我国转继承制度论析

转继承是继承法中的一项重要制度,有关转继承的客体、转继承的适用范围,以及被转继承人权利如何行使等,学者间都存在不同的认识。本文认为转继承的客体应是被转继承人实际分得的遗产份额;适用范围应该包括:法定继承、遗嘱继承、遗赠、对被继承人尽了主要抚养义务的人—适当分得遗产、遗赠抚养协议等;对于被转继承人权利行使时应分为完全民事行为能力人与非完全民事行为能力人。对于非完全民事行为能力人的权利行使时,应推定接受,对于完全民事行为能力人,则应分情况对待。

对构建知识主导型财政政策的思考

本文通过知识经济下中国所面临的挑战和机遇的阐述,提出了知识经济对国家财政政策的新要求,指出:只有重新确立国家财政政策的主导思想,构建知识主导型的财政政策,才能适应知识的发展,提高国家的知识创新能力,促进国民经济持续稳定的发展。

基层社会治理所面临的问题及对策

党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会不断对社会治理提出要求、作出安排部署。这是我们党深入分析我国发展阶段性特征得出的新结论,是社会建设理论上的一次新飞跃,也为新形势下创新基层社会治理提供了科学指南和基本遵循。基层社会治理需要立足协调推进"四个全面"战略布局,借鉴国内外社会治理的先进经验,以"党进、政转、社活、民治"为主要路径,着力构建形成党领导下多方参与、互动协作、共同治理的运行机制和制度体系,实现民心在基层凝聚、资源在基层整合、问题在基层解决、服务在基层拓展,加快推进基层治理体系和治理能力现代化。

A Study on Vertical Spatial Transfer of Cultivated Land in Yunnan Province from 1986 to 2008

Based upon ArCGIS,the vertical spatial transfer law of cultivated land in Yunnan was studied through referring to three periods of remote sensing data of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change（LUCC） in Yunnan in 1986,1995 and 2000,Digital Elevation Model（DEM） of Yunnan Province and LUCC data in Yunnan from 2000 to 2008.The main factors that promote vertical spatial transfer law of cultivated land were analyzed by using SPSS,and the influence of policies and government acts upon the change of cultivated land was clarified.The findings indicated that for Yunnan cultivated land there is a trend that in the vertical direction steep slope areas and gentle slope areas divert into mid-slope areas.The primary factor influencing the vertical spatial transfer of cultivated land was policies and government acts.Also,the gradient of ground,total population and number of agriculture employed persons were also main factors in influencing the change of cultivated land,whose influence was obviously below policies and government acts.

Comparison of the Evolution of Genetically Modified Food Safety Policies between the United States and the European Union

With the research on and development of Genetically Modified Food （GMF）, people＇s attitude toward GMF may fall into two divergent categories, typical- ly represented by the United States（US） and the European Union（EU）, respectively. The former follows a ＂sound science principle＂ and firmly objects to the precautionary principle, namely a permissive policy of positive support of and voluntary labelling on GMF; while the latter adopts a cautiously precautionary principle, requiring mandatory labelling and traceability. From the standpoint of regulatory principles, together with corresponding supervisory measures and relevant provisions, this paper compared the execution of directives and provisions on GMF from the initial policies enacted by the US and EU to current situation combined with the track and analysis of latest polic ies issued.

Long-term Dynamics of Cultivated Land Resources and Their Driving Forces of Guyuan City in Upper Reaches of Jinghe River

