近年来,我国许多城市遭受雾霾低能见天气影响,对航班正常运行造成许多困扰,能见度低于运行标准,签派员不得不延误甚至取消航班放行。为此我国引进HUD(Head up display)平视指引系统,HUD是解决低能见运行的利器,它可以辅助飞机进近和着陆...近年来,我国许多城市遭受雾霾低能见天气影响,对航班正常运行造成许多困扰,能见度低于运行标准,签派员不得不延误甚至取消航班放行。为此我国引进HUD(Head up display)平视指引系统,HUD是解决低能见运行的利器,它可以辅助飞机进近和着陆,降低了Ⅰ类机场的运行标准,帮助签派员在特殊运行条件下放行航班保障运行正常性。文章主要介绍了HUD的工作原理及使用优势,以及利用模糊数学相关理论,在使用HUD实施特殊批准Ⅱ类运行时,对签派员进行特殊运行的放行评估决策进行初步研究。展开更多
VOCs play an increasingly important role in affecting air quality and threatening human health in China in recent years,where industry activities show a significant contribution to VOCs emission.In this article we rep...VOCs play an increasingly important role in affecting air quality and threatening human health in China in recent years,where industry activities show a significant contribution to VOCs emission.In this article we report our long term study of industrial VOCs emissions of six major industries (vehicle manufacturing,printing,equipment coating,electronic manufacturing,furniture manufacturing and bio-pharming) on the aspects of emission characteristics,environmental impact and health risk assessment,and control challenge analysis with the purpose to obtain in-depth understanding of industry VOCs emissions and offer some original basements for national control and management of industry VOCs emissions.This study shows that all these industries give middle or low emission with total VOCs concentration less than 1000 mg/m3 at each exhaust pipe.Benzenes,esters,alcohols,ketones,alkanes,chloroalkanes and alkenes were detected as the major emission components and the most frequently monitored VOCs were benzenes,which varied obviously with different processes and industries.The environmental impact assessments indicate that vehicle manufacturing and benzenes should be prior controlled with the purpose to reduce air pollution.While,health risk assessments suggest that furniture manufacturing and chloroalkanes should be firstly controlled.Control analysis indicates that developing technologies with low cost and high efficiency and establishing and completing specific industry emission standards/regulations are the two key issues in VOCs emission management at present stage.展开更多
文摘近年来,我国许多城市遭受雾霾低能见天气影响,对航班正常运行造成许多困扰,能见度低于运行标准,签派员不得不延误甚至取消航班放行。为此我国引进HUD(Head up display)平视指引系统,HUD是解决低能见运行的利器,它可以辅助飞机进近和着陆,降低了Ⅰ类机场的运行标准,帮助签派员在特殊运行条件下放行航班保障运行正常性。文章主要介绍了HUD的工作原理及使用优势,以及利用模糊数学相关理论,在使用HUD实施特殊批准Ⅱ类运行时,对签派员进行特殊运行的放行评估决策进行初步研究。
基金supported by the Team Interaction and Cooperation of the Science and Technology Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX2-YW-JS402)+4 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB732300)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(XDB05050200)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA063101)the Program of Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning(2012A014)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(8112015)
文摘VOCs play an increasingly important role in affecting air quality and threatening human health in China in recent years,where industry activities show a significant contribution to VOCs emission.In this article we report our long term study of industrial VOCs emissions of six major industries (vehicle manufacturing,printing,equipment coating,electronic manufacturing,furniture manufacturing and bio-pharming) on the aspects of emission characteristics,environmental impact and health risk assessment,and control challenge analysis with the purpose to obtain in-depth understanding of industry VOCs emissions and offer some original basements for national control and management of industry VOCs emissions.This study shows that all these industries give middle or low emission with total VOCs concentration less than 1000 mg/m3 at each exhaust pipe.Benzenes,esters,alcohols,ketones,alkanes,chloroalkanes and alkenes were detected as the major emission components and the most frequently monitored VOCs were benzenes,which varied obviously with different processes and industries.The environmental impact assessments indicate that vehicle manufacturing and benzenes should be prior controlled with the purpose to reduce air pollution.While,health risk assessments suggest that furniture manufacturing and chloroalkanes should be firstly controlled.Control analysis indicates that developing technologies with low cost and high efficiency and establishing and completing specific industry emission standards/regulations are the two key issues in VOCs emission management at present stage.
