研究毫米波雷达的地杂波特性对提高毫米波雷达的目标探测性能和大地遥感具有重要的作用。针对毫米波雷达地杂波测量问题,讨论了地杂波散射系数测量方法,对毫米波线性调频连续波(linear frequency modula-tion continuous wave,LFMCW)雷...研究毫米波雷达的地杂波特性对提高毫米波雷达的目标探测性能和大地遥感具有重要的作用。针对毫米波雷达地杂波测量问题,讨论了地杂波散射系数测量方法,对毫米波线性调频连续波(linear frequency modula-tion continuous wave,LFMCW)雷达散射计的系统校准、有效独立采样数、数据处理中软件门的应用以及减少测量误差等相关技术进行了研究;给出了Ka波段散射计测量灌木丛杂波特性的结果,结果表明在入射角小于15°范围内灌木丛的杂波幅度分布服从瑞利分布。展开更多
Sea surface winds are of great significance in scientific research. In the last few years,three series of scatterometers were launched to measure these winds,including the Advanced Scatterometer(ASCAT) aboard Meteorol...Sea surface winds are of great significance in scientific research. In the last few years,three series of scatterometers were launched to measure these winds,including the Advanced Scatterometer(ASCAT) aboard Meteorological Operational Satellite A(Met Op-A) and Met Op-B,Oceansat-2 Scatterometer(OSCAT),and HY-2A Scatterometer(HY-2A SCAT). Based on buoy wind data,validation and intercomparison of these scatterometers were performed. Scatterometer-derived wind and buoy wind data were collected only if the spatial difference was less than 0.1 degree and temporal difference less than 5 min. After discarding wind direction data outside five times the standard deviation,ASCAT wind products showed high accuracy in both wind speed and direction,with root-mean-square error(RMSE) 0.86 m/s and 17.97 degrees,respectively. HY-2A SCAT nearly meets the mission requirement,with RMSE for wind speed 1.23 m/s and 22.85 degrees for wind direction. OSCAT had poor performance when compared with the others. RMSE for wind speed was 1.54 m/s and 39.86 degrees for wind direction,which greatly exceeds the mission requirement of 20 degrees. In addition,the RMSE for wind direction shows a high-low pattern on buoy wind speed. However,a wind speed range from 14 to 15 m/s was found to be abnormal,and the reason remains unclear. There was no systematic dependency of both wind speed and direction residuals on buoy wind speed and cross-track location of the wind vector cells across the entire range. No seasonal variation was found for any scatterometer.展开更多
Scattering phase function is assumed to be one of the most significant factors in the inherent optical properties （lOPs） of natural water. According to three criteria proposed for assessment, several commonly used e...Scattering phase function is assumed to be one of the most significant factors in the inherent optical properties （lOPs） of natural water. According to three criteria proposed for assessment, several commonly used empirical phase functions are compared with their related practical or theoretical scattering distributions in terms of fitting errors under the circumstances of typical seawater and single-component polydisperse systems. The optimal factors corresponding to the minimum fitting errors are also calculated. It is found that both the one-term Henyey-Greenstein （OTHG） and two-term Henyey-Greenstein （TTHG） phase functions agree well with the theoretical ones for small particles, while the Fouriner-Forand （FF） phase function can be used in the case of suspensions with large suspended particles. The fitting accuracy of OTHG is the worst, FF is better and TTHG is the best.展开更多
文摘研究毫米波雷达的地杂波特性对提高毫米波雷达的目标探测性能和大地遥感具有重要的作用。针对毫米波雷达地杂波测量问题,讨论了地杂波散射系数测量方法,对毫米波线性调频连续波(linear frequency modula-tion continuous wave,LFMCW)雷达散射计的系统校准、有效独立采样数、数据处理中软件门的应用以及减少测量误差等相关技术进行了研究;给出了Ka波段散射计测量灌木丛杂波特性的结果,结果表明在入射角小于15°范围内灌木丛的杂波幅度分布服从瑞利分布。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1406404,41331172,61361136001)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2013AA09A505)
文摘Sea surface winds are of great significance in scientific research. In the last few years,three series of scatterometers were launched to measure these winds,including the Advanced Scatterometer(ASCAT) aboard Meteorological Operational Satellite A(Met Op-A) and Met Op-B,Oceansat-2 Scatterometer(OSCAT),and HY-2A Scatterometer(HY-2A SCAT). Based on buoy wind data,validation and intercomparison of these scatterometers were performed. Scatterometer-derived wind and buoy wind data were collected only if the spatial difference was less than 0.1 degree and temporal difference less than 5 min. After discarding wind direction data outside five times the standard deviation,ASCAT wind products showed high accuracy in both wind speed and direction,with root-mean-square error(RMSE) 0.86 m/s and 17.97 degrees,respectively. HY-2A SCAT nearly meets the mission requirement,with RMSE for wind speed 1.23 m/s and 22.85 degrees for wind direction. OSCAT had poor performance when compared with the others. RMSE for wind speed was 1.54 m/s and 39.86 degrees for wind direction,which greatly exceeds the mission requirement of 20 degrees. In addition,the RMSE for wind direction shows a high-low pattern on buoy wind speed. However,a wind speed range from 14 to 15 m/s was found to be abnormal,and the reason remains unclear. There was no systematic dependency of both wind speed and direction residuals on buoy wind speed and cross-track location of the wind vector cells across the entire range. No seasonal variation was found for any scatterometer.
基金supported by the National "863" Program (No. 2006AA09Z207)
文摘Scattering phase function is assumed to be one of the most significant factors in the inherent optical properties （lOPs） of natural water. According to three criteria proposed for assessment, several commonly used empirical phase functions are compared with their related practical or theoretical scattering distributions in terms of fitting errors under the circumstances of typical seawater and single-component polydisperse systems. The optimal factors corresponding to the minimum fitting errors are also calculated. It is found that both the one-term Henyey-Greenstein （OTHG） and two-term Henyey-Greenstein （TTHG） phase functions agree well with the theoretical ones for small particles, while the Fouriner-Forand （FF） phase function can be used in the case of suspensions with large suspended particles. The fitting accuracy of OTHG is the worst, FF is better and TTHG is the best.
