电感耦合等离子体放射光谱法测定抗癌药物米铂中微量金属杂质及其安全性评价

目的建立测定抗癌药物米铂中微量金属杂质的电感耦合等离子体放射光谱(ICP-AES)法,为评价米铂的金属残留对人体的影响提供方法。方法试样于600℃灼烧后经HCl-HNO3溶解,用ICP-AES法直接测定抗癌药物米铂中的微量金属杂质。结果对分析方法进行了验证,线性相关系数(r)为0.99 91~1.000 0,方法精密度为1.1%~5.3%,准确度为85.22%~109.60%,均符合药典要求;通过测定,计算出了钯(Pd)、铑(Rh)、铱(Ir)、钌(Ru)、镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)的实际日接触量,远小于允许日接触量(PDE)。结论 ICP-AES法简便、快速、准确,米铂中的金属残留物被充分除去,该药进入人体后,金属杂质的微量残留不会影响人体健康,无安全隐患。

水稻稃片和旗叶叶绿体超微结构及低温(77K)荧光发射光谱的研究(英文)

本文对沈农 2 6 5和汕优 6 3两个水稻 (OrizasativaL .)品种的稃片和旗叶叶绿体超微结构 ,低温荧光特性进行了比较研究。结果表明 :水稻的稃片具有发育良好的叶绿体 ,在高产品种中 ,稃片和旗叶叶绿体的发育程度比对照品种好 ,而且基粒类囊体的垛叠更规则。通过低温荧光发射光谱分析表明 :两个品种中稃片的F6 85/F73 4值均比旗叶高 ,因此 ,在稃片中激发能较多地分配给PSII。最后 。

ICP-OES法测定杭州市水质中微量硫阴离子含量的实验研究

硫酸盐与硫化物,是硫在水中的主要存在形式.国标GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法 -无机非金属指标》规定硫酸盐与硫化物是评判水质的重要指标,对其含量有严格的限定。对水质中含硫阴离子检测方法的实验研究有重要的现实意义。选择杭州市水质作为含硫阴离子含量测定实验样本,对水质中硫酸根离子和硫离子进行定量分析。对水样的前处理方法进行了实验探索,找到了利用ICP-OES法（电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法）测定硫酸根离子和硫离子的最佳仪器工作条件.同时进行了与国标测定结果对比的实验.结果表明,在优化的实验条件下,本方法线性相关性好（R〉0.9992）,灵敏度高,检出限在0.05~0.23 mg/L范围内,精密度好（RSD〈2.24%）。对饮用水源及自来水中含硫阴离子的含量进行了加标回收试验,回收率在88.2%~105.7%。

Application of principal component-radial basis function neural networks (PC-RBFNN) for the detection of water-adulterated bayberry juice by near-infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics techniques was used to classify the pure bayberry juice and the one adulterated with 10% (w/w) and 20% (w/w) water. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the dimensions of spectral data, give information regarding a potential capability of separation of objects, and provide principal component (PC) scores for radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN). RBFNN was used to detect bayberry juice adulterant. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal variate (SNV) transformation were used to preprocess spectra. The results demonstrate that PC-RBFNN with optimum parameters can separate pure bayberry juice samples from water-adulterated bayberry at a recognition rate of 97.62%, but cannot clearly detect water levels in the adulterated bayberry juice. We conclude that NIR technology can be successfully applied to detect water-adulterated bayberry juice.

Evaluation of Spectral Scale Effects in Estimation of Vegetation Leaf Area Index Using Spectral Indices Methods

Spectral index methodology has been widely used in Leaf Area Index(LAI) retrieval at different spatial scales. There are differences in the spectral response of different remote sensors and thus spectral scale effect generated during the use of spectral indices to retrieve LAI. In this study, PROSPECT, leaf optical properties model and Scattering by Arbitrarily Inclined Layers(SAIL) model, were used to simulate canopy spectral reflectance with a bandwidth of 5 nm and a Gaussian spectral response function was employed to simulate the spectral data at six bandwidths ranging from 10 to 35 nm. Additionally, for bandwidths from 5 to 35 nm, the correlation between the spectral index and LAI, and the sensitivities of the spectral index to changes in LAI and bandwidth were analyzed. Finally, the reflectance data at six bandwidths ranging from 40 to 65 nm were used to verify the spectral scale effect generated during the use of the spectral index to retrieve LAI. Results indicate that Vegetation Index of the Universal Pattern Decomposition(VIUPD) had the highest accuracy during LAI retrieval. Followed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), Modified Simple Ratio Indices(MSRI) and Triangle Vegetation Index(TVI), although the coefficient of determination R^2 was higher than 0.96, the retrieved LAI values were less than the actual value and thus lacked validity. Other spectral indices were significantly affected by the spectral scale effect with poor retrieval results. In this study, VIUPD, which exhibited a relatively good correlation and sensitivity to LAI, was less affected by the spectral scale effect and had a relatively good retrieval capability. This conclusion supports a purported feature independent of the sensor of this model and also confirms the great potential of VIUPD for retrieval of physicochemical parameters of vegetation using multi-source remote sensing data.

