The history and current status of Pharmacy Administration discipline atpharmacy schools in China are illustrated. Several current issues are explored including: (1)insufficient teaching organizations and curriculum, (...The history and current status of Pharmacy Administration discipline atpharmacy schools in China are illustrated. Several current issues are explored including: (1)insufficient teaching organizations and curriculum, (2) faculty deficiency both in quantity andquality, and (3) much improvement needed in the scope, methodology, and sophistication of research.Several development strategies are formulated such as (1) integrating native education resources inorder to better foster quality professionals, (2) accelerating inter-university cooperation both inteaching and research, and (3) studying the regularites of discipline development and enhancinginternational exchange.展开更多
Along with development of China＇s popular education, the embodiment of humanistic education is the natural and inevitable requirement of higher education after its transition from elite to popular education to ensure...Along with development of China＇s popular education, the embodiment of humanistic education is the natural and inevitable requirement of higher education after its transition from elite to popular education to ensure a good quality and a higher level. English teaching is indispensable due to the uniqueness of Chinese language and culture, and our open policy. College English teaching has become an extremely important platform, different from most other countries, to train talents. And to train talents is not only to train for the English language speakers or to be just certain technicians. This article will, from aspects of teaching philosophy, theory and mode, give a preliminary probe into the reasons why humanistic education should show itself up in all segments of college English teaching and how to show up. And it is expected to use the little to get the big.展开更多
Physical education teachers play an important role in helping students＇ development of the motor skills needed to be physically literate individuals. Research suggests that teacher made instructional design decisions...Physical education teachers play an important role in helping students＇ development of the motor skills needed to be physically literate individuals. Research suggests that teacher made instructional design decisions can lead to enhanced motor skill learning. After presenting a model of evidence-based research this paper presents information that will help teachers plan and execute lessons designed to improve students＇ motor skills. Variables that impact motor skill learning in physical education including time, type of practice, content, presentation and organizational strategies, and student skill level are presented and discussed. A brief section on student attitudes, their relation to motor skill learning and to physical literacy is included. Motor skills are needed for physically literate people to enjoy lifelong physical activity. Physical education teachers and the decisions they make contribute to students＇ learning and whether the goal of physical literacy is met.展开更多
A point on the distinction between design and science is given and the connotanons of aeslgn science are discussed in the paper. Design should be understood as the first step of all human＇ s purposeful activity, whic...A point on the distinction between design and science is given and the connotanons of aeslgn science are discussed in the paper. Design should be understood as the first step of all human＇ s purposeful activity, which is a daily behavior for everyone. Four laws are summarized, which describe the basic patterns of design and are the constituents of design science. They are the law of design based on existed knowledge, law of in- completeness of design knowledge, law of design centered on new knowledge acquirement and law of competi- tiveness of design knowledge. The four basic laws show the knowledge essence of design. To enrich the existed knowledge, to make it convenient to be used, to teach designers with high intuition and inspiration in picking useful elements of existed knowledge and shaping competitive ideas and to have strong new knowledge acquire- ment facility are the basic conditions of good designs. Study of design science will promote the structure of tra- ditional engineering education. An important conclusion is derived that there will be no successful innovation without good design.展开更多
Consciousness is the main quality one can ask architecture students. Consciousness means the ability to recognize that the design process is a ＂problem solving＂ activity and not an exercise of uncontrolled imaginati...Consciousness is the main quality one can ask architecture students. Consciousness means the ability to recognize that the design process is a ＂problem solving＂ activity and not an exercise of uncontrolled imagination. In architectural education, small structures are a common subject in American and European universities where the inductive teaching is practiced routinely. This teaching experiment is developed within a design studio course in the second year of an architecture degree course and regards design and construction of a small bridge l：l scale. The exercises focus on the role of structural behaviour within architectural design. The teaching method contributes to the perception of the great complexity of the design process, to the acquisition of an attitude of prudence in design choices and to attention to detail in the development of creativity.展开更多
With the quick development of the reform of College English teaching, web based College English teaching is used and generalized in every institution of higher education. However, more attention should be paid to the ...With the quick development of the reform of College English teaching, web based College English teaching is used and generalized in every institution of higher education. However, more attention should be paid to the teaching quality to develop this web based College English teaching model. Therefore, the construction of the quality guarantee system is of major significance to promote the effective design of web based College English course system and improve the quality of web based College English teaching.展开更多
