/天,2 GY/次,5次/周,肿瘤照射量40 GY后,改两斜野照射,避开脊髓,追加剂量至60～70 GY,共6～7周完成。单放组:放射治疗方案同放化组中的放疗方案,单化组:化疗方案同放化组中的化疗方案。结果:放化组二年生存率分别为53.6%,单放组二年生存率为40%,单化组二年生存率为38.8%。放化组二年远处转移发生率为18.1%,单放组二年远处转移发生率为35%,单化组二年远处转移发生率为22.2%,放化组的毒性反应大于单放组和单化组,但患者均能耐受。结论:以“DF”方案化疗配合放疗治疗不能手术的食管癌降低了远处转移发生率,生存率有可能提高,值得临床推广应用。

放化结合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

放化结合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析刘玉梅包钢职工医院（包头０１４０１０）我院共收治晚期非小细胞肺癌６２例，按放化结合组和单纯化疗组进行治疗，３年随访率９０．３％（５６／６２），结果表明近期疗效放化组优于单化组。１年生存率两组有显著性差异。６２例中...

鼻咽癌放化疗结合患者生活质量的质性研究

目的：深入了解鼻咽癌放化疗结合患者有关生活质量的个人体验及需求，探索影响患者生活质量的相关因素，为鼻咽癌患者临床整体护理的实施提供理论依据。方法采用扎根理论研究方法，对10例鼻咽癌放化结合患者进行面对面半结构式深度访谈，访谈资料用现象学分析方法Colaizzi法分析。结果放疗及化疗使患者身体状况和生活方式发生改变，限制了患者的躯体、角色、社会及人际关系，不同程度的影响着患者的生活质量。结论以上结果为护理人员对鼻咽癌患者实施整体护理提供了依据，护士应对患者进行全身心的护理，以提高患者的生活质量。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-43Al-9V alloy fabricated by spark plasma sintering

A fine-grained TiAl alloy with the composition of Ti-43Al-9V was prepared by mechanical milling and spark plasma sintering（SPS）.The relationship among sintering temperature,microstructure and mechanical properties was studied.The results show that the morphology of mechanical milling powder is regular with size in a range of 5-30 μm.Main phases of γ-TiAl,α2-Ti3Al and few B2 phase are observed in the SPS bulk samples.For samples sintered at 1150 °C,equiaxed crystal grain microstructure is achieved with size in a range of 300 nm-1 μm.With increasing SPS temperature to 1250 °C,the size of equiaxed crystal grains obviously increases,the microhardness decreases from HV592 to HV535,and the bending strength decreases from 605 to 219 MPa.Meantime,the compression fracture strength also decreases from 2601 to 1905 MPa,and the strain compression decreases from 28.95% to 12.09%.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of TiAl-based alloy prepared by double mechanical milling and spark plasma sintering

A fine-grained TiAl alloy with a composition of Ti-45Al-2Cr-2Nb-1B-0.5Ta-0.225Y （mole fraction, %） was prepared by double mechanical milling（DMM） and spark plasma sintering（SPS）. The relationship among sintering temperature, microstructure and mechanical properties was studied. The results show that the morphology of double mechanical milled powder is regular with size in the range of 20-40 μm and mainly composed of TiAl and Ti3Al phases. The main phase TiAl and few phases Ti3Al, Ti2Al and TiB2 were observed in the SPSed alloys. For samples sintered at 900 ℃ the equiaxed crystal grain microstructure is achieved with size in the range of 100-200 nm. With increasing the SPS temperature from 900 ℃to 1000 ℃ the size of equiaxed crystal grain obviously increases, the microhardness decreases from HV658 to HV616, and the bending strength decreases from 781 MPa to 652 MPa. In the meantime, the compression fracture strength also decreases from 2769 MPa to 2669 MPa, and the strain to fracture in compression increases from 11.69% to 17.76%. On the base of analysis of fractographies, it shows that the compression fracture transform of the SPSed alloys is intergranular rupture.

Scalable synthesis of salidroside

By analyzing the key steps that restricted the industrial synthesis of salidroside, selective protection of tyrosol with different acylation reagents was adopted. The strategy facilitated the crystallization of intermediates, which allowed the scalable synthesis of salidroside. It included a reaction of penta-O-acetyl-β-D-glucose with acyl protected tyrosol in the presence of Lewis acid catalyst（ZnCl2）, followed by deacylation under basic condition（NaOMe/MeOH） to give the salidroside. The total yield of this three-step reaction was 47%. Final product and intermediates were purified by recrystallization, which significantly reduced the cost and made the large scale synthesis feasible.