Researches on the Stability of Porphyra-334 Solution and Its Influence Factors

The stability of porphyra-334 in solutions of different pH values at different temperatures was studied. In high acidic conditions, below pH 3, the absorption maximum, λ max, of porphyra-334 shows hypsochromic shift towards lower wavelength and the absorbance also has a light decrease. In high alkaline conditions of over pH 12, the absorbance of porphyra-334 decreases and an unknown compound with a peak maximum at 225 nm appears. The peak height of the unknown compound increases with the decrease of absorbance of porphyra-334. This might be related to the decomposition of porphyra-334. At room temperature, porphyra-334 solutions, except high alkaline solutions, are stable. Increasing the temperature, especially higher than 60℃, promotes the decomposition of porphyra-334 and causes the absorbance decrease both in basic and acidic solutions.

A meta-analysis for assessing the value of MR spectroscopy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer

Objective： To assess the value of MR spectroscopy （MRS） in the diagnosis of prostate cancer by meta-analysis. Methods： Prospective studies were selected from the MEDLINE, Ovid, Embase databases, Springer, Elsevier, China National Knowledge Infrastructure. According to the suggestion, results were determined by the ratio of （Cho＋Cr）/Cit. If this ratio was less than 0.75, negative result was respectively determined, and the definitive tumor was diagnosed as this threshold. According to the assessment standard of Evidence-based Medicine, English and Chinese literature in Grade A and B on MRS imaging was included. According to homogeneity test, different effect models were chosen to calculate different pooled weighted values of sensitivity, specificity and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals （95% CI）. Summary receiver operating characteristic （SROC） curves were used to assess the results. Funnel plot was used to analyze publication bias. Results： According to the assessment standard of Evidence-based Medicine, only 5 papers in Grade B were included in this research. The pooled weighted sensitivity and its 95% confidence interval is 82% （73%, 89%） and the pooled weighted sensitivity and its 95% confidence interval is 68% （58%, 76%）. The AUC （area under curve） is 83.40%. An asymmetric funnel plot suggested two missing studies leading to publication bias. Conclusion： If the ratio of （Cho＋Cr）/Cit is regarded as the diagnostic criteria in detecting prostate cancer by MRS, meta-analysis suggests this method has a better diagnostic value to detect the malignant prostate mass but the sensitivity needs to be improved. We hope to support a method and requirement about diagnostic test. Performing perspective register and improving quality of study design is the only way to reduce the bias and get real information of disease.

Growth Mode Investigation of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetra-carboxylic Dianhydride on p-Si Substrates by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy

The growth mode of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetra-carboxylic dianhydride(PTCDA) deposited on p-Si substrates can be deduced by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy(XPS). The spectrum and fine spectrum at the surface of specimen are studied. Firstly, PTCDA molecules assemble at the defects to form lots of three-dimensional island-like PTCDA crystal nucleuses, and then by the action of delocalized big π bond, two adjacent layers of PTCDA molecules overlap to some extent and finally island-like structure forms. PTCDA molecules of benzene ring combine with Si atoms at the defects, and that of acid anhydride radicals combine with Si atoms at the perfect fraction of the surface. In the course of combination, although the structure of benzene ring doesn't change, the chemical reaction of acid anhydride radicals and Si occurs to break off C=O bond in acid anhydride, and then C-Si-O and silicon oxide might be produced.

The Pulsed Plasma-Liquid Systems at Cylindrical Geometry with Possibility of Convergent Acoustic Waves Efficient Generation

This research investigates the possibility of convergent acoustic waves generation in the liquid by means of the sotmd waves reflection from the solid cylindrical surface, emerged in the pulsed electric discharge. The spectra of pulse discharge plasma emission in the water and in the air-water mixture were obtained. The temperature of cuprum and oxygen atoms electronic excitation levels and the temperature tendencies during the discharge current existence were calculated.