Colleges and universities, as important educational institutions of training professional personnel, should make a change to the curriculum setting along with the changed demands of market on personnel. In this proces...Colleges and universities, as important educational institutions of training professional personnel, should make a change to the curriculum setting along with the changed demands of market on personnel. In this process, art can be used by them as a key course in teaching. On the one hand, the improvement of art education in colleges and universities can provide students with increasingly more learning opportunities in professional learning, so that the professional quality of students can be promoted to reach a corresponding level in a certain period. On the other hand, art education has exerted a variety of positive roles in promoting the construction of campus culture, and especially has promoted the students in colleges and universities to get objective cultural knowledge in ideology. Therefore, this is analyzed by the author in this paper.展开更多
As the environment of modem art design is more complex than before, currently the key of art design education should pay attention to the training of designers＇ design thinking. Today, multi-dimensional design class ...As the environment of modem art design is more complex than before, currently the key of art design education should pay attention to the training of designers＇ design thinking. Today, multi-dimensional design class decide to have an eye on the diversify forms of thinking. If the designer can get hold of the right design approach, it is possible to play a multiplier effect, and this design works to spread far and wide, deeply rooted, and an outstanding design talent will be made.展开更多
Knowledge is essentially a human construct and it evolves continuously on reflective thinking and is practiced systematically in educational institutions. Education has to develop man＇s intellectual, physical, and sp...Knowledge is essentially a human construct and it evolves continuously on reflective thinking and is practiced systematically in educational institutions. Education has to develop man＇s intellectual, physical, and spiritual powers for survival and develop enrichment factors of life through its curriculum which has certainty of content and methodology based on the educational objectives. Curriculum must build the capacity of individuals. Hence, the author defines curriculum and argues the results as better life style. Also, the author projects the expectations of the twenty-first century learners, and has extended the educational objectives to one more domain as enterprise domain, emphasizing that education must aim to develop entrepreneurial skills of learners. Therefore, it is essential that any curriculum be framed in the light of the existing curriculum, educational transaction, needs of the society, and measurable practices and evaluation, and must aim for enrichment in curricular knowledge, pedagogy and transmission techniques, and value inculcation. The author portrays the results of education.展开更多
The curriculum setting is the core for higher tourism education. In this field, American has instructive experiences that are worthy of learning. In this paper, the researcher carries out an investigation to, on the o...The curriculum setting is the core for higher tourism education. In this field, American has instructive experiences that are worthy of learning. In this paper, the researcher carries out an investigation to, on the one hand, analyze the university＇ s advanced achievements in majors settings, course structure, and mode of instruction from the aspects of bachelor, master, doctor, and on the other hand to make a prospect of the future development of the curriculum for higher tourism education in China, by using the method of the literature analysis and interview with the College of Hotel Administration at Cornell University as an example case.展开更多
Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is the most advanced and representative technique in the field of therapeutic endoscopy and has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal neoplasms,including early gastric c...Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is the most advanced and representative technique in the field of therapeutic endoscopy and has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal neoplasms,including early gastric cancer.The major difference and advantage of ESD compared to existing endoscopic resection techniques,such as endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) and polypectomy,are the width and depth of the resection.Newly developed cutting devices,distal attachable endoscopic accessories,and an advanced electrosurgical unit have helped to overcome the limitations of therapeutic endoscopy in terms of lesion size,location,presence of fibrotic scarring,and accompanying ulcers.As a result,the indications for ESD have been expanded from the classical indication for EMR and polypectomy,and there is now support for a further expansion of ESD indications.At present,the most critical factor to consider in the decision of whether to perform ESD is the probability of unexpected lymph node metastasis.The guidelines for ESD are continually being updated and debated.In this review,we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the expanded guidelines,based on evidence found in the literature.展开更多
文摘The history and current status of Pharmacy Administration discipline atpharmacy schools in China are illustrated. Several current issues are explored including: (1)insufficient teaching organizations and curriculum, (2) faculty deficiency both in quantity andquality, and (3) much improvement needed in the scope, methodology, and sophistication of research.Several development strategies are formulated such as (1) integrating native education resources inorder to better foster quality professionals, (2) accelerating inter-university cooperation both inteaching and research, and (3) studying the regularites of discipline development and enhancinginternational exchange.
文摘Along with development of China＇s popular education, the embodiment of humanistic education is the natural and inevitable requirement of higher education after its transition from elite to popular education to ensure a good quality and a higher level. English teaching is indispensable due to the uniqueness of Chinese language and culture, and our open policy. College English teaching has become an extremely important platform, different from most other countries, to train talents. And to train talents is not only to train for the English language speakers or to be just certain technicians. This article will, from aspects of teaching philosophy, theory and mode, give a preliminary probe into the reasons why humanistic education should show itself up in all segments of college English teaching and how to show up. And it is expected to use the little to get the big.
