Among all the emission reduction measures,carbon tax is recognized as the most effective way to protect our climate.That is why the Chinese government has recently taken it as a tax reform direction.In the current eco...Among all the emission reduction measures,carbon tax is recognized as the most effective way to protect our climate.That is why the Chinese government has recently taken it as a tax reform direction.In the current economic analysis,the design of carbon tax is mostly based on the target to maximize the efficiency.However,based on the theory of tax system optimization,we should also consider other policy objectives,such as equity,revenue and cost,and then balance different objectives to achieve the suboptimum reform of carbon tax system in China.展开更多
This essay is an historical, global, and intellectually oriented analytical commentary on 2013 general and quinquennial presidential election in Kenya and the factors that contributed to its outcome. The analysis and ...This essay is an historical, global, and intellectually oriented analytical commentary on 2013 general and quinquennial presidential election in Kenya and the factors that contributed to its outcome. The analysis and its interpretive conclusion have been informed via the reading of professor Sagini＇s two books展开更多
Public procurement （PP） is considered as one of the key most important functions of any government across the world. Over the years, it has been argued by the scholars that third party engagement （except government...Public procurement （PP） is considered as one of the key most important functions of any government across the world. Over the years, it has been argued by the scholars that third party engagement （except government officials and bidders） in procurement system facilitates to achieve good governance in this sector. In this regard, it is generally expected that third-party monitoring （TPM） of PP, especially monitoring by citizens might earn the trust and confidence of the people in government activities. This study aims at exploring the roles of media in promoting citizen engagement （CE） in PP in order to make the procurement process impartial, efficient, effective, and accountable. The study uses a qualitative methodology in conducting the research with the data being collected through key informant interview, semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions （FGD）, secondary document, and literature reviews. The findings of this study suggest that if the media can play an effective role, the procurement literacy rate will be increasing. Hence, an enabling environment could be created where people will feel at ease to talk about compliance with procurement rules and acts. Hence, media may act as a catalyst to promote citizens involvement in the PP process to hold the respective groups accountable for their activities.展开更多
文摘Among all the emission reduction measures,carbon tax is recognized as the most effective way to protect our climate.That is why the Chinese government has recently taken it as a tax reform direction.In the current economic analysis,the design of carbon tax is mostly based on the target to maximize the efficiency.However,based on the theory of tax system optimization,we should also consider other policy objectives,such as equity,revenue and cost,and then balance different objectives to achieve the suboptimum reform of carbon tax system in China.
文摘This essay is an historical, global, and intellectually oriented analytical commentary on 2013 general and quinquennial presidential election in Kenya and the factors that contributed to its outcome. The analysis and its interpretive conclusion have been informed via the reading of professor Sagini＇s two books
文摘Public procurement （PP） is considered as one of the key most important functions of any government across the world. Over the years, it has been argued by the scholars that third party engagement （except government officials and bidders） in procurement system facilitates to achieve good governance in this sector. In this regard, it is generally expected that third-party monitoring （TPM） of PP, especially monitoring by citizens might earn the trust and confidence of the people in government activities. This study aims at exploring the roles of media in promoting citizen engagement （CE） in PP in order to make the procurement process impartial, efficient, effective, and accountable. The study uses a qualitative methodology in conducting the research with the data being collected through key informant interview, semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions （FGD）, secondary document, and literature reviews. The findings of this study suggest that if the media can play an effective role, the procurement literacy rate will be increasing. Hence, an enabling environment could be created where people will feel at ease to talk about compliance with procurement rules and acts. Hence, media may act as a catalyst to promote citizens involvement in the PP process to hold the respective groups accountable for their activities.