Scaling Region in Desynchronous Coupled Chaotic Maps

The largest Lyapunov exponent and the Lyapunov spectrum of a coupled map lattice are studied when the system state is desynchronous chaos. In the large system size limit a scaling region is found in the parameter space where the largest Lyapunov exponent is independent of the system size and the coupling strength. Some scaling relation between the Lyapunov spectrum distributions for different coupling strengths is found when the coupling strengths are taken in the scaling parameter region. The existence of the scaling domain and the scaling relation of Lyapunov spectra there are heuristically explained.

Natural Radioactivity Measurements for Some Algerian Building Materials

The objective of this work is to assess the radiation hazards associated gamma rays from building materials. Natural gamma rays activities of natural radionuclide represented mainly by three natural radioactive series ^238U, ^235U and ^232Th, and the primordial ^40K in the samples of building materials which consist of bricks, ceramics, marble and gypsum from different areas of eastern Algeria are measured using gamma ray spectrometry. The values of the activities of these radionuclides do not clearly reflect the radiation hazard associated with these materials. Therefore, the radium equivalent （Raeq） concentration is defined taking into account the effectiveness of these isotopes in creating the radiation hazard. Radium equivalent activities, external and internal hazard indices （Hex and Hin） are calculated from the activities of ^226Ra, ^232Th and ^40K for suitability of the materials.

The Study of the Impact of Mercury Sample Magnetization Prior to Detection by Emission Spectroscopy

Experimental investigations were conducted in this study to explore the effect of magnetization on water sample properties and to envisage whether the effect is beneficial for mercury detection in a sample of water or not. Subjecting the water sample to 0.3 Tesla magnetic field for 14 hours led to instantaneous effects on the examined water properties, where a reduction in the values of pH （7%） and interfacial tension （0.2%） was observed, whereas an increase （8%） in water electrical conductivity was recorded. Similar behaviours with slight changes in trend were observed after storing the samples for six days, which indicates a creation of permanent effects. Other experiments were conducted to explore the impact of magnetizing water sample containing inorganic mercury prior to detection by emission spectroscopy. Samples were prepared with different mercury concentrations and derivatized by using tin chloride （SnCI2）. The generated mercury vapour species were transported with aid of carrier gas into a dielectric barrier discharge plasma atomizer, in which the mercury signal at 253.65 nm was recorded. The results have shown 3.5%-7.5% increase in the signal intensities recorded for the magnetized samples, mostly attributed to a reduction in the sample surface tension and other reasons, which facilitates analyte derivatization.

气相CCl_2自由基的发射光谱

在CCl_4蒸汽的直流放电中,观测了从520到630nm波长范围的荧光发射并确认为CCl_2自由基→跃迁。近400条谱带归属为^(35)Cl-C-^(55)Cl和^(35)Cl-C-^(37)Cl的(v_1~′,v_2~′,0)→(v_1^(″),v_2^(″),0)一系列前进带组,并排列成Deslandres表。光谱分析给出CCl_2在激发态和基态的v_1和v_2振动频率及同位素位移,其中气相CCl_2在基态的数据尚未见文献报道。

New Oxorhenium（V） Complex with an Aminothiazole Ligand, and Radiochemical Behavior of Its Oxotechenetium（V） Complex Analog

A [ReO（Amino）2OH] complex was successfully synthesized by the ligand exchange method using oxorhenuim gluconate and an aminothiazole ligand. The complex was characterized elemental analysis and IR, UV-Vis, NMR and mass spectroscopes. The technetium tracer 99mTcO-complex has also been synthesized by two methods using Ligand exchange method and direct reduction method. The radiochemical purity of the complex was over 95% as measured by thin layer chromatography. In vitro studies showed that the complex possessed good stability under physiological conditions. The partition coefficient indicated that the complex hydrophilic and the electrophoresis results showed that the complex neutral. Normal biodistributions of the 99mTC complex exhibit high lung, liver and spleen uptake of 27%, I 1%, and 12%, respectively. Blood and lungs clearance was quite, while liver activity remained high for a longer period with 12% injection dose present at 1 h post-inj ection. The radioactivity from the novel technetium complex was excreted mainly through the hepatobiliary system, which passed 35% of the complex at 1 h post-injection, and partially through the kidneys.

