【目的】通过对小麦穗长稳定主效QTL进行遗传及育种选择效应分析,明确其对产量性状的遗传效应,评价其未来育种应用潜力,为后续基因挖掘和小麦分子育种提供依据。【方法】利用科农9204×京411构建的重组自交系(recombinant inbred li...【目的】通过对小麦穗长稳定主效QTL进行遗传及育种选择效应分析,明确其对产量性状的遗传效应,评价其未来育种应用潜力,为后续基因挖掘和小麦分子育种提供依据。【方法】利用科农9204×京411构建的重组自交系(recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411,KJ-RIL)群体定位到一个多环境稳定表达的穗长主效QTL,命名为qSl-2D;利用双亲靶区间序列差异InDel位点开发出2个与该QTL紧密连锁的分子标记;结合分子标记及55K芯片基因型数据,分别进行基于KJ-RIL、MY-F2、NILs及自然作图群体的产量相关性状遗传效应分析;基于自然作图群体基因分型,分析qSl-2D单倍型在各麦区及不同年代的育种选择效应。【结果】QTL定位结果表明,qSl-2D可在7/10组环境数据中被检测到,可解释4.02%—10.10%的表型变异。其中,5/10组环境数据的LOD峰值均位于608.75 Mb处。遗传效应分析结果表明,qSl-2D增效等位基因型在4个群体遗传背景下均能显著增加穗长。此外,其在大部分群体背景下对穗粒数、株高有正向效应,而对千粒重、穗粒重和单株产量有负向效应。对KJ-RIL群体株高进一步分析发现,qSl-2D增效等位基因型对株高效应未达到显著水平的原因在于其对除穗下节间长以外的各节间长都有降秆效应;qSl-2D单倍型分析结果表明,长穗单倍型Hap-AA-GG在不同麦区中选择利用率差异较大,在北部冬麦区中选择利用率最高,占比24%;而短穗单倍型Hap-CC-CC在大部分麦区中占比30%以上。此外,随着年代的递进,qSl-2D长穗单倍型选择利用率逐渐降低,而短穗单倍型一直保持较高的选择利用率。【结论】定位到一个稳定主效的穗长QTL——qSl-2D,其增效等位基因型可在不同遗传背景下显著增加穗长,同时对其他产量相关性状有一定的遗传效应。靶区段开发的紧密连锁分子标记可用于小麦穗长及相关产量性状的遗传改良。展开更多
qSsnps-5D为一个控制不育小穗数的主效稳定QTL,其优异等位基因来自小麦骨干亲本京411。本研究利用科农9204×京411衍生的包含187个家系的重组自交系群体(KJ-RIL,recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 an...qSsnps-5D为一个控制不育小穗数的主效稳定QTL,其优异等位基因来自小麦骨干亲本京411。本研究利用科农9204×京411衍生的包含187个家系的重组自交系群体(KJ-RIL,recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411)及314份育成品种(系)组成的自然群体对其进行遗传及育种选择效应解析,明确其对产量性状的遗传效应,分析其在育种过程中的选择应用情况,评价其未来育种应用潜力。试验结果表明,qSsnps-5D在8套数据集中被定位于5D染色体上0.72~4.13 Mb之间,跨度约3.41 Mb。基于KJ-RIL群体及自然群体分析结果均表明,来自京411的优异等位基因可增加单株穗数,但对千粒重表现为极显著负向效应;其对穗粒数、单株产量的影响在两套群体的分析结果不一致。在qSsnps-5D靶区间内选择2个紧密连锁的SNP标记AX-110565536和AX-86170796对314份自然群体进行目标QTL单倍型分析;结果显示,国外品种对qSsnps-5D优异单倍型(Hap-GG-CC)的选择利用率最高;中国品种中青海省、四川省和河南省3个省份优异单倍型品种占比较高,而山东、北京、陕西和河北4地对qSsnps-5D优异单倍型选择利用率较低。时间跨度显示,qSsnps-5D优异单倍型Hap-GG-CC选择利用效率随时间推移在我国呈下降趋势。为便于qSsnps-5D后期分子育种应用,本研究开发了一个基于PCR检测技术的InDel分子标记,命名为5D-1620921,其带型扩增清晰,可重复性好,为qSsnps-5D分子育种应用提供理论支撑。展开更多
Corrugated steel web is folded along the longitudinal direction and has the mechanical properties such as axial compression stiffness corrugation effect, shear modulus corrugation effect, similar to that of an accordi...Corrugated steel web is folded along the longitudinal direction and has the mechanical properties such as axial compression stiffness corrugation effect, shear modulus corrugation effect, similar to that of an accordion. In order to study the lateral-torsional buckling of box beams with corrugated steel webs (BBCSW) under the action of bending moment load, the neutral equilibrium equation of BBCSW under the action of bending moment load is derived through the stationary value theory of total potential energy and further, along with taking Kollbrunner-Hajdin correction method and the mechanical properties of the corrugated web into consideration. The analytical calculation formula of lateral-torsional buckling critical bending moment of BBCSW is then obtained. The lateral-torsional buckling critical bending moment of 96 BBCSW test specimens with different geometry dimensions are then calculated using both the analytical calculation method and ANSYS finite element method. The results show that the analytical calculation results agree well with the numerical calculation results using ANSYS, thus proving the accuracy of the analytical calculation method and model simplification hypothesis proposed in this paper. Also, compared with the box beams with flat steel webs (BBFSW) with the same geometry dimensions as BBCSW, within the common range of web space-depth ratio and web span-depth ratio, BBCSW’s lateral-torsional buckling critical bending moment is larger than that of BBFSW. Moreover, the advantages of BBCSW’s stability are even more significant with the increase of web space-depth ratio and web depth-thickness ratio.展开更多
