旋流排沙渠道体型优化的正交数值试验方法和应用

为优化多泥沙河流引水渠道内的泥沙级配,实现泥沙分选的效果,提出了一种新型旋流排沙渠道。基于数值模拟与模型试验结果,采用正交数值试验方法,以分流比与排沙洞典型断面的流速为目标函数,优化了旋流排沙渠道的关键体型参数,对比分析了体型优化前后旋流排沙渠道的水沙特性。结果表明,正交数值试验设计能有效提升结构的优化效率,获得具有良好性能的旋流排沙渠道。当渠道来流量为30 L·s^(-1)时,优化体型的排沙耗水量较原体型减小21.5%,分流比减小4.6%,排沙洞出口断面最大流速增大10.8%,水流的挟沙能力增强,在排沙洞内形成更有利于泥沙运动的旋转水流条件;体型优化前后的旋流排沙渠道对粒径为0.075~3.0 mm泥沙的总体截沙率分别高达90%和88%,表明旋流排沙渠道具有良好的排沙特性,且优化体型排沙洞内的泥沙淤积量较原体型减小61.8%。本成果可为这种新型旋流排沙渠道体型优化和其在引水渠道等工程中的应用提供参考。

对《基本RBC方法模拟中国经济的数值试验》的评论及其他

在这篇扩展的匿名审稿报告中 ,我们先主要针对原文中标准RBC模型对于中国数据的拟合能力以及原文作者拟合实际经济所采用的方法提出若干不同意见与建议 。

获取金属材料颈缩后真实本构关系的数值迭代方法

为获取金属材料颈缩后的真实本构关系,提出了一种新型的试验-数值耦合方法,即NE(Numerical and experimental)法。该方法的基本原理是将单轴拉伸试验的荷载-位移曲线作为目标,通过有限元迭代运算,不断修正输入的应力-应变曲线,直至荷载-位移曲线的模拟结果与试验结果完全吻合或达到误差要求时,即得到真实应力-应变曲线。基于该原理,开发了一套数值模拟程序CONST以实现测试技术的自动化并节省操作时间。为验证NE法的有效性,将传统理论计算方法与NE法获得的材料真实本构关系进行对比,并对圆棒和矩形试件分别进行拉伸模拟,结果表明NE法对两种试件均适用,且NE法获得的荷载-位移曲线、颈缩变形特征等较理论计算方法更为精确。所提方法解决了金属材料单轴拉伸颈缩至断裂期间获取真实应力-应变曲线存在的困难,对材料性能评价及结构变形分析具有重要的理论及工程应用价值。

结构工程基于Ls-Dyna的数值试验

随着计算机仿真技术的发展,数值试验分析方法在结构工程中的应用越来越普遍。本文通过实例讨论,发现Ls-Dyna与其它的软件相结合可以对结构力学响应进行精确模拟,从而达到与做常规试验同等的目的。

层状盐岩蠕变变形相互作用研究

考虑泥岩夹层和盐岩的弹性性质和稳态蠕变性质,通过数值试验方法计算层状复合盐岩体在单轴和低围压三轴荷载作用下蠕变变形过程中力学相互作用和变形时效规律,分析泥岩夹层和盐岩层因蠕变率不匹配对层状盐岩蠕变的影响,初步讨论了层状复合岩体的复合材料研究方法。结果表明,层状盐岩中泥岩夹层与盐岩因弹性参数不匹配产生的初始应力集中在蠕变过程中发生松弛,因泥岩夹层与盐岩层蠕变率不匹配导致两者之间应力重分布,泥岩夹层对盐岩层的蠕变有明显抑制作用。这些分析体现了层状盐岩蠕变过程的非线性性质,为建立层状盐岩体合理本构模型奠定了基础。

紧缩场蜂窝夹层反射面板材料参数优化反求

紧缩场高精度蜂窝夹层结构反射面板由经特殊工艺处理的铝蜂窝芯和表层铝板胶接而成,解析计算和材料力学性能试验很难准确获得该夹层板的材料性能参数。本文中采用数值-试验混合模型方法对该种夹层板的等效材料性能参数进行了优化反求。正向分析采用有限元方法,逆向分析采用遗传算法和梯度法组合优化算法。正、逆分析过程的无缝集成和组合优化算法策略使反求效率明显提高。试验验证表明,采用反求方法获得的材料性能参数能够精确反应该夹层板的弹性本构关系,建立在该材料参数基础上的有限元模型具有理想的精度。