不同栽培方式下白花丹叶的无机元素分析研究

目的对不同栽培方式的民族药白花丹叶中的无机元素进行分析研究。方法采用微波消解-感应偶合电浆放射光谱(ICP-OES)法同时测定家种不同土壤、不同肥料、不同植被、不同繁殖方式白花丹药材叶中无机元素含量,并对测定结果进行分析。结果 1最佳栽培方法:选择种子繁殖,在黏土中生长,施加K肥,全光照;2各个影响因素的作用强度为:不同植被>不同土壤>不同肥料>不同繁殖方式;3各种元素(除Se、Hg、Cr外)的含量在不同的栽培方式,不同繁殖方式控制下能找到最优结果。结论本实验以白花丹药材叶中的无机元素含量为指标,对野生变家种在不同栽培条件下的药材质量进行研究,为白花丹野生变家种栽培技术规范及合理利用白花丹叶提供可靠的理论依据。

ICP-AES对纺织品中总铅和总镉含量的测定

以GB/T 30157—2013标准中规定的铅、镉两种元素为研究对象,优化前处理微波消解程序,采用3%HNO3为基体配制标准曲线,建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP—AES)测定纺织品中Pb、Cd总含量的方法。结果表明,两种金属元素的线性相关系数均大于0.999,检出限分别为2.19 mg/kg、0.249 mg/kg,回收率分别为92.8%、91.4%,精密度均小于10%,可以满足测定要求。

Synthesis of rod-like metal-organic framework(MOF-5)nanomaterial for efficient removal of U(Ⅵ):batch experiments and spectroscopy study

With the widespread application of radionuclide ^235U（VI）, it is inevitable that part of U（VI） is released into the natural environment. The potential toxicity and irreversibility impact on the natural environment has become one of the most forefront pollution problems in nuclear energy utilization. In this work, rod-like metal-organic framework （MOF-5） nanomaterial was synthesized by a solvothermal method and applied to efficiently adsorb U（VI） from aqueous solutions. The batch experimental results showed that the sorp- tion of U（Vl） on MOF-5 was strongly dependent on pH and independent of ionic strength, indicating that the dominant interaction mechanism was inner-sphere surface complexation and electrostatic interac- tion. The maximum sorption capacity of U（Vl） on MOF-5 was 237.0 mg]g at pH 5.0 and T = 298 K, and the sorption equilibrium reached within 5 rain. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the removal of U（VI） on MOF-5 was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Additionally, the FT-IR and XPS analyses implied that the high sorption capacity of U（Vl） on MOF-5 was mainly attributed to the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups （i.e., C-O and C=O）. Such a facile preparation method and efficient removal performance highlighted the application of MOF-5 as a candidate for rapid and efficient radionuclide contamination＇s elimination in practical applications.

Terahertz band simulations using two different radiative transfer models

A high-resolution dual-band terahertz(THz) radiometer was designed to measure vertical distributions of chemical elements in the middle atmosphere of the Tibetan Plateau. A forward simulation, which always should be conducted firstly for the development of a matching retrieval algorithm, has not been done before. We use two radiative transfer models, ARTS and AM, to simulate the water vapor, ozone and carbon monoxide spectra on the plateau based on the spectral design of the THz radiometer. The emission line characteristics of the three gases in this spectral band are identified. Reasons for the differences in the spectral simulations between the two models are analyzed for individual gases. The impact of several different spectral parameter settings on the simulations are evaluated through a series of sensitivity experiments. This study suggests that the ARTS is more suitable for the development of the THz radiometer retrieval algorithm. An optimal parameter setting of the ARTS for the three elements are given.

MXenes@Te as a composite material for high-performance aluminum batteries

The emerging two-dimensional(2D)materials,MXenes,play an important role in various fields of energy storage and exhibit excellent electrochemical performance.Herein,we prepared few-layered MXenes(F-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))and loaded Te on the surface of F-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) by using a simple hightemperature evaporation method.In addition,the electrochemical performance of the aluminum battery with F-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) as support material was studied.The initial charge/discharge specific capacities are 987/1096mAh g^(-1)at 0.2Ag^(-1).An obvious discharge voltage plateau of about 1.3V appears at various current densities.The specific capacity is about 258mAh g^(-1)with MXenes@Te as the active material in the aluminum battery,which benefits from the excellent electronic conductivity of the MXenes and their 2D layered structure.Density functional theory calculations were carried out to explore the mechanism.Ti_(3)C_(2)O_(2)@Te is more inclined to adsorb[AlCl_(4)]^(-) than Ti_(3)C_(2)O_(2).Furthermore,the valence change behavior of element Te was studied by using thermodynamic calculation(FactSage 7.1).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show that when the battery is fully charged to 2.4V element Te and Ti ions(Ti^(3+),Ti^(2+))are oxidized to Te^(4+)and Ti^(4+).In contrast to the charging process,the high-valence Te^(4+)and Ti^(4+)are reduced again during discharging.Element Te is reduced to lower-valence Te^(2-)when the discharge voltage is lower than 0.6 V,and a higher charge voltage(2.56 V)is required for Te to be oxidized to Te^(6+).