An analytical model of electron mobility for strained-silicon channel nMOSFETs is proposed in this paper. The model deals directly with the strain tensor,and thus is independent of the manufacturing process. It is sui...An analytical model of electron mobility for strained-silicon channel nMOSFETs is proposed in this paper. The model deals directly with the strain tensor,and thus is independent of the manufacturing process. It is suitable for （100〉/ 〈110） channel nMOSFETs under biaxial or （100〉/〈 110 ） uniaxial stress and can be implemented in conventional device simulation tools .展开更多
Shape memory effect is capability of certain materials to recover its original shape after an apparently permanent deformation. The NiTi alloy of the composition is approximately equiatomic and it is the materials tha...Shape memory effect is capability of certain materials to recover its original shape after an apparently permanent deformation. The NiTi alloy of the composition is approximately equiatomic and it is the materials that exhibit the best characteristics for application of these properties, especially in the biomedical area, because of their excellent biocompatibility as： in the manufacture of medical and dental instruments, orthodontic wires, orthopedic materials, guide wires, stents, filters and components to realize the less invasive surgeries. In other areas, they are used for confections of electronic keys, spectacle frames, application in controllers, junction of pipes and electronic connectors among others. New research topics involving the application of these alloys super-elasticity are also known as pseudo elasticity. This event has an isothermal nature and involves the storage of potential energy in the shape memory effect and super-elasticity. In this context, this work falls within the scope of use of the technologies being an example of the work undertaken, in the course Graduate of Federal University of Pernambuco in skills in these technologies. It will present the results of a heat engine which engine element is a helical spring made of a NiTi alloy equiatomic with memory effect reversibly. The spring is triggered by a hot source （- 373.15 K） and a cold source （273.15 K）. The machine is capable of producing a reciprocating oscillating between the two sources. Heat equations and the equations that describe the dynamic behavior of the spring were developed. Through the development of dynamic equations, it can determine the minimum mass for the motion of the machine, as well as the instantaneous and average power and overall efficiency. You can check the functionality of the machine by way of the inclination angle of the propeller and the coefficient of static friction. Among the main results, it was observed that the overall performance of the machine compared to the machines of this category showed the feasibility of the project.展开更多
As the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is considered to be a bottleneck in overall water splitting,it is necessary to develop a highly active and stable electrocatalyst to overcome this issue.Herein...As the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is considered to be a bottleneck in overall water splitting,it is necessary to develop a highly active and stable electrocatalyst to overcome this issue.Herein,we successfully fabricated a three-dimensional iron-dysprosium oxide co-regulated in-situ formed MOF-Ni arrays on carbon cloth(FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC)through a facile two-step hydrothermal method.Electrochemical studies demonstrate that the designed FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC catalyst requires an overpotential of only 251 mV to reach 10 mA cm-2 with a small Tafel slope of 52.1 mV dec-1.Additionally,the stability declined by only 5.5%after 80 h of continuous testing in 1.0 M KOH.Furthermore,a cell voltage of only 1.57 V in the overall water splitting system is sufficient to achieve 10 mA cm-2;this value is far better than that of most previously reported catalysts.The excellent catalytic performance originates from the unique 3D rhombus-like structure,as well as coupling synergies of Fe-Dy-Ni species.The combination of lanthanide and transition metal species in the synthesis strategy may open entirely new possibilities with promising potential in the design of highly active OER electrocatalysts.展开更多
