The territory of the Republic of Macedonia is divided to geographical regions, in which different types of monuments and houses from Ottoman character can be found. The monuments and regions presented through this pap...The territory of the Republic of Macedonia is divided to geographical regions, in which different types of monuments and houses from Ottoman character can be found. The monuments and regions presented through this paper do not cover all the regions of Macedonia but only the territories of Skopje, the capital of Macedonia and Ohrid. This paper involves a research of Ottoman housing and settlements in Macedonia according to the architectural characteristics and settlement textures using old-new photographs, related literature, internet sources and site investigation. The rich vernacular traditions we inherited from Ottoman ancestors would be a source for inspiring the architects in establishing the guiding principles for new buildings in Macedonia. Finally, this study concludes with some ways forward on how to attain cultural continuity for achieving sustainable development in the long run.展开更多
This paper aims at analyzing and evaluating investments in rangeland management through the use of the discount rate tool. The most important parameter which is considered when estimating the discount rate is the life...This paper aims at analyzing and evaluating investments in rangeland management through the use of the discount rate tool. The most important parameter which is considered when estimating the discount rate is the lifetime of the investment, which varies depending on the kind of the intervention. An undeniable characteristic of rangelands is their rich biodiversity. However, the fact that not all the flora and fauna has been recorded yet, suggests the need for using the lowest possible discount rate （but not zero）, giving thus a high value on the benefits that will arise for future generations always in the light of sustainable development. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis has to be performed in order to determine the upper and lower limit of return on investment, so that the decision-maker in charge can be more flexible on the evaluation Of an investment proposal.展开更多
By applying methods of investment appraisal, this paper offers a financial approach for determining the optimal level of segment-specific marketing activities and market development under the conditions of imperfect m...By applying methods of investment appraisal, this paper offers a financial approach for determining the optimal level of segment-specific marketing activities and market development under the conditions of imperfect markets and uncertainty. Within the scope of marketing planning and controlling, the model is suited to optimizing an enterprise＇s market activities and taking interdependencies between market segments, production, and investments into account. Applying duality theory of linear programming allows for identifying the income determinants and deriving formulas for a correct valuation by using （corrected） net present values （NPVs）. Under certain conditions, they can also be used to easily evaluate and financially interpret the effects of parameter changes. The author uses sensitivity analysis to support these findings and to obtain more information on the effects of these determinants.展开更多
文摘The territory of the Republic of Macedonia is divided to geographical regions, in which different types of monuments and houses from Ottoman character can be found. The monuments and regions presented through this paper do not cover all the regions of Macedonia but only the territories of Skopje, the capital of Macedonia and Ohrid. This paper involves a research of Ottoman housing and settlements in Macedonia according to the architectural characteristics and settlement textures using old-new photographs, related literature, internet sources and site investigation. The rich vernacular traditions we inherited from Ottoman ancestors would be a source for inspiring the architects in establishing the guiding principles for new buildings in Macedonia. Finally, this study concludes with some ways forward on how to attain cultural continuity for achieving sustainable development in the long run.
文摘This paper aims at analyzing and evaluating investments in rangeland management through the use of the discount rate tool. The most important parameter which is considered when estimating the discount rate is the lifetime of the investment, which varies depending on the kind of the intervention. An undeniable characteristic of rangelands is their rich biodiversity. However, the fact that not all the flora and fauna has been recorded yet, suggests the need for using the lowest possible discount rate （but not zero）, giving thus a high value on the benefits that will arise for future generations always in the light of sustainable development. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis has to be performed in order to determine the upper and lower limit of return on investment, so that the decision-maker in charge can be more flexible on the evaluation Of an investment proposal.
文摘By applying methods of investment appraisal, this paper offers a financial approach for determining the optimal level of segment-specific marketing activities and market development under the conditions of imperfect markets and uncertainty. Within the scope of marketing planning and controlling, the model is suited to optimizing an enterprise＇s market activities and taking interdependencies between market segments, production, and investments into account. Applying duality theory of linear programming allows for identifying the income determinants and deriving formulas for a correct valuation by using （corrected） net present values （NPVs）. Under certain conditions, they can also be used to easily evaluate and financially interpret the effects of parameter changes. The author uses sensitivity analysis to support these findings and to obtain more information on the effects of these determinants.