Numerical Simulation and Experiment on Dam Break Problem

In this paper, two novel numerical computation methods are introduced which have been recently developed at Research Institute for Applied Mechanics （ R/AM ）, Kyushu University, for strongly nonlinear wave-body interaction problems, such as ship motions in rough seas and resulting green-water impact on deck. The first method is the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, in which the free surface flow is treated as a multi-phase flow which is solved using a Cartesian grid. The second method is the MPS method, which is a so-called particle method and hence no grid is used. The features and calculation procedures of these numerical methods are described. One validation computation against a newly conducted experiment on a dam break problem, which is also described in this paper, is presented.

Numerical and experimental evaluation on methods for parameter identification of thermal response tests

Several parameter identification methods of thermal response test were evaluated through numerical and experimental study.A three-dimensional finite-volume numerical model was established under the assumption that the soil thermal conductivity had been known in the simulation of thermal response test.The thermal response curve was firstly obtained through numerical calculation.Then,the accuracy of the numerical model was verified with measured data obtained through a thermal response test.Based on the numerical and experimental thermal response curves,the thermal conductivity of the soil was calculated by different parameter identification methods.The calculated results were compared with the assumed value and then the accuracy of these methods was evaluated.Furthermore,the effects of test time,variable data quality,borehole radius,initial ground temperature,and heat injection rate were analyzed.The results show that the method based on cylinder-source model has a low precision and the identified thermal conductivity decreases with an increase in borehole radius.For parameter estimation,the measuring accuracy of the initial temperature of the deep ground soil has greater effect on identified thermal conductivity.

Influence of a Deflector or a Wall on Savonius Rotor Efficiency

The Savonius rotor is a vertical axis-wind machine composed of two half cylindrical blades presenting a central gap. It is a slow velocity machine compared with horizontal wind machines. Its efficiency is about twenty per cent. In this work experimental tests are presented using two kind of deflectors placed in front of the resistive blade. Such disposition allows to hide the resistant blade and to guide the flow toward the motrice blade. Two deflectors have been used： a short one and a long one. The results obtained in wind tunnel have shown that the long deflector is the more efficient, essentially for high values of the tip speed ratio. One has been interested, using a numerical approach, in the study of the influence of a wall on the aerodynamical field near the rotor.

Numerical simulation study of the failure evolution process and failure mode of surrounding rock in deep soft rock roadways

Based on the safety coefficient method,which assigns rock failure criteria to calculate the rock mass unit,the safety coefficient contour of surrounding rock is plotted to judge the distribution form of the fractured zone in the roadway.This will provide the basis numerical simulation to calculate the surrounding rock fractured zone in a roadway.Using the single factor and multi-factor orthogonal test method,the evolution law of roadway surrounding rock displacements,plastic zone and stress distribution under different conditions is studied.It reveals the roadway surrounding rock burst evolution process,and obtains five kinds of failure modes in deep soft rock roadway.Using the fuzzy mathematics clustering analysis method,the deep soft surrounding rock failure model in Zhujixi mine can be classified and patterns recognized.Compared to the identification results and the results detected by geological radar of surrounding rock loose circle,the reliability of the results of the pattern recognition is verified and lays the foundations for the support design of deep soft rock roadways.

Improved parameter selection method for mesoscopic numerical simulation test of direct tensile failure of rock and concrete

In order to numerically simulate the failure process of rock and concrete under uniaxial tension,an improved method of selecting the mechanical properties of materials was presented for the random mechanic parameter model based on the mesoscopic damage mechanics.The product of strength and elastic modulus of mesoscale representative volume element was considered to be one of the mechanical property parameters of materials and assumed to conform to specified probability distributions to reflect the heterogeneity of mechanical property in materials.With the improved property parameter selection method,a numerical program was developed and the simulation of the failure process of the rock and concrete specimens under static tensile loading condition was carried out.The failure process and complete stress-strain curves of a class of rock and concrete in stable fracture propagation manner under uniaxial tension were obtained.The simulated macroscopic mechanical behavior was compared with the available laboratory experimental observation,and a reasonable agreement was obtained.Verification shows that the improved parameter selection method is suitable for mesoscopic numerical simulation in the failure process of rock and concrete.