文摘Physical education teachers play an important role in helping students＇ development of the motor skills needed to be physically literate individuals. Research suggests that teacher made instructional design decisions can lead to enhanced motor skill learning. After presenting a model of evidence-based research this paper presents information that will help teachers plan and execute lessons designed to improve students＇ motor skills. Variables that impact motor skill learning in physical education including time, type of practice, content, presentation and organizational strategies, and student skill level are presented and discussed. A brief section on student attitudes, their relation to motor skill learning and to physical literacy is included. Motor skills are needed for physically literate people to enjoy lifelong physical activity. Physical education teachers and the decisions they make contribute to students＇ learning and whether the goal of physical literacy is met.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50935004)
文摘A point on the distinction between design and science is given and the connotanons of aeslgn science are discussed in the paper. Design should be understood as the first step of all human＇ s purposeful activity, which is a daily behavior for everyone. Four laws are summarized, which describe the basic patterns of design and are the constituents of design science. They are the law of design based on existed knowledge, law of in- completeness of design knowledge, law of design centered on new knowledge acquirement and law of competi- tiveness of design knowledge. The four basic laws show the knowledge essence of design. To enrich the existed knowledge, to make it convenient to be used, to teach designers with high intuition and inspiration in picking useful elements of existed knowledge and shaping competitive ideas and to have strong new knowledge acquire- ment facility are the basic conditions of good designs. Study of design science will promote the structure of tra- ditional engineering education. An important conclusion is derived that there will be no successful innovation without good design.
文摘Consciousness is the main quality one can ask architecture students. Consciousness means the ability to recognize that the design process is a ＂problem solving＂ activity and not an exercise of uncontrolled imagination. In architectural education, small structures are a common subject in American and European universities where the inductive teaching is practiced routinely. This teaching experiment is developed within a design studio course in the second year of an architecture degree course and regards design and construction of a small bridge l：l scale. The exercises focus on the role of structural behaviour within architectural design. The teaching method contributes to the perception of the great complexity of the design process, to the acquisition of an attitude of prudence in design choices and to attention to detail in the development of creativity.
文摘With the quick development of the reform of College English teaching, web based College English teaching is used and generalized in every institution of higher education. However, more attention should be paid to the teaching quality to develop this web based College English teaching model. Therefore, the construction of the quality guarantee system is of major significance to promote the effective design of web based College English course system and improve the quality of web based College English teaching.
文摘Colleges and universities, as important educational institutions of training professional personnel, should make a change to the curriculum setting along with the changed demands of market on personnel. In this process, art can be used by them as a key course in teaching. On the one hand, the improvement of art education in colleges and universities can provide students with increasingly more learning opportunities in professional learning, so that the professional quality of students can be promoted to reach a corresponding level in a certain period. On the other hand, art education has exerted a variety of positive roles in promoting the construction of campus culture, and especially has promoted the students in colleges and universities to get objective cultural knowledge in ideology. Therefore, this is analyzed by the author in this paper.
文摘As the environment of modem art design is more complex than before, currently the key of art design education should pay attention to the training of designers＇ design thinking. Today, multi-dimensional design class decide to have an eye on the diversify forms of thinking. If the designer can get hold of the right design approach, it is possible to play a multiplier effect, and this design works to spread far and wide, deeply rooted, and an outstanding design talent will be made.
文摘Knowledge is essentially a human construct and it evolves continuously on reflective thinking and is practiced systematically in educational institutions. Education has to develop man＇s intellectual, physical, and spiritual powers for survival and develop enrichment factors of life through its curriculum which has certainty of content and methodology based on the educational objectives. Curriculum must build the capacity of individuals. Hence, the author defines curriculum and argues the results as better life style. Also, the author projects the expectations of the twenty-first century learners, and has extended the educational objectives to one more domain as enterprise domain, emphasizing that education must aim to develop entrepreneurial skills of learners. Therefore, it is essential that any curriculum be framed in the light of the existing curriculum, educational transaction, needs of the society, and measurable practices and evaluation, and must aim for enrichment in curricular knowledge, pedagogy and transmission techniques, and value inculcation. The author portrays the results of education.
文摘The curriculum setting is the core for higher tourism education. In this field, American has instructive experiences that are worthy of learning. In this paper, the researcher carries out an investigation to, on the one hand, analyze the university＇ s advanced achievements in majors settings, course structure, and mode of instruction from the aspects of bachelor, master, doctor, and on the other hand to make a prospect of the future development of the curriculum for higher tourism education in China, by using the method of the literature analysis and interview with the College of Hotel Administration at Cornell University as an example case.
文摘Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is the most advanced and representative technique in the field of therapeutic endoscopy and has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal neoplasms,including early gastric cancer.The major difference and advantage of ESD compared to existing endoscopic resection techniques,such as endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) and polypectomy,are the width and depth of the resection.Newly developed cutting devices,distal attachable endoscopic accessories,and an advanced electrosurgical unit have helped to overcome the limitations of therapeutic endoscopy in terms of lesion size,location,presence of fibrotic scarring,and accompanying ulcers.As a result,the indications for ESD have been expanded from the classical indication for EMR and polypectomy,and there is now support for a further expansion of ESD indications.At present,the most critical factor to consider in the decision of whether to perform ESD is the probability of unexpected lymph node metastasis.The guidelines for ESD are continually being updated and debated.In this review,we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the expanded guidelines,based on evidence found in the literature.