The rocks surrounding a roadway exhibit some special and complex phenomena with increasing depth of excavation in underground engineering.Quasi-static analysis cannot adequately explain these engineering problems.The ...The rocks surrounding a roadway exhibit some special and complex phenomena with increasing depth of excavation in underground engineering.Quasi-static analysis cannot adequately explain these engineering problems.The computational model of a circular roadway considering the transient effect of excavation unloading is established for these problems.The time factor makes the solution of the problem difficult.Thus,the computational model is divided into a dynamic model and a static model.The Laplace integral transform and inverse transform are performed to solve the dynamic model and elasticity theory is used to analyze the static model.The results from an example show that circumferential stress increases and radial stress decreases with time.The stress difference becomes large gradually in this progress.The displacement increases with unloading time and decreases with the radial depth of surrounding rocks.It can be seen that the development trend of unloading and displacement is similar by comparing their rates.Finally,the results of ANSYS are used to verify the analytical solution.The contrast indicates that the laws of the two methods are basically in agreement.Thus,the analysis can provide a reference for further study.展开更多
This paper investigates the entanglement of a two-qutrit Heisenberg XXX chain with nonlinear couplings under an inhomogeneous magnetic field. By the concept of negativity, we find that the critical temperature increas...This paper investigates the entanglement of a two-qutrit Heisenberg XXX chain with nonlinear couplings under an inhomogeneous magnetic field. By the concept of negativity, we find that the critical temperature increases with the increase of inhomogeneous magnetic field b. Our study indicates that for any ｜K｜ 〉 ｜J｜, or ｜K｜ 〈 ｜J｜ entanglement always exists for certain regions. We also find that at the critical point, the entanglement becomes a nonanalytic function of B and a quantum phase transition occurs.展开更多
Peristaltic transport of a Newtonian incompressible fluid in the presence of applied mag netic field in an inclined channel with slip is investigated. A perturbation method of solu tion is obtained in terms of wall sl...Peristaltic transport of a Newtonian incompressible fluid in the presence of applied mag netic field in an inclined channel with slip is investigated. A perturbation method of solu tion is obtained in terms of wall slope parameter and analytical expressions are derived for average velocity and stream function using Saffman slip condition. The effects of var ious relevant parameters on average velocity and stream line pattern have been studied. It is found that average velocity increases with slip and decreases with permeability and magnetic parameter.展开更多
Applications for piezoelectric effect have grown rapidly, and piezoelectric materials play important roles in countless areas of modem life. By means of twoscale method and coupled boundary layer, some new kinds of tw...Applications for piezoelectric effect have grown rapidly, and piezoelectric materials play important roles in countless areas of modem life. By means of twoscale method and coupled boundary layer, some new kinds of twoscale asymptotic expansions for solutions to the electrical potential and the displacement in quasi-periodic structure under coupled piezoelectric effect are derived, and the homogenization constants of piezoelectric materials are presented. The coupled twoscale relation between the electrical potential and the displacement is set up, and some improved asymptotic error estimates are analyzed.展开更多
