鸡球虫病四价五株活疫苗的实验室效力研究

为了探究自主研制的四价五株鸡球虫病活疫苗的实验室免疫效力,为临床应用提供科学依据,试验选择1日龄SPF雏鸡530只,设置了不同免疫剂量、日龄、免疫间隔及单次大剂量与两次小剂量、网上平养和地面平养组考察免疫后相对增重率、平均增重、死亡率、肠道病变记分等指标,测定疫苗的最小免疫剂量、最小首免日龄、最短免疫间隔、免疫产生期及免疫持续期、最适接种次数和适用范围。结果表明:当柔嫩艾美耳球虫山西早熟株(E.tenella,PTsx)、堆型艾美耳球虫山西早熟株(E.acervulina,PAsx)、毒害艾美耳球虫山西早熟株(E.necatrix,PNsx)、巨型艾美耳球虫山东和山西早熟株(E.maxima,PMsd和PMsx)的一免/二免剂量分别为≥1000/2000,400/800,200/400,100/200个/只时,免疫攻毒组鸡至少有8只各肠道病变记分均≤1.00分,死亡率≤10.0%,免疫效果良好;首免日龄≥4 d、二免间隔时间≥9 d、二免后攻毒间隔≥10 d、二免后攻毒间隔≥91 d的免疫攻毒组均至少8只鸡各肠道病变记分≤1.00分,死亡率≤10.0%,免疫效果良好;两次小剂量免疫组在死亡率、肠道病变记分方面均优于单次大剂量免疫组,免疫期间网上平养组与地面平养组鸡平均增重差异不显著(P>0.05),相对增重率均≥80.00%,攻毒后两组鸡各肠道平均病变记分均至少有8只鸡各肠道病变记分均≤1.00分,死亡率为0,免疫效果良好。说明PTsx、PAsx、PNsx和PMsd/PMsx最小一免/二免剂量分别为1000/2000,400/800,200/400,100/200个/只;最小首免日龄为4 d,最短二免间隔为9 d,二次免疫产生期为10 d,免疫持续期≥91 d;两次免疫接种方式的效果更好;该球虫疫苗对网上平养和地面平养鸡均适用。

猪肺炎支原体灭活疫苗的实验室效力研究

为了探究自主研制的猪肺炎支原体灭活疫苗的实验室免疫效力,为临床应用提供科学依据,试验分别用2.0 mL/头、1.0 mL/头、0.5 mL/头和0.25 mL/头4种剂量的试验疫苗两次免疫7~14日龄健康仔猪,通过测定免疫期间猪只生长情况、抗体水平变化情况及肺脏病变指数等,以确定该疫苗的最小免疫剂量及其安全性。结果表明,该疫苗四种剂量的试验攻毒保护率分别为77.9%、70.5%、65.3%和49.5%,且所有仔猪均未出现不良反应。因此,该疫苗的最小免疫剂量为0.5 mL/头,推荐使用剂量定为l.0 mL/头。

甲型肝炎灭活疫苗抗原剂量的优化

目的通过体内效力实验,优化甲肝灭活疫苗抗原最适免疫剂量。方法用1.0mg/ml Al(OH)3将不同梯度剂量的实验苗及参比苗4倍递增系列稀释,经腹腔免疫小白鼠,4周后采血,检测各免疫组小鼠血清甲肝抗体阳转率,用Reed-Muench法计算半数有效稀释倍数,比较抗原免疫剂量与半数有效稀释倍数之间的剂量-效应关系。结果甲肝灭活疫苗实验苗抗原免疫剂量与半数有效稀释倍数之间存在着良好的剂量-效应关系。结论半数有效稀释倍数可用于不同品牌甲型肝炎灭活疫苗效力的评价及最适抗原免疫剂量的优化。

