医药化工类专利申请创造性判断中反向教导的认定

本文结合审查实践中的具体案例分析探讨了认定技术手段的效果缺陷是否构成反向教导时需要考量的要点,在此基础上,总结归纳得出该类发明的创造性评判策略,旨在为客观合理地进行创造性判断提供帮助。

优质护理对精神分裂症患者健康知识知晓度及服药依从性的影响

目的:探讨优质护理对精神分裂症患者健康知识知晓度及服药依从性的影响。方法:本次研究以笔者所在医院2018年1月-2019年4月收治的精神分裂症患者为研究对象,共60例,按照随机原则进行分组,各30例,对照组严格按照医院的规定实施一般基础护理,观察组在医院基础护理的前提下,采取优质护理方案,比较两组患者康复效果和社会功能缺陷、健康知识知晓度、服药依从性。结果:与治疗前对比,两组治疗后PANSS评分、CGL-S评分、SDSS评分明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后PANSS评分、CGL-S评分、SDSS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组健康知识知晓度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者服药依从性明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者采取优质护理方案,可以有效地改善患者的社交功能,能够提高患者的健康知识知晓度,促使患者更加主动地按照医嘱服药,从而有利于促进患者康复。

混凝土聚脲涂层配套单组分聚氨酯底漆的附着性研究

研究了3种用于混凝土防护的聚脲涂层的单组分聚氨酯底漆（底漆1～底漆3）的缺陷封闭效果，考察了环境温度和湿度对聚氨酯底漆与混凝土附着性能的影响，以及喷涂聚脲后涂层与混凝土之间附着力随时间的变化规律。结果表明，底漆涂刷前为均匀黏稠体，无凝胶、结块，涂刷后漆膜质量良好，未出现发泡、回缩或缩孔现象；喷涂聚脲后，涂刷3种聚氨酯底漆后聚脲对混凝土的附着力随着时间的增加而分别增至5．63、5．39、6．09MPa，随后趋于稳定。

Study of Defect-Layers Effect in Ferroelectric Thin Film with Transverse Ising Model

By taking into account the two-spin interaction in the transverse Ising model （TIM）, the influence of the defect layers （including JB and ΩB） on the polarization and Curie temperature are calculated numerically, within the framework of the decoupling approximation under Green＇s function. The numerical results show that the polarization and Curie temperature will both become large sensitively due to the large values of JB and the small value of ΩB of the defect layers. Meanwhile, the dependence of the crossover values of the exchange interaction JA, the transverse field ΩA of the bulk material on the exchange interaction JB and the transverse field ΩB of the defect layers are shown in 3-Dimensional （3-D） figures for the first time. Moreover, the transition features of the ferroelectric thin film with defect layers are presented.

“一站式”婚育综合服务模式在婚前保健中的效果观察

目的为更好地实施《母婴保健法》《两纲》及《广西地中海贫血防治计划》,有效提高婚检率、地中海贫血筛查率等,降低出生缺陷。方法将梧州市卫生、计生、民政三部门集中办公,创建了免费婚检、婚姻登记、计生服务“三位一体”的“一站式”婚育综合服务中心,为新人提供便捷、优质的服务;统计项目实施前后婚检率、地中海贫血初筛率、地中海贫血基因诊断率、地中海贫血随访率、叶酸发放率;抽查600对新人对地中海贫血防治、服用叶酸、计生法规、优生优育知识宣教前后的知晓率、“一站式”婚约综合服务满意率。结果梧州市婚检率由0.91%提高至98.63%,地中海贫血初筛率100%,双方阳性已孕夫妻地中海贫血基因诊断率80.27%,双方地中海贫血阳性追踪随访率100%,叶酸发放率100%,出生缺陷率下降了50.68%。600对新人对服用叶酸、地中海贫血防治、计生法规、优生优育等知晓率分别为100%、98%、95%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。“一站式”婚育综合服务满意率为99.6%;至2014年底梧州市新人计生法规、避孕药具免费发放率、女新人计划避孕有效率、《计生服务手册》入户率分别达到98.04%、100%、98.06%,计生合同签订率达95.09%。结论实施“一站式”婚育综合服务模式有效提高婚检率、地中海贫血筛查和地中海贫血基因诊断率,出生缺陷明显下降,该模式利国利民,值得推广。

Inorganic material passivation of defects toward efficient perovskite solar cells

Surface passivation with organic materials is one of the most effective and popular strategies to improve the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs). However, the secondary bonding formed between organic molecules and perovskite layers is still not strong enough to protect the perovskite absorber from degradation initialized by oxygen and water attacking at defects. Recently, passivation with inorganic materials has gradually been favored by researchers due to the effectiveness of chemical and mechanical passivation. Lead-containing substances, alkali metal halides, transition elements, oxides,hydrophobic substances, etc. have already been applied to the surface and interfacial passivation of PSCs.These inorganic substances mainly manipulate the nucleation and crystallization process of perovskite absorbers by chemically passivating defects along grain boundaries and surface or forming a mechanically protective layer simultaneously to prevent the penetration of moisture and oxygen, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the PSCs. Herein, we mainly summarize inorganic passivating materials and their individual passivation principles and methods. Finally, this review offers a personal perspective for future research trends in the development of passivation strategies through inorganic materials.