光质对钝顶螺旋藻放氧效率及抗氧化剂含量影响的研究

为探究光质对螺旋藻放氧效率及抗氧化剂含量的影响规律,从而为CELSS中螺旋藻高效培养光照系统的建立提供理论基础,开展了钝顶螺旋藻在红、蓝、绿、黄、白五种LED光质处理下的培养实验,分析了不同光质对其生长速率、放氧效率和SOD、黄酮、VE、藻蓝素和类胡萝卜素五种抗氧化剂含量的影响规律。实验结果如下:1)红光处理下螺旋藻放氧效率可达161.7 mg·L^(-1)·k W^(-1)·h^(-1),较白光处理提高了32.64%,而黄光、绿光和蓝光处理下均低于70 mg·L^(-1)·k W^(-1)·h^(-1);2)蓝光处理下SOD活性、黄酮和VE含量最高,比白光处理分别提高了24.20%、57.45%和35.45%;绿光处理下藻蓝素含量最高,可达74.50 mg·g^(-1)。因此,红光最有利于螺旋藻放氧,可以作为螺旋藻培养光源的主要光质。蓝光有利于SOD、黄酮和VE合成,绿光有利于藻蓝素合成,可以作为光源的补充光质。

四色光质对钝顶螺旋藻生长合成和光合放氧的影响

目的探究四色混合光质对螺旋藻生长的影响,为受控生态生保系统中微藻生物部件优化培养提供参考。方法以红光为对照,在六种不同配比的红(R)、蓝(B)、绿(G)、黄(Y)四色LED混合光质处理下进行钝顶螺旋藻培养,对其形态、干重、蛋白质含量、光合色素组成和放氧效率等指标进行测量与综合分析。结果所有四色光质处理下的藻丝体长度均短于红光处理,而叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素和藻蓝素含量都高于红光处理; 7R2B0. 5G0. 5Y处理下螺旋藻的干重、蛋白质含量和放氧效率分别达到1. 45 g/L、53. 83%和78. 9 mg/(L·kW·h),较对照分别提高7. 69%、9. 33%和19. 09%。结论四色光质可以在获得较高螺旋藻产量和蛋白质含量的同时实现更高的放氧效率。

Efficiency of Structural Materials in Sustainable Design

The main aim of this paper is to investigate energy consumptions, CO2 emissions and costs during the production and life cycle of structural materials. The virgin and recycled metals as well as waste minerals such as fly ash, slag in concrete save energy consumption, CO2 emissions and costs. The importance and effectiveness of recycled materials will be statistically evaluated via energy consumption, carbon footprint, ultimate strength and their ratios. Embodied energy to ultimate strength or embodied carbon to ultimate strength ratios may emphasize the effectiveness of a sustainable material. The analyses in this study indicate the utilization of the recycled steel and C50 concrete with 50% fly ash or slag is the most efficient way of using sustainable materials.

Exerav as a Parameter for Buildina Enerav Assessment

The energy and environmental impacts resulting from the buildings sector are one of the impending problems which address the international action. The main strategies implemented to answer to this problem are the energy efficiency improvement, the CO2 emissions reduction and the renewable energy share increase in the energy mix. The key subject discussed in this paper is the ＂building energy impact＂, aimed to leading the building sector towards the energy efficiency improvement. The paper＇s aim is to show that an energy assessment is not able to give a consistent evaluation of building energy use, and it could be misleading. Therefore, the paper proposes the exergy assessment as complementary evaluation method, in order to achieve a complete description of the concept ＂building＇s energy impact on the environment＂. In the first section, we describe the parameters currently used for the building energy assessment, focusing on the primary energy index and the CO2 emissions index. In the second section, we introduce the exergy as a complementary index. This index is a possible answer to the problems previously identified. Finally, in the third section, we present three test-cases, analyzed through transient simulation software TRNSYS. The purpose of the test-cases analysis is to show the difference between energy and exergy assessment.

Laminar Diffusion Flames of Methane in a Co-annular Jet of Oxygen-Enriched Air

Oxygen rich combustion is a mean to increase the energy efficiency and to contribute to CO2 capture. Influence of oxygen enriched air on the stability of methane flames from non premixed laminar jets has been investigated experimentally. The burner consists of two coaxial jets： methane flowing out of the inner, oxidizer from the outer. The flame behavior is studied according to the proportion of oxygen in the oxidizer jet, the oxidizer and the methane jets velocities. The flame is either anchored to the burner, lifted, stationary or not or blown-out. The addition of oxygen produces a decrease of the lift height, a reduction of the length of the reaction zone and an increase in the soot emission. These results have been reported into diagrams of stability where the flame configurations are connected to the competition between the dynamic effect of the injection velocity and the chemical effect of oxygen addition.