依附性嵌入:政府购买助企服务的选择逻辑与改革策略--基于佛山市禅城区企业服务中心的考察

通过购买服务的方式提供助企服务,是政府服务企业的方式创新。政府购买服务衍射出嵌入式治理和反向嵌入式治理两种方式,具有依附性嵌入的特征。佛山市禅城区通过政府购买社会服务运营企业服务中心,由其面向全区企业提供相应的助企服务,体现出独特优势。但政府购买助企服务模式在运行过程中也产生了利益冲突、能力偏差、制度阻滞、信用存疑等多重困境,为此可通过加强协调、提升能力、完善制度、信用塑造等策略来加以完善。

藏中矿区F and H-G-C系统协调发展评价研究——以拉屋矿区为例

随着藏中丰富的矿产资源逐步进入深度开发阶段,农牧民和政府对矿企的发展制约越来越强,F and H-G-C系统协调矛盾凸显。文章通过建立藏中矿区F and H-G-C系统协调评价体系和评价指标,并结合实证数据,分析研究藏中矿区F and H-G-C系统存在的主要问题,提出促进藏中矿区F and H-G-C系统协调发展的建议。

创刊寄语

我国城轨交通事业自上世纪60年代建设投运第一条地铁起,发展至今已经走过40多年的历程,截至2012年底,全国包括地铁、轻轨、现代有轨电车、磁浮交通等城轨交通运营总里程达到2077公里。"十二五"期间,我国城轨交通年均投运里程将超过300公里,五年有望新增1600公里左右,比2010年前的四十多年投运总里程1455公里还多。在城轨交通快速发展的大形势下。

Privatizing War

Since the advent of the U.S. Iraq war in 2003, there has seen an acceleration of functions and operations which used to be the province of government become increasingly privatized. The division of the world into public and private spheres is at the center of a debate over what the government＇s role should be. This paper seeks to frame the debate between public and private roles regarding security issues. The military has been one area where there has never been a question of nation states outsourcing or privatizing. This paper will touch on the use of mercenaries and then discuss the growing use of corporate entities to supply what were considered to be traditional military activities and objectives.

CSI-Model-Based Research on Factors Affecting Rate Satisfaction of Government and Corporate CustomersTaking Special-Line Products as an Example

The rate satisfaction of government and corporate customers,to which telecom companies pay special attention,is an important part of the overall satisfaction of the market segment.Focusing on specialline products and based on interview with experts and literature review,this article builds an effect model comprising four factors affecting the major government and corporate customers' satisfaction with the rate,including cost performance,discount degree,rate communication and bill composition.Besides,employing AMOS and other analytical tools,it reveals significant positive effects of the aforementioned four factors on the customer's rate satisfaction,and arranges them in sequence according to the path coefficient of each influence.Based on quantified results,this article proposes management recommendations to improve the rate satisfaction,providing basis for research on the overall rate satisfaction optimization of government and corporate customers.

Rent-Seeking and Firm Performance: From the Perspective of the EightPoint Regulation and Government Subsidies

With the implementation of the CPC＇s eight-point regulation as a natural experiment platform, this paper seeks to unravel the causality between rent-seeking and firm performance for SOEs and private firms respectively. Our empirical research has found that after the release of the ＂eight-point regulation ＂, investors responded negatively to private frms and positively to SOEs. Such market response is more significant for firms with a high degree of rent-seeking. Further research has found that rent-seeking helps both SOEs and private firms receive more subsidies from the government. While government subsidy from rent-seeking is conducive to the performance of private firms, it is not the case for SOEs. This implies that rent-seeking activities serve as a ＂lubricant＇for private firms but have a ＂stumbling block＂ effect for SOEs.

Determinants of Joint Venture Performance in Cambodia

This study reviews important variables related to joint venture performance and identifies the key determinants of joint venture performance in Cambodia. A model of joint venture performance in Cambodia is proposed and tested. Finally guidelines for successful joint venture performance in Cambodia are proposed. Based on a study of 62 firms and interviews with 19 joint venture mangers and government officers, it was found that the most important factors driving the formation of a joint venture included access to an emerging new market, utilization of abundant and cheap labor, and existence of government incentives. The most serious obstacles to joint venture performance in Cambodia were corruption, lack of physical infrastructure, bureaucracy, and competition from a black market and smuggling. For the results indicate there are significant correlations between performance and trust, control, commitment, and ownership. Suggested guidelines to improve joint venture performance in Cambodia are proposed.

