The reliability expression of dynamic driving behavior is derived from the driving shaping behavioural model; and then, in accordance with the combination of computer simulation and mathematical expression of driving ...The reliability expression of dynamic driving behavior is derived from the driving shaping behavioural model; and then, in accordance with the combination of computer simulation and mathematical expression of driving reliability, an approach for assessing the effect of driving erroneous actions on the dynamic performance of the driver vehicle system is presented. The analysis of driving erroneous actions in the driver vehicle system has been performed to show that the reliability during perception with variety widely could result in the incidents and/or accidents in traffic system.展开更多
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has encouraged its member countries to introduce Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for ship operations since the end of the last century. FSA can be used through certain form...The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has encouraged its member countries to introduce Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for ship operations since the end of the last century. FSA can be used through certain formal assessing steps to generate effective recommendations and cautions to control marine risks and improve the safety of ships. On the basis of the brief introduction of FSA, this paper describes the ideas of applying FSA to the prevention of human error in ship operations. It especially discusses the investigation and analysis of the information and data using navigation simulators and puts forward some suggestions for the introduction and development of the FSA research work for safer ship operations.展开更多
Accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant significantly affected the nuclear industry at time when everybody was expecting the so called nuclear renaissance. There is no question that the accident has at leas...Accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant significantly affected the nuclear industry at time when everybody was expecting the so called nuclear renaissance. There is no question that the accident has at least slowed it down. Research on this accident is taking place all over the world, in this paper, we present the findings of research on Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in relation to the Czech Republic. The paper focuses on the analysis of human performance during the accident. Lessons learned from the accident and main human errors are presented. First, the brief factors affecting the human performance are discussed. They are followed by the short description of activities on units 1-3. The key human errors in the accident mitigation are then identified. On unit 1, the fuel damage was probably impossible to prevent, however, on units 2 and 3, it could be probably prevented.展开更多
Accidents in a nuclear power plant are coped with by operators in the main control room (MCR). An analysis of the workload of operators in a MCR after the happening of initiating events is helpful to the alleviation o...Accidents in a nuclear power plant are coped with by operators in the main control room (MCR). An analysis of the workload of operators in a MCR after the happening of initiating events is helpful to the alleviation of human errors and to the promotion of training efficiency. This paper establishes a framework of how man is located in a man-machine interface of a nuclear power plant (NPP) as well as a simulation of the man-machine scenario in accidents in NPPs, including the simulation of the operators' task and cognitive work and the establishment of task analysis. On the basis of the above, a model of the dynamic changes of the operators' tasks is constructed and a computation of operators' workload is conducted.展开更多
文摘The reliability expression of dynamic driving behavior is derived from the driving shaping behavioural model; and then, in accordance with the combination of computer simulation and mathematical expression of driving reliability, an approach for assessing the effect of driving erroneous actions on the dynamic performance of the driver vehicle system is presented. The analysis of driving erroneous actions in the driver vehicle system has been performed to show that the reliability during perception with variety widely could result in the incidents and/or accidents in traffic system.
文摘The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has encouraged its member countries to introduce Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for ship operations since the end of the last century. FSA can be used through certain formal assessing steps to generate effective recommendations and cautions to control marine risks and improve the safety of ships. On the basis of the brief introduction of FSA, this paper describes the ideas of applying FSA to the prevention of human error in ship operations. It especially discusses the investigation and analysis of the information and data using navigation simulators and puts forward some suggestions for the introduction and development of the FSA research work for safer ship operations.
文摘Accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant significantly affected the nuclear industry at time when everybody was expecting the so called nuclear renaissance. There is no question that the accident has at least slowed it down. Research on this accident is taking place all over the world, in this paper, we present the findings of research on Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in relation to the Czech Republic. The paper focuses on the analysis of human performance during the accident. Lessons learned from the accident and main human errors are presented. First, the brief factors affecting the human performance are discussed. They are followed by the short description of activities on units 1-3. The key human errors in the accident mitigation are then identified. On unit 1, the fuel damage was probably impossible to prevent, however, on units 2 and 3, it could be probably prevented.
文摘Accidents in a nuclear power plant are coped with by operators in the main control room (MCR). An analysis of the workload of operators in a MCR after the happening of initiating events is helpful to the alleviation of human errors and to the promotion of training efficiency. This paper establishes a framework of how man is located in a man-machine interface of a nuclear power plant (NPP) as well as a simulation of the man-machine scenario in accidents in NPPs, including the simulation of the operators' task and cognitive work and the establishment of task analysis. On the basis of the above, a model of the dynamic changes of the operators' tasks is constructed and a computation of operators' workload is conducted.
