Mexico is considered by different international organizations as a country where the bovine tuberculosis is an endemic problem. However, there are important and consistent improvements in eradicating the disease by th...Mexico is considered by different international organizations as a country where the bovine tuberculosis is an endemic problem. However, there are important and consistent improvements in eradicating the disease by the implementation of government policies and with the livestock organization support. The current situation of the program shows good results regarding decreasing the prevalence, and as a consequence, the risk of this disease for public health and animal health, as well as the improvement in animal production and international and national trade. Today, the bovine tuberculosis distribution is almost known in Mexico. In addition, a series of controls and indicators have been established, which allow maintain consistency and reliability in the data that are managed and analyzed.展开更多
This research aimed to study on the people and the local government. The samples were 395 respondents over 18 years old, selected locally of Mahasarakham Municipality, Thailand. The research found that the level of kn...This research aimed to study on the people and the local government. The samples were 395 respondents over 18 years old, selected locally of Mahasarakham Municipality, Thailand. The research found that the level of knowledge, understanding, and attitudes toward civic rights and duties of administrative affairs was at a high level but participation in the local administration was rated at a low level. The relationship between knowledge, understanding, and attitudes toward civic rights and duties of administrative affairs of the community was positive correlated. The relationship between knowledge and understanding toward civic rights and duties and participation in the community administration and the relationship between attitudes toward civic rights and duties in administrative affairs and participation in the local government administration were not correlated. Some recommendations were the local government organizations should promote and provide more information to build the right understandings and improve good attitudes toward civic rights and duties in administrative affairs. Local administrators and local leaders should play an important role to advocate and encourage public opinions toward a political ideology to ensure the public mind and make the vision ＂people-centered＂. Most importantly, the State shall pursue directive principles of State policies in relation to public participation.展开更多
Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of econom...Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of economy and society.This article explores an effective mechanism of managing resource and environment in China.It examines some major resource and environmental issues,and constructs a framework of institution innovation to cover three sectors(government,market and society) . In addition,the article analyzes their experience and evaluation in resource management and environmental conservation during the transitional period.We argue that the combination of market regulation,government intervention and public participation is an effective way of allocating resource and protecting environment. Some suggestions are put forward to balance the relationship between them,including coordinating role of government and market,building platform for market operation and creating an atmosphere of public participation.展开更多
During the course of the last years the need for the increase in the electric energy production in Brazil as well as in the rest of the world, has raised the tone of the debate about the environment impact of such pro...During the course of the last years the need for the increase in the electric energy production in Brazil as well as in the rest of the world, has raised the tone of the debate about the environment impact of such production. As a result of these debates, both the several levels of government and some of the NGOs （Non-Governmental Organizations） have commissioned innumerous opinion researches aiming at measuring and evaluating the knowledge and perception of the public in relation of the best non-polluting energy sources. Prior to 2001 these researches would not make any sense in Brazil., however due to that year＇s drought, the competent authorities were faced with the necessity of developing a plan, the PNE2030 （Piano Nacional de Energia） aiming, among others objectives, at finalizing the construction of the Angra three plants and implementing new nuclear plants in places still to be determined. Allowing for the complexity of the subject, this paper presents a field research conducted from September 28th, 2010 to October 28th, 2010 assessing the current level of perception of the Brazilian population about the nuclear area, in particular of the residents of three cities of Rio de Janeiro. As a result of this work, the authors suggest how the competent authorities should proceed to reach in an efficient manner a greater understanding of the population about the proposed subject, through communication campaigns being both informative and educational.展开更多
Political communication is an interactive process by which politicians transmit information and political discourse to voters and receive feedback through media. This communication process is a two way process of comm...Political communication is an interactive process by which politicians transmit information and political discourse to voters and receive feedback through media. This communication process is a two way process of communication between politicians and voters by which, on the one hand, politicians transmit their thoughts and wills to voters, and on the other hand voters communicate their opinions to politicians, after interpreting, in different ways, the messages that they received. The key objective of political communication is to persuade or influence and cause voters, who are the target audience, to vote for a particular party by convincing them. In order to ensure the smooth operation of political communication processes it is essential that the parliament, government, political parties, non-governmental organizations, environmentalist groups and pressure groups also actually take part in this process The decisive and transformative power of mass media and advertising phenomenon on the political systems has grown to become more and more influential in the recent years. The use of information considerably increases in line with the increase in the use of propaganda. No doubL this information age has turned the world into ＂a universal village＂. On the one hand, the concentration in media and on the other hand rapid developments in Internet technologies expose societies to the bombardment of messages. Being exposed to or bombarded by numerous varieties of messages in their daily lives lead to the creation of variabilities and instabilities in individual＇s behaviors. Accordingly, political organizations while trying to convey messages to masses through political communication and advertising have to deliver systematic, comprehensible and influential messages by taking the advantage of visualization as much as possible.展开更多