甲型肝炎灭活疫苗有效剂量的评价

目的 评价佐剂吸附甲型肝炎成品疫苗有效免疫剂量。方法 将 4个厂家的 4批甲型肝炎灭活疫苗进行解离吸附后 ,检测比较HAV抗原含量 ;通过小白鼠体内效力实验 ,计算半数有效稀释倍数 ,比较评价各组疫苗的免疫效力。结果 体外吸附解离HAV抗原含量与体内免疫效力相偏离 ,传统概念上的半数有效剂量 (ED50 )不能用作比较评价指标。结论 体内半数有效稀释倍数可用于甲型肝炎灭活疫苗有效剂量的评价。

Pharmacokinetics of Scutellarin in Dogs

Aim To establish an RP-HPLC method for the determination of scutellarin in plasma and study its pharmacokinetics in dogs. Methods Scutellarin was given to dogs by intravenous injection and determined by RP-HPLC, the mean plasma concentration-time curve was plotted and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by program 3p87. Resu;ts The concentration-time curve of scutellarin could be fitted to three-compartment model with T1/2 pi, T1/2 α and T1/2 β being 1.05 ± 0.80 min, 6.99 + 2.76 min and 51.61 + 28.78 min, respectively, Vc being 880.1 + 508.3 mL, CL being 189.6 + 53.8 mL@ min- 1, and AUC0-90 and AUC0-∞ being 574.43 + 133.95 μg@ min@ mL - 1 and 599.34 ± 132.00μg@ min@mL- 1, respectively. Conclusion The fact that the concentrations of scutellarin in plasma declined rapidly after the medication suggested that the T1/2 of scutellarin should be taken into account in drug administration and preparation development.

Study on the characteristics of grout permeation based on cylindrical diffusion

Permeation grouting is widely applied for its low grouting pressure and minor disturbance to the stratum in grouting engineering, especially in engineering with strict requirements on ground settlement. However, permeation grouting theory lags behind compared with other engineering disciplines, and the theoretical formulas now available cannot accurately be used to guide grouting engineering design and predict the cost and effects of grouting due to many factors affecting grout permeation in stratum. In this study, permeation grouting experiment devices were independently manufactured with the characteristics of easily controlling grouting pressure, simulating sandy strata grout, and detecting grouting effect. Using a uniform design, the sand consolidation agent, as grouting material, its spread in Shenyang sandy strata was tested with these experiment devices. The quantitative relations between grouting factors （grouting pressure, strata parameters, water-sand consolidation agent ratio） and grouting effects （grout spread radius, gell strength, grout amount） are obtained with regression analysis, and the influence degree of grouting factors on grouting effects is studied.

The Adsorption of Phenol by Lignite Activated Carbon

The feasibility and adsorption effect of lignite activated carbon for phenol removal from aqueous solutions were evaluated and investigated. A series of tests were performed to look into the influence of various experimental parameters such as contact time, initial phenol concentration, temperature, and pH value on the adsorption of phenol by lignite activated carbon. The experimental data were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption is an endothermic process and conforms to Freundlich thermodynamic model. The results indicate that the lignite activated carbon is suitable to be used as an adsorbent material for adsorption of phenol from aqueous solutions.

Casimir Force on a Piston in Randall-Sundrum Models

The Casimir effect of a piston for massless scalar fields which satisfy Dirichlet boundary conditions in the context of five-dimensional Randall- Sundrum models is studied. In these scenarios we derive and calculate the expression for the Casimir force on the piston. We also discuss the Casimir force in the limit that one outer plate is moved to the remote place to show that the nature of the reduced force between the parallel plates left. In the Randall^undrum model involving two branes the two plates attract each other when they locate very closely, but the reduced Casimir force turns to be repulsive as the plates separation is not extremely tiny, which is against the experimental phenomena, meaning that the RSI model can not be acceptable. In the case of one brane model the shape of the reduced Casimir force is similar to that of the standard two-parallel-system in the four-dimensional fiat spacetimes while the sign of force remains negative.