文摘【目的】通过对小麦穗长稳定主效QTL进行遗传及育种选择效应分析,明确其对产量性状的遗传效应,评价其未来育种应用潜力,为后续基因挖掘和小麦分子育种提供依据。【方法】利用科农9204×京411构建的重组自交系(recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411,KJ-RIL)群体定位到一个多环境稳定表达的穗长主效QTL,命名为qSl-2D;利用双亲靶区间序列差异InDel位点开发出2个与该QTL紧密连锁的分子标记;结合分子标记及55K芯片基因型数据,分别进行基于KJ-RIL、MY-F2、NILs及自然作图群体的产量相关性状遗传效应分析;基于自然作图群体基因分型,分析qSl-2D单倍型在各麦区及不同年代的育种选择效应。【结果】QTL定位结果表明,qSl-2D可在7/10组环境数据中被检测到,可解释4.02%—10.10%的表型变异。其中,5/10组环境数据的LOD峰值均位于608.75 Mb处。遗传效应分析结果表明,qSl-2D增效等位基因型在4个群体遗传背景下均能显著增加穗长。此外,其在大部分群体背景下对穗粒数、株高有正向效应,而对千粒重、穗粒重和单株产量有负向效应。对KJ-RIL群体株高进一步分析发现,qSl-2D增效等位基因型对株高效应未达到显著水平的原因在于其对除穗下节间长以外的各节间长都有降秆效应;qSl-2D单倍型分析结果表明,长穗单倍型Hap-AA-GG在不同麦区中选择利用率差异较大,在北部冬麦区中选择利用率最高,占比24%;而短穗单倍型Hap-CC-CC在大部分麦区中占比30%以上。此外,随着年代的递进,qSl-2D长穗单倍型选择利用率逐渐降低,而短穗单倍型一直保持较高的选择利用率。【结论】定位到一个稳定主效的穗长QTL——qSl-2D,其增效等位基因型可在不同遗传背景下显著增加穗长,同时对其他产量相关性状有一定的遗传效应。靶区段开发的紧密连锁分子标记可用于小麦穗长及相关产量性状的遗传改良。
文摘qSsnps-5D为一个控制不育小穗数的主效稳定QTL,其优异等位基因来自小麦骨干亲本京411。本研究利用科农9204×京411衍生的包含187个家系的重组自交系群体(KJ-RIL,recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411)及314份育成品种(系)组成的自然群体对其进行遗传及育种选择效应解析,明确其对产量性状的遗传效应,分析其在育种过程中的选择应用情况,评价其未来育种应用潜力。试验结果表明,qSsnps-5D在8套数据集中被定位于5D染色体上0.72~4.13 Mb之间,跨度约3.41 Mb。基于KJ-RIL群体及自然群体分析结果均表明,来自京411的优异等位基因可增加单株穗数,但对千粒重表现为极显著负向效应;其对穗粒数、单株产量的影响在两套群体的分析结果不一致。在qSsnps-5D靶区间内选择2个紧密连锁的SNP标记AX-110565536和AX-86170796对314份自然群体进行目标QTL单倍型分析;结果显示,国外品种对qSsnps-5D优异单倍型(Hap-GG-CC)的选择利用率最高;中国品种中青海省、四川省和河南省3个省份优异单倍型品种占比较高,而山东、北京、陕西和河北4地对qSsnps-5D优异单倍型选择利用率较低。时间跨度显示,qSsnps-5D优异单倍型Hap-GG-CC选择利用效率随时间推移在我国呈下降趋势。为便于qSsnps-5D后期分子育种应用,本研究开发了一个基于PCR检测技术的InDel分子标记,命名为5D-1620921,其带型扩增清晰,可重复性好,为qSsnps-5D分子育种应用提供理论支撑。
基金Projects(51408449,51778630)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2018zzts189)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Corrugated steel web is folded along the longitudinal direction and has the mechanical properties such as axial compression stiffness corrugation effect, shear modulus corrugation effect, similar to that of an accordion. In order to study the lateral-torsional buckling of box beams with corrugated steel webs (BBCSW) under the action of bending moment load, the neutral equilibrium equation of BBCSW under the action of bending moment load is derived through the stationary value theory of total potential energy and further, along with taking Kollbrunner-Hajdin correction method and the mechanical properties of the corrugated web into consideration. The analytical calculation formula of lateral-torsional buckling critical bending moment of BBCSW is then obtained. The lateral-torsional buckling critical bending moment of 96 BBCSW test specimens with different geometry dimensions are then calculated using both the analytical calculation method and ANSYS finite element method. The results show that the analytical calculation results agree well with the numerical calculation results using ANSYS, thus proving the accuracy of the analytical calculation method and model simplification hypothesis proposed in this paper. Also, compared with the box beams with flat steel webs (BBFSW) with the same geometry dimensions as BBCSW, within the common range of web space-depth ratio and web span-depth ratio, BBCSW’s lateral-torsional buckling critical bending moment is larger than that of BBFSW. Moreover, the advantages of BBCSW’s stability are even more significant with the increase of web space-depth ratio and web depth-thickness ratio.
文摘An analytical model of electron mobility for strained-silicon channel nMOSFETs is proposed in this paper. The model deals directly with the strain tensor,and thus is independent of the manufacturing process. It is suitable for （100〉/ 〈110） channel nMOSFETs under biaxial or （100〉/〈 110 ） uniaxial stress and can be implemented in conventional device simulation tools .