As disturbing as youth and gun violence is, it is not hard to reduce the mortality rate because it is preventable. The information provided in this research will help to get policies waiting to be reviewed by legislat...As disturbing as youth and gun violence is, it is not hard to reduce the mortality rate because it is preventable. The information provided in this research will help to get policies waiting to be reviewed by legislators, and any new proposal that reaches the appropriate legislative chamber, reviewed without obstacles and will help to prevent youth violence. Upon completion of this research, the study shows that rates of youth violence have decreased based on programs implemented at the state government level with a stronger juvenile justice system holding offenders accountable to ensure public safety and reduce youth violence and victimization. The study shows that community and school involvement with law enforcement and government agencies are some of the strategies needed to help reduce gun violence and rebuild communities.展开更多
Public procurement （PP） is considered as one of the key most important functions of any government across the world. Over the years, it has been argued by the scholars that third party engagement （except government...Public procurement （PP） is considered as one of the key most important functions of any government across the world. Over the years, it has been argued by the scholars that third party engagement （except government officials and bidders） in procurement system facilitates to achieve good governance in this sector. In this regard, it is generally expected that third-party monitoring （TPM） of PP, especially monitoring by citizens might earn the trust and confidence of the people in government activities. This study aims at exploring the roles of media in promoting citizen engagement （CE） in PP in order to make the procurement process impartial, efficient, effective, and accountable. The study uses a qualitative methodology in conducting the research with the data being collected through key informant interview, semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions （FGD）, secondary document, and literature reviews. The findings of this study suggest that if the media can play an effective role, the procurement literacy rate will be increasing. Hence, an enabling environment could be created where people will feel at ease to talk about compliance with procurement rules and acts. Hence, media may act as a catalyst to promote citizens involvement in the PP process to hold the respective groups accountable for their activities.展开更多
Great importance is attached to public participation in environmental protection activities. Public participation is the requirement for human race to protect themselves and to realize their environmental rights. The ...Great importance is attached to public participation in environmental protection activities. Public participation is the requirement for human race to protect themselves and to realize their environmental rights. The issue of respecting human rights is the substance. Public participation will produce tremendous deterrent power and impact to solve environmental problems, for it＇s strong, extensive and wise. World forms of public participation include political parties, non-government organizations, and environmental movements. History indicates that the initial power of protecting environmental was from the public. No public participation, no environmental movements. Therefore, our government and environmental protection departments should encourage good conditions for it. public participation and create展开更多
During the Chinese Communist Revolution, Mao Ze-dong developed and used the mass hne to link the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party（CPC） with the masses. Atier 1949, the mass line mechanism fell into disuse;...During the Chinese Communist Revolution, Mao Ze-dong developed and used the mass hne to link the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party（CPC） with the masses. Atier 1949, the mass line mechanism fell into disuse; but in today＇s China, there seems to be a trend toward more openness. Deng-era reforms have decentralized the central government, weakened adherence to Party ideology, and reduced the state＇s control. In order to deal with diversified social interests, the CPC is renewing and extending the practice of the mass line through state-liceused intermediate organizations. By doing so, the central government is not only creating a channel for interest articulation but also deepening state control and regulation of civil society to ensure that power remains largely centralized.展开更多
Four financial models of massification of higher education are discussed in this essay.They are American model,Western European model,Southeast Asian and Latin American model and the transition countrie’s model.The c...Four financial models of massification of higher education are discussed in this essay.They are American model,Western European model,Southeast Asian and Latin American model and the transition countrie’s model.The comparison of the four models comes to the conclusion that taking advantage of nongovernmental funding is fundamental to dealing with financial difficulty faced by higher education.As a result,it can be argued that the declining of higher education quality does not necessarily have to do with schooling system.On the contrary,the development of private higher education helps the activation mechanism of competition so as to cultivate talents needed by the society.展开更多
文摘Mexico is considered by different international organizations as a country where the bovine tuberculosis is an endemic problem. However, there are important and consistent improvements in eradicating the disease by the implementation of government policies and with the livestock organization support. The current situation of the program shows good results regarding decreasing the prevalence, and as a consequence, the risk of this disease for public health and animal health, as well as the improvement in animal production and international and national trade. Today, the bovine tuberculosis distribution is almost known in Mexico. In addition, a series of controls and indicators have been established, which allow maintain consistency and reliability in the data that are managed and analyzed.