The land use patterns in Guyuan City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China,have changed greatly over the years,due to population growth and farming and stock raising development.This study,using 50-year statis-tical data of cultivated land and 14-year spatial data of land use pattern,analyzed the developmental stages,the char-acter,and the spatial variance of farmland in the city,and discussed the driving forces of cultivated land changes based on empirical and conceptual statistical models.First,the change of cultivated land area went through different stages of rapid increase,fluctuating change,decrease and rapid decrease from 1949 to 2004,additionally,social and economic policies in different stages had an important impact on farmland variance.Second,from 1986 to 2000,the quantity of cultivated land increased,but its quality decreased.Third,social and economic factors are determinant factors in culti-vated land transition.Five constructed paths explain cultivated land transition.Factors that have direct or indirect ef-fects on farmland include the economy(Xeco),the population(Xpop),agricultural output(Xagr),and scientific input(Xsci).The sequence of impact was Xeco>Xpop>Xsci>Xagr.Among all these impacts,Xeco was the major positive one,and Xpop was the major negative one.It is urgent to take measures or adopt a policy to stop the vicious cycle in eco-environment and agriculture production.Otherwise,negative patterns of farmland use will increase,and high-quality cultivated land will continue to decline.

Transfer payments from the central government to the local governments and the local governments' efforts on taxation: taking China as an example

The influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments on the local governments＇ efforts on taxation must be taken into consideration by every country for the design of the transfer payments. Based on the theoretical analysis on the influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments＇ on the local governments＇ payments＇, this paper indicates that the local governments＇ efforts on taxation depends on the demand elasticity of the district for public goods, It increases with the increase of the elasticity. Judge the degree of the local govet：nment＇s efforts on taxation by measure 2. After an empirical analysis on the transJer payments from the central government to the local governments＇from 2000 to 2004, this paper gets the con- clusion that the local governments＇ effbrts on taxation ctbates with the increase of supporting payments or with the increase of the ratio of transfer payments to local wiliing public paymentS. Under speCific Circumstances, the higher the ratio of transfer payments to the local fiscal expenditure is. the smaller the local governments＇ efforts＇ on taxation is＂ under the central payments, whereas＇ the higher the local income is, the higher the efforts is under the central pav- ments. Based on this＇, this paper gives the meaning of its eOrresponding pofiCieS. ＂

Building Warships and Nurturing Technical Talent at the Foochow Navy Yard during the Self-Strengthening Movement

In 1866, after the Opium Wars, the Chinese official Zuo Zongtang established the Foochow Navy Yard, which aimed to facilitate the independent construction of modern warships. French advisers, engineers, teachers, and craftsmen were hired, and a series of French schools for naval construction, drawing, and apprenticeship were set up. Previous studies have nearly exhausted the historical material on the Foochow Navy Yard, but few of them give an exact evaluation on its shipbuilding and educational levels. This paper traces the French sources on the shipbuilding technology and educational system at the Foochow Navy Yard and conducts a comparative study. With the guidance and assistance of foreigners, the Foochow Navy Yard gained the ability to assemble ships and imitate engines, while it remained necessary to import design drawings and structural components. The most outstanding students that the navy yard nurtured may have reached the level of école Polytechnique graduates, but the quality of students was hard to maintain. The backwardness of its conceptualization and the lack of financial and political support also contributed to its decline.

On Financial Transfer Payment System from the Public Service Equalization Perspective

equalization of public services is not only conducive to the promotion of social justice; it maintains social stability and national unity, but also helps to promote the coordinated development of economy and society. States should give full play to the role of taxation mechanisms to actively promote the use of transfer payments to the equalization of basic public services. In this paper, we focus on China＇ s current system of transfer payments problems and we should deepen mode of transfer payment system＇ s equalization of basic public services under the trend of design.

Breakthrough and New Projects for Reform of Household Registration System

Under the comprehensive deepening reform and promoting new urbanization,China launched a new round of reform of household registration system.Reform has a major breakthrough in five areas:to implement new urbanization strategy of human-centric,to achieve equalization of basic public services gradually,to break up land rights and rural migrants,to provide protection for family migrants,and to increase financial support by governments.But the reform still faces many difficulties,how to determine the conditions settled by city size is difficult to implement effectively,financial transfer payment system reform is facing enormous diffi culties,as well as the size of the urban population is diffi cult to determine etc.