Huawei＇s American Dream

Today, Huawei is a global giant generating over $32 billion in annual revenues, with offices in more than 140 countries. Despite its global success, its expansion efforts have been repeatedly blocked by U.S. government agencies. This, in turn, has contributed to Huawei debates in some other countries as well. How did Huawei become a global leader？ Why are some U.S. government agencies anxious about its expansion in America, whereas the marketplace is not？ Why does it divide the Congress and the White House？ What are the ultimate reasons for the debacle？ What are the lessons for Chinese companies and the U.S. government？ And why does the closure of the Huawei case matter？

Teacher Training in Turkey From Historical Perspective

A major educational debate today concerns how to recruit and prepare teachers all over the world. In other words policy makers in education attempt to figure out high quality initial teacher training programs. Similarly, one of the main controversial issues in Turkey is who is going to be a teacher. Alternative programs for recruiting and preparing teacher have been devised, discussed, and applied. However, these programs have been implemented not because of results of research comparing the effectiveness of teachers from different types of preparation backgrounds but the program has been implemented because of current government policies. Since Turkish education system is centralized, the Ministry of National Education appoints all novice teachers according to their scores in the nationwide state examination conducted by state for state employee. Teachers in Turkey are recruited from two sources： One is education faculty graduates to be teacher at elementary, middle and high schools. The other source is different faculty graduates such as faculty of literature, art, science, theology, and etc. to teacher, particularly, at high schools. The aim of this study is to review teacher training and recruitment in Turkey from 1923 to present. The method of this study is to analyze printed document and changing policies and reforms about training and recruiting teachers in Turkish schools. During the Republic Era teacher training policies and applications have been changed several times radically. In addition, the effectiveness of factors on teacher training policies in terms of year and theory is indicated.

The Cost Analysis on the Law Regulation for Recycling Economy

The paper analyzes the external economy of pollution, Two different cost models of enterprises are established From the point of enterprises and the government, the measures of eliminating the externalily are discussed, and the limits the measures are analyzed.

The Role of NGOs for Agribusiness Enterprises Development in Pakistan： Current Scenarios and Future Implications

This research ascertains the significant contribution of the Non-Government Organization （NGO） sector in Pakistan for the development of agribusiness enterprises. The NGO sector does not contemplate the emerging trends of agribusiness enterprises in terms of the current and future scenario in context of more efficient agro food systems under the network paradigm. Two of the many NGOs that are engaged in rural development launched various programs to support more efficient marketing systems as the precondition of better well-being. These two NGOs and their various development activities relevant to agribusiness enterprises have been analyzed in this study. The findings reveal that the evaluation matrix for the market activities of these two NGOs characterizes much potential. They are more efficient to strengthen the link between the farmers, market and rural development initiatives. However, in order to improve the linkages NGOs have to act for improving knowledge management in a more holistic way.

Exploration of the problem and measures of financing of Small and Medium Enterprises under the sight of economic restructuring

This paper firstly analyzes status and financing behavior properties of SME, pointing out that the government has the responsibility and obligation to solve the financing problems of SMEs, and then analyzes the current situation of the reasons for SME financing and financing difficulties combined with the current economic situation, and finally comes up with specific measures from the establishment of the enterprise credit system, the establishment of small and medium financial institutions, expanding financing channels, increasing government support and accelerating the pace of restructuring and other aspects to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs.

Technical Efficiency Estimation of Government Linked Companies in Malaysia

The Malaysian government launched the Government Linked Companies Transformation （GLCT） Programme in May 2004, with the aim, amongst others, of ensuring continuous improvement of these firms amidst global trade competitiveness and economic challenges. This paper examines technical efficiency of government linked companies （GLCs） and benchmarks the result with top foreign owned firms listed in Bursa Malaysia. The study employs an unbalanced panel dataset of 31 existing GLCs over a period of nine years （2000-2008） using the stochastic frontier model. The results provide estimates of mean technical efficiency of these firms for the first time, and highlight the variation between the GLCs and foreign owned firms which represent international standard. The findings show mean technical efficiency of GLCs is moving towards the frontier but it still relatively low compared to the foreign firms. The trend declined drastically at the later period showing a wider gap against the benchmark firms. The findings hope to contribute to the growing literature on firms＇ efficiency focusing on privatized firms in developing countries.