文摘This research aimed to study on the people and the local government. The samples were 395 respondents over 18 years old, selected locally of Mahasarakham Municipality, Thailand. The research found that the level of knowledge, understanding, and attitudes toward civic rights and duties of administrative affairs was at a high level but participation in the local administration was rated at a low level. The relationship between knowledge, understanding, and attitudes toward civic rights and duties of administrative affairs of the community was positive correlated. The relationship between knowledge and understanding toward civic rights and duties and participation in the community administration and the relationship between attitudes toward civic rights and duties in administrative affairs and participation in the local government administration were not correlated. Some recommendations were the local government organizations should promote and provide more information to build the right understandings and improve good attitudes toward civic rights and duties in administrative affairs. Local administrators and local leaders should play an important role to advocate and encourage public opinions toward a political ideology to ensure the public mind and make the vision ＂people-centered＂. Most importantly, the State shall pursue directive principles of State policies in relation to public participation.
基金funded by important direction of Chinese Academy of Sciences Knowledge Innovation Project(Grant no.kzcx2-yw-321)the National Natural Science Funds of Research on Water Pollution Effects of Industrial Agglomeration and Spatial Optimization-Case of Sunan Area(Grant no. 70703033)
文摘Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of economy and society.This article explores an effective mechanism of managing resource and environment in China.It examines some major resource and environmental issues,and constructs a framework of institution innovation to cover three sectors(government,market and society) . In addition,the article analyzes their experience and evaluation in resource management and environmental conservation during the transitional period.We argue that the combination of market regulation,government intervention and public participation is an effective way of allocating resource and protecting environment. Some suggestions are put forward to balance the relationship between them,including coordinating role of government and market,building platform for market operation and creating an atmosphere of public participation.
文摘During the course of the last years the need for the increase in the electric energy production in Brazil as well as in the rest of the world, has raised the tone of the debate about the environment impact of such production. As a result of these debates, both the several levels of government and some of the NGOs （Non-Governmental Organizations） have commissioned innumerous opinion researches aiming at measuring and evaluating the knowledge and perception of the public in relation of the best non-polluting energy sources. Prior to 2001 these researches would not make any sense in Brazil., however due to that year＇s drought, the competent authorities were faced with the necessity of developing a plan, the PNE2030 （Piano Nacional de Energia） aiming, among others objectives, at finalizing the construction of the Angra three plants and implementing new nuclear plants in places still to be determined. Allowing for the complexity of the subject, this paper presents a field research conducted from September 28th, 2010 to October 28th, 2010 assessing the current level of perception of the Brazilian population about the nuclear area, in particular of the residents of three cities of Rio de Janeiro. As a result of this work, the authors suggest how the competent authorities should proceed to reach in an efficient manner a greater understanding of the population about the proposed subject, through communication campaigns being both informative and educational.
