激励需求响应虚拟电厂(incentive-based demand response based virtual power plant,IBDR-VPP)是包含众多激励型需求响应用户的集合。按照用户参与方式,激励型需求响应(IBDR)可分为紧急型需求响应和经济型需求响应。需求响应事件触发前...激励需求响应虚拟电厂(incentive-based demand response based virtual power plant,IBDR-VPP)是包含众多激励型需求响应用户的集合。按照用户参与方式,激励型需求响应(IBDR)可分为紧急型需求响应和经济型需求响应。需求响应事件触发前,虚拟电厂内部需筛选整合用户并分配响应容量,考虑到用户响应行为的不确定性,虚拟电厂倾向于调用历史响应良好的用户,以减少响应不确定造成的经济损失,因此亟需一种有效的响应效果评估方法为评估和筛选用户提供指导。从国内外文献中提取出4个响应效果的基础评估指标,针对紧急型和经济型需求响应对各基础指标的不同倾向,提出单次响应效果综合评估系数这一综合指标,在此基础上设计了用户的信用等级评估体系。算例结果证明提出的响应效果后评估方法具有良好的用户筛选效果。展开更多
[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrat...[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella(3 414±720 and(219±157) head/piece,respectively);the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,(10 099.5±2 752.5) yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,(1 125.0±465.0) yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,(450.0 ±186.0)yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are(15.0±2.7) times and(12 070.5±2 136.0) yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.展开更多
文摘激励需求响应虚拟电厂(incentive-based demand response based virtual power plant,IBDR-VPP)是包含众多激励型需求响应用户的集合。按照用户参与方式,激励型需求响应(IBDR)可分为紧急型需求响应和经济型需求响应。需求响应事件触发前,虚拟电厂内部需筛选整合用户并分配响应容量,考虑到用户响应行为的不确定性,虚拟电厂倾向于调用历史响应良好的用户,以减少响应不确定造成的经济损失,因此亟需一种有效的响应效果评估方法为评估和筛选用户提供指导。从国内外文献中提取出4个响应效果的基础评估指标,针对紧急型和经济型需求响应对各基础指标的不同倾向,提出单次响应效果综合评估系数这一综合指标,在此基础上设计了用户的信用等级评估体系。算例结果证明提出的响应效果后评估方法具有良好的用户筛选效果。
基金Supported by Development Program of Misereor Foundation of Germany(335-0311028Z)~~
文摘[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella(3 414±720 and(219±157) head/piece,respectively);the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,(10 099.5±2 752.5) yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,(1 125.0±465.0) yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,(450.0 ±186.0)yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are(15.0±2.7) times and(12 070.5±2 136.0) yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.