An Enquiry Into the Responsiveness of Corporate Profitability to Corporate Governance Mechanism＂ Evidences From Malaysian Government-Linked Companies （GLCs）

Realizing the importance of corporate governance, many governments have embarked upon various initiatives. In Malaysia, the recently introduced Green Book program aims to strengthen the corporate governance among the government-linked companies （GLCs）, in view of their significant contributions to the national socio-economic development. The Green Book initiative, launched in 2005, contains, among other things, a provision to create a high-performing board. Performance of GLCs, therefore, is likely to scale better heights with the modification of the constitution of the boards. The present paper aims to examine the association between the selected corporate governance attributes and performance of GLCs in 2010, approximately five years since the implementation of the transformation program. The regression analysis reveals that none of the selected corporate governance indicators has significantly impacted the performance of GLCs. The findings serve as a wake-up call to the authorities to appraise the effectiveness of the transformation program in enhancing the performance of GLCs.

Analysis on Human Resource Outsourcing in Chinese Government

Social and economic development, the deepening of the reform of our government have higher requirements, then the Government is an important step in the implementation of human resources outsourcing, is now the phenomenon of corporate human resources outsourcing has been very common, the Government also needs further enterprise, This paper studies the cost-benefit analysis of government human resource outsourcing by deepening the understanding of human resource management and the comparative analysis of government and enterprise human resource management to verify whether it is feasible and the way to outsource human resource management. The content has made the detailed analysis, to study our country government＇s human resources outsourcing question has the vital significance.

Game of Property Rights and System Change

Governments＇ protection and support are very important for rural enterprises during their birth and development. But, in fact, governments own the rights to control the operation of rural enterprises to a large extent. Govemments encourage and lead the reform of property rights of rural enterprises. Why governments are willing to give up vested interests, and actively promote the reform of property rights of rural enterprises？ This seems to be the key to explain the reform of property rights of rural enterprises. This paper puts forward the hypothesis, uses mathematical models and statistical analyses, and adopts relevant data to verify the needs of governments for fiscal targets, and the rationality of their behavior actively encourages and promotes reconstruction during the reform for maximizing their interests.

Diversity and Board Effectiveness： A Case of India

A number of research studies have dealt with the relationship between diversity and effectiveness of corporate boards. The present paper makes an attempt to provide an international perspective on diversity and effectiveness of corporate boards and examines such relationship in detail in the case of India. The paper presents the theory relating to diversity and board effectiveness with particular reference to women on boards. The position of diversity as related to the boards of National Stock Exchange （NSE） listed 511 companies and the 245 state-owned enterprises （SOEs） by the Government of India （GoI） is reflected in the paper. It then examines gender diversity specifically in the case of India and Singapore. Drawing from the evidence of diversity in the case of global companies, it offers the rationale for making boards global in composition and character. The paper highlights an interestiiag issue： whether the boards should have younger or veteran members？ This follows a discussion on diversity of boards in terms of skills, age, and personalities. Finally, the paper makes suggestions for balance boards to enhance their effectiveness and brings out lessons for the corporate organizations to promote diversity of their boards.

An Overview of the Feasibility of Achieving Level 2 Building Information Modeling by 2016 in the UK

The aim of this study is to investigate the current status and feasibility of achieving Level 2 BIM （building information modeling） usage that is to be made mandatory by the UK govermnent on its projects by the year 2016. This study assesses the level at which organizational and practitioner knowledge of BIM is currently positioned. The UK government, being the largest public stakeholder client, has realized the benefits and advantages of BIM when used in procuring projects across their lifecycle in the built environment. A critical review of the BIM literature was carried out and the evidence base was created in relation to government targets for 2016. At the current stage, Level 2 BIM adoption is achievable by 2016 for large construction firms but not for SMEs （small medium enterprise）. Also, from evidence in this study, the technology needs to be properly tailored to meet SME variables if Level 2 status is to be achieved for the entire industry.

A Study on the Compensation Gap among Executives at Chinese Enterprises

Based on data for 2005 to 2012, an analysis of the compensation gap between top executives at different Chinese listed companies reveals the following conclusions. （1） The large compensation gap existing among executives at listed Chinese companies--in some years even larger than that between rank-and-file employees--is mainly caused by the exorbitant executive compensation at a minority of companies. （2） Between 2005 and 2012, the compensation gap first widened dramatically and then diminished gradually. The leading factor in this fluctuation was the drastic rise and fall in the level of executive compensation at a handful of financial enterprises. The main reason for the narrowing of the compensation gap is central government regulation, which has helped to curb the excessive growth of executive compensation in society as a whole. （3） Even in the same round of fluctuation, state-owned listed companies differ markedly from non-state-owned listed companies in the way their executive compensation is decided. （4） State-owned listed companies＇ executive compensation strategies and their internal governance structure have not played their due role in moderating the overly rapid growth of their executives＇ compensation or in reducing the compensation gap.