文摘Political communication is an interactive process by which politicians transmit information and political discourse to voters and receive feedback through media. This communication process is a two way process of communication between politicians and voters by which, on the one hand, politicians transmit their thoughts and wills to voters, and on the other hand voters communicate their opinions to politicians, after interpreting, in different ways, the messages that they received. The key objective of political communication is to persuade or influence and cause voters, who are the target audience, to vote for a particular party by convincing them. In order to ensure the smooth operation of political communication processes it is essential that the parliament, government, political parties, non-governmental organizations, environmentalist groups and pressure groups also actually take part in this process The decisive and transformative power of mass media and advertising phenomenon on the political systems has grown to become more and more influential in the recent years. The use of information considerably increases in line with the increase in the use of propaganda. No doubL this information age has turned the world into ＂a universal village＂. On the one hand, the concentration in media and on the other hand rapid developments in Internet technologies expose societies to the bombardment of messages. Being exposed to or bombarded by numerous varieties of messages in their daily lives lead to the creation of variabilities and instabilities in individual＇s behaviors. Accordingly, political organizations while trying to convey messages to masses through political communication and advertising have to deliver systematic, comprehensible and influential messages by taking the advantage of visualization as much as possible.
文摘As disturbing as youth and gun violence is, it is not hard to reduce the mortality rate because it is preventable. The information provided in this research will help to get policies waiting to be reviewed by legislators, and any new proposal that reaches the appropriate legislative chamber, reviewed without obstacles and will help to prevent youth violence. Upon completion of this research, the study shows that rates of youth violence have decreased based on programs implemented at the state government level with a stronger juvenile justice system holding offenders accountable to ensure public safety and reduce youth violence and victimization. The study shows that community and school involvement with law enforcement and government agencies are some of the strategies needed to help reduce gun violence and rebuild communities.
文摘Public procurement （PP） is considered as one of the key most important functions of any government across the world. Over the years, it has been argued by the scholars that third party engagement （except government officials and bidders） in procurement system facilitates to achieve good governance in this sector. In this regard, it is generally expected that third-party monitoring （TPM） of PP, especially monitoring by citizens might earn the trust and confidence of the people in government activities. This study aims at exploring the roles of media in promoting citizen engagement （CE） in PP in order to make the procurement process impartial, efficient, effective, and accountable. The study uses a qualitative methodology in conducting the research with the data being collected through key informant interview, semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions （FGD）, secondary document, and literature reviews. The findings of this study suggest that if the media can play an effective role, the procurement literacy rate will be increasing. Hence, an enabling environment could be created where people will feel at ease to talk about compliance with procurement rules and acts. Hence, media may act as a catalyst to promote citizens involvement in the PP process to hold the respective groups accountable for their activities.
文摘Great importance is attached to public participation in environmental protection activities. Public participation is the requirement for human race to protect themselves and to realize their environmental rights. The issue of respecting human rights is the substance. Public participation will produce tremendous deterrent power and impact to solve environmental problems, for it＇s strong, extensive and wise. World forms of public participation include political parties, non-government organizations, and environmental movements. History indicates that the initial power of protecting environmental was from the public. No public participation, no environmental movements. Therefore, our government and environmental protection departments should encourage good conditions for it. public participation and create
文摘During the Chinese Communist Revolution, Mao Ze-dong developed and used the mass hne to link the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party（CPC） with the masses. Atier 1949, the mass line mechanism fell into disuse; but in today＇s China, there seems to be a trend toward more openness. Deng-era reforms have decentralized the central government, weakened adherence to Party ideology, and reduced the state＇s control. In order to deal with diversified social interests, the CPC is renewing and extending the practice of the mass line through state-liceused intermediate organizations. By doing so, the central government is not only creating a channel for interest articulation but also deepening state control and regulation of civil society to ensure that power remains largely centralized.
文摘Four financial models of massification of higher education are discussed in this essay.They are American model,Western European model,Southeast Asian and Latin American model and the transition countrie’s model.The comparison of the four models comes to the conclusion that taking advantage of nongovernmental funding is fundamental to dealing with financial difficulty faced by higher education.As a result,it can be argued that the declining of higher education quality does not necessarily have to do with schooling system.On the contrary,the development of private higher education helps the activation mechanism of competition so as to cultivate talents needed by the society.
