柴油发动机排放现状及远程在线监控探索

柴油发动机排放的NOX和PM2.5是空气污染的重要来源,管控柴油发动机的排放存在难点,需要多方合力。本文侧重从柴油发动机排放在线监管的角度,通过远程采集柴油发动机OBD数据、安装颗粒物传感器、物联网传输数据、平台排放大数据应用等措施,实现对柴油发动机排放的管控,进而减少其排放。

On Reliability-optimized Controller Placement for Software-Defined Networks

By decoupling control plane and data plane,Software-Defined Networking(SDN) approach simplifies network management and speeds up network innovations.These benefits have led not only to prototypes,but also real SDN deployments.For wide-area SDN deployments,multiple controllers are often required,and the placement of these controllers becomes a particularly important task in the SDN context.This paper studies the problem of placing controllers in SDNs,so as to maximize the reliability of SDN control networks.We present a novel metric,called expected percentage of control path loss,to characterize the reliability of SDN control networks.We formulate the reliability-aware control placement problem,prove its NP-hardness,and examine several placement algorithms that can solve this problem.Through extensive simulations using real topologies,we show how the number of controllers and their placement influence the reliability of SDN control networks.Besides,we also found that,through strategic controller placement,the reliability of SDN control networks can be significantly improved without introducing unacceptable switch-to-controller latencies.

DIFFERENT ROOF BEHAVIOUR UNDER DIFFERENT UPPER MINING BOUNDARY CONDITION IN DATONG

Understanding roof behaviour and immediate roof failure patterns of longwall face is a prerequisite for establishing correct roof control theory and appplying effective roof control measures. Roof behaviour and immediate roof failure pattern have a close relationship with upper mining boundary conditions of longwall face. According to actual situation of Datong Mining Area,upper mining boundary conditions of longwall face have been classified into 5 types in this paper.Roof behaviour and immediate roof failure pattern under each upper mining boundary condition are discussed in details.

Eureka Webair： Web-Based Air Quality Management, Real-Time Forecasting and Emission Control Optimization

For the assessment and management of regional to local air quality, an integrated environmental management information system was built within the multi national Eureka project 3266 Webair, http：//www.ess.co.at/WEBAIR. The system combines data bases and GIS and a range of coupled models and analytical tools that address a range of typical management problems and cover several levels of nesting from regional to city level and street canyons. The main functions are to support regulatory tasks, compliance monitoring, operational forecasting and reporting, impact assessment EIA （environmental impact assessment）, SEA （strategic environmental assessment） and public information within one consistent framework. A major objective is the improvement of air quality through emission control. The integrated model system together with its shared data bases provides a reliable, consistent basis for the non-linear techno-economic and multi-criteria optimization of emission control strategies （including greenhouse gases and energy efficiency）. A real-time expert system drives, supports and monitors the autonomous and interactive operations, and provides embedded QA/QC （quality assurance/quality control） functions for reliable operations and ease of use.

Gas pipeline explosion resistance technology

Based on the features and requirements of gas drainage system, an optimized explosion resistance technology is done after a comprehensive analysis and research about the triple IR （Infrared Ray） flame detection technology, explosion resistance valve technology and explosion resistance control technology. An intelligent PLC （Programmable Logic Controller） resistance control system is designed which can cut offthe gas branch quickly and accurately, and the controller have automatic pressure maintaining function, valve rotation limit function, remote and local control interlock function. The reliability and rationality of explosion resistance technology is verified by gas pipeline explosion propagation and resistance simulation test. Overall response time of explosion resistance system is less than 100ms, and the spread of fire in gas pipeline can be prevented effectively.

Importance of strengthening the control of bank risk under information background

In the context of the information age, with the causes of the financial deregulation of the bank in the financial industry competition intensifies, the communication of science and technology advancement, there are innovative financial instruments to achieve orgasm. With that, comes the increased risk of commercial banks. China＇ s banking innovation started late, but rapidly develops. More seriously, in the development of the innovation process, there is not enough emphasis on the legal risk, which causes great risks.

An Advance in Complete Oxidation of Formaldehyde at Low Temperatures

Editor＇s comments Formaldehyde （HCHO） emitted from chemical manufacturing plants including methanol-gasoline/diesel fuel vehicles and the construction and decoration materials is one of the major air pollutions, which induces photochemical pollution and hazards human health. Great efforts have been made for the reduction or control of the emission of HCHO to satisfy the stringent environmental regulations. Now, a new study supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China reports mesoporous manganese oxide with novel nanostructures for the decomposition of HCHO. The obtained manganese oxide nanomaterials showed high catalytic activities for oxidative decomposition of HCHO at low temperatures. Complete conversion of HCHO to CO2 and H2O were achieved, and no harmful by- products were detected in effluent gases. The catalytic activities of these nanomaterials are significantly higher than those of previously reported manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve （OMS-2） nanorods , MnO x powders, and alumnina-supported mangnaese-palladium oxide catalysts. These results provide a new route for the removal of HCHO and other air pollutions.

Low-leakage diode-triggered silicon controlled rectifier for electrostatic discharge protection in 0.18-μm CMOS process

A diode-triggered silicon controlled rectifier (DTSCR) is being developed as an electrostatic discharge (ESD) pro- tection device for low voltage applications. However, DTSCR leaks high current during normal operation due to the Darlington effect of the triggering-assist diode string. In this study, two types of diode string triggered SCRs are designed for low leakage consideration; the modified diode string and composite polysilicon diode string triggered SCRs (MDTSCR & PDTSCR). Com- pared with the conventional DTSCR (CDTSCR), the MDTSCR has a much lower substrate leakage current with a relatively large silicon cost, and the PDTSCR has a much lower substrate leakage current with similar area and shows good leakage performance at a high temperature. Other DTSCR ESD properties are also investigated, especially regarding their layout, triggering voltage and failure current.