Effects of Preheat on the Thermodynamics of the ICF Hot Spot

We determine the dependence of key inertial confinement fusion （ICF） hot spot properties on the deuterium-tritium （DT） fuel adiabat accomplished by addition of heat to the cold shell. Our main result is to observe that variation of this parameter reduces the simulation to experiment discrepancy in several experimentally inferred quantities. Simulations are continued from capsule only l D simulations using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ICF code, HYDRA. The continuations employ the high energy density physics （HEDP） University of Chicago code, FLASH, and a hydro only code, FronTier, modified with a radiation equation of state （EOS） model. Hot spot densities, burn-weighted ion temperatures and pressures show a decreasing trend, while the hot spot radius shows an increasing trend in response to added heat to the cold shell. Instantaneous quantities are assessed at the time of maximum neutron production within each simulation.

Experimental study on the degradation of Rhodamine B by hydrodynamic cavitation technique

Hydrodynamic cavitation is a new technique in wastewater treatment processes. The degradation of Rbodamine B was studied on a 220 liters hydrodynamic cavitation setup using multiple hole orifice plates in this paper. The experimental results showed that Rhodamine B was really decomposed by hydrodynamic cavitation. Some factors influencing degradation effect i.e. geometric parameters and operation conditions also were discussed. It was concluded there was the optimal ratio of total area of holes to crosssectional area of the pipe and the rate constant increased with a reduction in the value of the modified cavitional number.

Experimental study on the effects of HP and LP EGR on thermal efficiency and emissions of a two-stage turbocharged diesel engine

An experimental study was performed to compare the effects of high-and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation loops(HP and LP EGR loops)on thermal efficiency and emissions of a diesel engine.Tests were conducted on a 12-L six-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine under various operating conditions.We found that at a low speed of 1100 r/min,1 MPa BMEP,the LP EGR loop could achieve higher brake thermal efficiency and lower emissions than the HP EGR.This is because the lower enthalpy available at the turbine inlet of the HP EGR loop increased the fuel/oxygen equivalence ratio.For the HP EGR,the gross indicated thermal efficiency was reduced by 1%,but pumping losses were only reduced by 0.5%,compared to the LP EGR loop.At a higher speed of 1600 r/min,1 MPa BMEP,the HP EGR loop attained a higher brake thermal efficiency and lower emissions because of the relatively sufficient flow through the turbocharger.For the HP EGR loop,the gross indicated thermal efficiency was only reduced by 0.5%and pumping losses were reduced by 1.5%,compared to the LP EGR loop.Lower fuel consumption and a longer ignition delay made the distribution of fuel/oxygen equivalence ratio more homogeneous,leading to lower emissions.Our data also showed that at the high speed of 1600 r/min,0.55 MPa BMEP,the brake thermal efficiency of the HP EGR loop first increased,then decreased as the EGR rate increased.Therefore,under all conditions,a reasonable match of both EGR loops could achieve a good balance between fuel consumption and emissions of NOx and soot.

Experimental study on hydrodynamic effect of orientation micro-pored surfaces

The orientation of the dimple increases the flow distance in the dimple and produces fluid cumulative effect in the dimple length direction, which leads to obvious hydrodynamic effect as a result. In order to investigate the hydrodynamic effect of orientation dimples, a series of experiments was carried out on a ring-on-ring test. Multi-pored faces were tested with different dimple inclination angles and slender ratios. Film thickness and frictional torque were measured under different conditions of load and rotation speed. Experimental results showed that the orientation dimple could produce obvious dynamic effect by change of the flow direction and the increasing dimple orientation leads to increase of the load capability. The hydrodynamic effect strongly depends on dimple orientation parameters such as inclination angle and slender ratio. A larger load capability can be available by increasing dimple orientation and rotation speed. Experimental results agreed well with the theory that orientation micro-pores can significantly improve hydrodynamic performance of surfaces.