In order to assess the effect of the observer distance on the behavior of Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis),we studied their time budgets with a gradient of observer distances in Yancheng,China from December 2008 t...In order to assess the effect of the observer distance on the behavior of Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis),we studied their time budgets with a gradient of observer distances in Yancheng,China from December 2008 to March 2009.Observer distance was classified into four levels,i.e.,＜ 200 m,200-300 m,300-400 m and ＞ 400 m.The results indicated that cranes increased their vigilance when the observer was less than 300 m away.A safe distance for the observer was often as far as or more than 300 m.Cranes increased scan frequency when observers were within 200 m,whereas they prolonged the duration of their scan when observers were between 200 m and 300 m away,indicating two distinct vigilant strategies,given the observer distance.We suggest an observer distance of at least 300 m,in order to minimize the observer effect.展开更多
Orthogonal design was used to observe the gastrointestinal peristalsis in normal andatropine-treated mice after electroacupuncture was applied,singly or in combination,atNeiguan(P 6),Pishu(UB 20)and Zusanli(St 36).The...Orthogonal design was used to observe the gastrointestinal peristalsis in normal andatropine-treated mice after electroacupuncture was applied,singly or in combination,atNeiguan(P 6),Pishu(UB 20)and Zusanli(St 36).The results showed that:1)electroacupuncture has no significant effect on the gastrointestinal peristalsis in normalmice;2)Pishu(UB 20)was significantly antagonistic to Zusanli(St 36)in normal mice;3)the decreased gastrointestinal peristalsis in atropine-treated mice was markedly promotedby electroacupuncture at Zusanli(St 36);and 4)Neiguan(P 6)was significantlyantagonistic to Pishu(UB 20)in atropine-treated mice.The results indicated that thereciprocal actions among acupoints should be taken into consideration for pointprescription.展开更多
Objecive To observe the eventual thermic effects of stimulaing Tàixī (太溪 KI 3) by telethermography. Methods Nine individuals of both sexes, chosen randomly, paricipated in this study. The temperature of the ro...Objecive To observe the eventual thermic effects of stimulaing Tàixī (太溪 KI 3) by telethermography. Methods Nine individuals of both sexes, chosen randomly, paricipated in this study. The temperature of the room where the experiment was carried out was not above 21 ℃. At the start of the experiment the volunteer stayed for exactly ten minutes in the room for acclimaizaion, then the first thermographic image was recorded for standardizaion purposes. Following this, an acupuncture needle was inserted at KI 3 only in the right leg, whose depth was limited to obtain Deqi, only manual stimulation for 15 min permanence in the site. Ater this period, new images were recorded. Results Significant reduction of all the right leg temperatures, by about 1.1 ℃ in all the volunteers that received the acupuncture at the Kl 3 was noted, with a coefficient variaion of P<0.0001 that was staisically highly significant, while on the other not simulated leg the variaion that occurred was around 0.7 ℃, with no significant coefficient variation of P>0.05. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that manual simulaion of the Kl 3 influences significantly peripheral vascular circulation, by means of sympathetic stimulaion causing vasoconstricion.展开更多
基金support from the Chinese Key Technology R&D Program of the Eleventh Five-year Plan(No.2008BAC39B03)the Nanjing University Funds for Starting Research
文摘In order to assess the effect of the observer distance on the behavior of Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis),we studied their time budgets with a gradient of observer distances in Yancheng,China from December 2008 to March 2009.Observer distance was classified into four levels,i.e.,＜ 200 m,200-300 m,300-400 m and ＞ 400 m.The results indicated that cranes increased their vigilance when the observer was less than 300 m away.A safe distance for the observer was often as far as or more than 300 m.Cranes increased scan frequency when observers were within 200 m,whereas they prolonged the duration of their scan when observers were between 200 m and 300 m away,indicating two distinct vigilant strategies,given the observer distance.We suggest an observer distance of at least 300 m,in order to minimize the observer effect.
文摘Orthogonal design was used to observe the gastrointestinal peristalsis in normal andatropine-treated mice after electroacupuncture was applied,singly or in combination,atNeiguan(P 6),Pishu(UB 20)and Zusanli(St 36).The results showed that:1)electroacupuncture has no significant effect on the gastrointestinal peristalsis in normalmice;2)Pishu(UB 20)was significantly antagonistic to Zusanli(St 36)in normal mice;3)the decreased gastrointestinal peristalsis in atropine-treated mice was markedly promotedby electroacupuncture at Zusanli(St 36);and 4)Neiguan(P 6)was significantlyantagonistic to Pishu(UB 20)in atropine-treated mice.The results indicated that thereciprocal actions among acupoints should be taken into consideration for pointprescription.
文摘Objecive To observe the eventual thermic effects of stimulaing Tàixī (太溪 KI 3) by telethermography. Methods Nine individuals of both sexes, chosen randomly, paricipated in this study. The temperature of the room where the experiment was carried out was not above 21 ℃. At the start of the experiment the volunteer stayed for exactly ten minutes in the room for acclimaizaion, then the first thermographic image was recorded for standardizaion purposes. Following this, an acupuncture needle was inserted at KI 3 only in the right leg, whose depth was limited to obtain Deqi, only manual stimulation for 15 min permanence in the site. Ater this period, new images were recorded. Results Significant reduction of all the right leg temperatures, by about 1.1 ℃ in all the volunteers that received the acupuncture at the Kl 3 was noted, with a coefficient variaion of P<0.0001 that was staisically highly significant, while on the other not simulated leg the variaion that occurred was around 0.7 ℃, with no significant coefficient variation of P>0.05. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that manual simulaion of the Kl 3 influences significantly peripheral vascular circulation, by means of sympathetic stimulaion causing vasoconstricion.