The transformation of China＇s economic and government functions

The content of China＇s economic transformation is not single, and this article argues that it includes three parts. The first is the reform of economic system, the second is the change in the pattern of economic growth, and the third is the adjustment of economic structure. Government is the leading force of China＇s economic transformation, and repeated reform of government institutions has brought about some changes to government functions. But problems are obvious that lag changes of government functions have become an obstacle in China＇s economic transformation. This article describes the historical evolution and the reality of China＇s economic transformation, and analyzes the main reasons of lag changes in government functions, and reveals that the transformation of government functions is the key for successful transformation of China＇s economy.

Research on risk dodges of industrial structure readjustment in mining industry city

It was mainly research on the causes, manifestations, and risk dodges of the industry risk selection, industry structure dsk during the readjustment of the industrial structure and the establishment of the early-warning model of risk aversion.

The Financing Situation and Suggestion of the Construction of Indemnificatory Housing in the Background of Land Finance Transformation

In recent years, the Chinese government has taken lots of measures to expand domestic demand and promote economic growth in response to the financial crisis. Accelerating the construction of indemnificatory housing is one of the most important measures. In order to solve the problem of the insufficient supply of the indemnificatory housing, the government speed up the construction of indemnificatory housing and constantly expand the scale of the construction. With the increase of indemnificatory housing, the problem of construction fund is increasingly highlighted. Large-scale construction of indemnificatory housing in the short term results in large funds pressure. Indemnificatory housing fund has several notable features, it requires a large demand for money and the capital turnover time is quite long. Also, its poor liquidity makes it difficult to get your money out at any time. In this article, the present situation and existing problems of indemnificatory housing are analyzed, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward combining the capital sources of indemnificatory housing, so as to provide reference for indemnificatory housing financing.

Eco-compensation and Harmonious Regional Development in China

Harmonious regional development poses difficult problems, especially in so far as the harmonious regional development of ecological resources is concerned. China has explored several eco-compensation models, and in each province eco-compensation has different characteristics. These methods have had significant impacts. The aim of this paper is first to examine the meaning of ecocompensation and to present a framework for analyzing it. Next the development of eco-compensation in China is examined. Finally, four typical models of eco-compensation are compared: the government financial transfer payment compensation model; the ecological resource exploiters′ payment compensation model; the ecological destruction compensation model; and the ecological resource tax collection compensation model. Each model has its own unique feature and potential to contribute to harmonious regional development.

New Thoughts on the Construction and Transition of the Balanced Score Card Model of the Performance Value to Chinese Leaders of the Party and Government

Applying the strategic performance method of the balanced score card and the new thinking, the text structures the balanced score card theoretical model Party and government, further investigates and sets up of performance evaluation to the Chinese leaders of the the applied function model and appraisal model of the balanced score card theoretical model of performance evaluation to the Chinese leaders of the Party and government. The foundation and implementation of these kinds of models can improve its competence and reign power; will promote the whole performance development of the Chinese Party and government organs, it will create the enormous economic benefits and social benefits.

The Moving Image 16, no. 1—Special Issue： Early Cinema and the Archives

This paper would investigate the Moving Image Archive at the Cinema Museum in Tehran to highlight the importance of new media in Iran after the 1930s and the changes that were brought about by the birth of cinema in the existing geopolitical conditions. It would look very closely at the first silent film made in Iran titled Haji Agha, the Cinema Actor （1933） by Ovanes Ohanian. While reflecting on the socio-political relation of the film to its era, this paper would also bring to attention the process of filmmaking and screening in 1930s Iran--the production and restoration of footage, posters and publicity for the film, and the screening venue. The cinema in question used to be called TamashaKhaneh when it was simply a projection room in Tehran where people would keenly take their seats to view the same film over and over again in some cases. The author would investigate the advent of cinema as a foreign concept in Iranian life and try to reflect upon the way in which it has been gradually adopted as a national treasure over the years. Haji Agha, the Cinema Actor is one of the most important reflections of the social transition that has occurred in Iranian history. Here, through the hundred-minute black and white footage, Ohanian depicts the tense political climate following the coup of Mossadegh, as well as the ban on traditional clothing during the last monarchy of Iran; at the same time, the film represents tradition and modernity as two supposedly opposite stances that, in fact, complemented each other in this era. The title combines Haji Agha, a religious man who has visited mecca, with the English words the Cinema Actor, to further express the complementary relation between old and new. Ohanian very professionally depicts the role of family as a core part of the religious boundaries for men and women that unfold throughout the film due to their encounter with cinema and filmmaking. He uses issues like sex and taboo to push the boundaries and map a certain cultural modernity within Iranian society.