文摘Shape memory effect is capability of certain materials to recover its original shape after an apparently permanent deformation. The NiTi alloy of the composition is approximately equiatomic and it is the materials that exhibit the best characteristics for application of these properties, especially in the biomedical area, because of their excellent biocompatibility as： in the manufacture of medical and dental instruments, orthodontic wires, orthopedic materials, guide wires, stents, filters and components to realize the less invasive surgeries. In other areas, they are used for confections of electronic keys, spectacle frames, application in controllers, junction of pipes and electronic connectors among others. New research topics involving the application of these alloys super-elasticity are also known as pseudo elasticity. This event has an isothermal nature and involves the storage of potential energy in the shape memory effect and super-elasticity. In this context, this work falls within the scope of use of the technologies being an example of the work undertaken, in the course Graduate of Federal University of Pernambuco in skills in these technologies. It will present the results of a heat engine which engine element is a helical spring made of a NiTi alloy equiatomic with memory effect reversibly. The spring is triggered by a hot source （- 373.15 K） and a cold source （273.15 K）. The machine is capable of producing a reciprocating oscillating between the two sources. Heat equations and the equations that describe the dynamic behavior of the spring were developed. Through the development of dynamic equations, it can determine the minimum mass for the motion of the machine, as well as the instantaneous and average power and overall efficiency. You can check the functionality of the machine by way of the inclination angle of the propeller and the coefficient of static friction. Among the main results, it was observed that the overall performance of the machine compared to the machines of this category showed the feasibility of the project.
文摘As the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is considered to be a bottleneck in overall water splitting,it is necessary to develop a highly active and stable electrocatalyst to overcome this issue.Herein,we successfully fabricated a three-dimensional iron-dysprosium oxide co-regulated in-situ formed MOF-Ni arrays on carbon cloth(FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC)through a facile two-step hydrothermal method.Electrochemical studies demonstrate that the designed FeDy@MOF-Ni/CC catalyst requires an overpotential of only 251 mV to reach 10 mA cm-2 with a small Tafel slope of 52.1 mV dec-1.Additionally,the stability declined by only 5.5%after 80 h of continuous testing in 1.0 M KOH.Furthermore,a cell voltage of only 1.57 V in the overall water splitting system is sufficient to achieve 10 mA cm-2;this value is far better than that of most previously reported catalysts.The excellent catalytic performance originates from the unique 3D rhombus-like structure,as well as coupling synergies of Fe-Dy-Ni species.The combination of lanthanide and transition metal species in the synthesis strategy may open entirely new possibilities with promising potential in the design of highly active OER electrocatalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51479108 and 51174196)the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2014CB046300)+1 种基金Shandong University of Science and Technology (No.2012KYTD104)Research Start-up Project of Shandong University of Science and Technology (No.2015RCJJ061)
文摘The rocks surrounding a roadway exhibit some special and complex phenomena with increasing depth of excavation in underground engineering.Quasi-static analysis cannot adequately explain these engineering problems.The computational model of a circular roadway considering the transient effect of excavation unloading is established for these problems.The time factor makes the solution of the problem difficult.Thus,the computational model is divided into a dynamic model and a static model.The Laplace integral transform and inverse transform are performed to solve the dynamic model and elasticity theory is used to analyze the static model.The results from an example show that circumferential stress increases and radial stress decreases with time.The stress difference becomes large gradually in this progress.The displacement increases with unloading time and decreases with the radial depth of surrounding rocks.It can be seen that the development trend of unloading and displacement is similar by comparing their rates.Finally,the results of ANSYS are used to verify the analytical solution.The contrast indicates that the laws of the two methods are basically in agreement.Thus,the analysis can provide a reference for further study.
文摘This paper investigates the entanglement of a two-qutrit Heisenberg XXX chain with nonlinear couplings under an inhomogeneous magnetic field. By the concept of negativity, we find that the critical temperature increases with the increase of inhomogeneous magnetic field b. Our study indicates that for any ｜K｜ 〉 ｜J｜, or ｜K｜ 〈 ｜J｜ entanglement always exists for certain regions. We also find that at the critical point, the entanglement becomes a nonanalytic function of B and a quantum phase transition occurs.
文摘Peristaltic transport of a Newtonian incompressible fluid in the presence of applied mag netic field in an inclined channel with slip is investigated. A perturbation method of solu tion is obtained in terms of wall slope parameter and analytical expressions are derived for average velocity and stream function using Saffman slip condition. The effects of var ious relevant parameters on average velocity and stream line pattern have been studied. It is found that average velocity increases with slip and decreases with permeability and magnetic parameter.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10801042,11126132,and 11171257)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20104410120001)San Diego supported by China Scholarship Council from July 2012 to July 2013
文摘Applications for piezoelectric effect have grown rapidly, and piezoelectric materials play important roles in countless areas of modem life. By means of twoscale method and coupled boundary layer, some new kinds of twoscale asymptotic expansions for solutions to the electrical potential and the displacement in quasi-periodic structure under coupled piezoelectric effect are derived, and the homogenization constants of piezoelectric materials are presented. The coupled twoscale relation between the electrical potential and the displacement is set up, and some improved asymptotic error estimates are analyzed.