Considerations About Municipal Government Finance in the State of the Espirito Santo： 2001/2009

Fiscal decentralization in Brazil has promoted a break in the national collection system and granted greater autonomy to states and municipalities against the federal government with regard to fundraising. The theoretical difference emerged, when one observes the greatest proliferation of local entities from the autonomy granted by the Federal Constitution （FC） from 1988 to the various levels of government, many of which almost totally depend on inter-governmental transfers. There are those who advocate the strengthening of public actions from observing the problems of small units （municipalities） and who will now have greater decision-making freedom. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the public finances of municipalities in the core theoretical （all people born in Espirito Santo） state guided by the Fiscal Responsibility Law （FRL） and fiscal decentralization in the country. For this purpose, they were taken as the time frame 2001 and 2009. Methodologically, this paper used a literature review, as well as data from the National Treasury Secretariat （STN）. In addition, authors took as a tool to help multiple regression models to strengthen the results. The principal evidence shows that, even with a slight improvement in the framework of indicators of revenue, these municipalities have proved essentially dependent on resources from the Union. Additionally, the results show a relative reduction of spending on items, such as staff costs and legislation in one year to another. In parallel, there were greater participation of the variables, costs of health and sanitation, education and culture, among others, to explain the variation of the expenditure of municipalities in Espirito Santo in the years observed. The data fit well to the model with a significance level of 1%.

Research on financial support of the new energy industry

As it is known to all, the new energy industry plays an important in the economic transformation and structure adjustment of our country. The government attaches great importance to the development of the new energy industry. Particularly for the developing countries, to achieve rapid development require a lot of capital. However, there are some problems with finance in the development of the new energy industry. Based on the analysis, this paper puts forward some countermeasures.

Financial Vulnerability, Capital Flow Reversals, and Divergence Macro-Prudential Policies Posing Challenges to the ASEAN Banking Integration Framework （ABIF）

Against the prevailing background of an unusual capital flow reversal which is posing immense challenges to the integration of the region＇s banking sector, this study measures macro-prudential instruments affecting the implementation of an integrated financial service industry. This study is important at times when domestic and country-based financial policies are directed at competing goals. The interaction of macro-prudential policies with other policies, in particular monetary policies and micro-prudential policies is crucial to address systemic risk involved. There is growing recognition that prudential policies tools interact and coordinate with one another. To utilize multiple instruments seems to provide a greater assurance of effectiveness by tackling risk from various angles. As such, this study also assesses the interactions of the policies. The study also proposes a baseline model to capture systemic risk due to liquidity risk and risk because of currency devaluation.

Industrial Structural Changes in Hong Kong,China under One Country,Two Systems Framework

Hong Kong has undergone substantial economic transformations and developed into a sophisticated busi- ness and financial center in the Asia-Pacific region, since the return of sovereignty to China as a Special Administrative Region under the One Country Two Systems （OCTS） in 1997. This paper discusses and analyzes the industrial struc- tural changes of Hong Kong in recent decades as well as its future challenges and opportunities, The data and finding reveal that even though Hong Kong will face fierce competition from the Mainland＇s cities as the rise of China, the important role as a bridge between China and the rest of the world wilt brace Hong Kong itself under the OCTS for developing into a service hub for business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region.