Numerical Solution of Scalar Field for Nariai Case in 5D Ricci-Flat SdS Black String Space with Polynomial Approximation

As one exact candidate of the higher dimensional black hole, the 5D Ricci-flat Schwarzsehild-de Sitter black string space presents something interesting. In this paper, we give a numerical solution to the real scalar field around the Nariai black hole by the polynomial approximation. Unlike the previous tangent approximation, this fitting function makes a perfect match in the leading intermediate region and gives a good description near both the event and the cosmological horizons. We can read from our results that the wave is close to a harmonic one with the tortoise coordinate. Furthermore, with the actual radial coordinate the waves pile up almost equally near the both horizons.

Simulation Analysis of a New Type of Bionic Digging Shovel Based on DEM

The performance of a digging shovel mainly depends on the style of the shovel, while the conventional experiment methods always suffer from the problems of high lost and long period. Aiming at these problems and the characteristic that soil is composed of countless small particles, dynamic simulation analysis was performed on the resistance to a bionic digging shovel and crushing rate of the soil during the normal working process of the bionic digging shovel by EDEM through numerical simulation, calculation and comparison. The results showed that compared with the ordinary shovel, the average drag-reducing rate in the X direction was 10.41%, and the average drag-reducing rate in the Y direction was 16.28%, and the soil crushing rate was improved by 2.67%. Therefore, the bionic digging shovel has certain superiority and extension value in structure and performance. Moreover, this analysis case fully demonstrates the unique advantage of DEM method and its generalizability, and provides certain reference for similar studies.

Field experiment on coalmine heat disaster governance using cold source from surface water

Regarding the lack of cold source for underground cooling systems from either mine inflow or return air, field experiments were taken in a high temperature deep coal mine with abundant cold source from surface water. Taking Sanhejian coal mine as an example, this paper introduced the technology scheme of heat disaster governance using surface water cold source. The paper presents the basics of this field experiment at the beginning, following by the design and site layout of the cooling system including the analysis and calculation of cold source. Numerical calculation method is also applied based on the operation parameters to simulate the influence to the surface river ecosystem. The results suggest that the temperature of surface water shall be lower than 34 ℃ after heat exchange, and when more cooling capacities are needed in the future, increasing the water flow is more favorable than increasing the cooling range of water, which is better for the ecological environment protection,

Second-order schemes for solving decoupled forward backward stochastic differential equations

In this paper,by using trapezoidal rule and the integration-by-parts formula of Malliavin calculus,we propose three new numerical schemes for solving decoupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations.We theoretically prove that the schemes have second-order convergence rate.To demonstrate the effectiveness and the second-order convergence rate,numerical tests are given.

Vibration test condition for spacecraft lift-off environment

The purpose of the vibration test of spacecrafts is to assess their adaptability to low-frequency vibration environment during lift-off.This paper gives the simulation of the satellite ground vibration test(GVT) and the state of the satellite along with rocket during lift-off.The simulation results of these two states are compared on condition that the lateral vibration of satellite/launching vehicle(S/LV) interface is the same.It is shown that the dynamic responses of satellite vertex are totally different.This is because there is angular motion of S/LV interface during lift-off,but in the GVT,the angular motion is restrained.By means of numerical simulation of the lift-off state,the angular motion related to the translation motion of S/LV interface can be determined.Then,using this angular motion as supplementary condition to simulate the vibration test,the calculated dynamic responses of satellite vertex are identical with the lift-off state.It demonstrates that supplementing angular motion condition is an effective method to improve spacecraft ground vibration test more identically with the real lift-off environment.Furthermore,it is useful for the application of the multi-degree-of-freedom shaking table,and provides the basis for test condition requirement.

A Reduced Basis Approach for Some Weakly Stochastic Multiscale Problems

In this paper,a multiscale problem arising in material science is considered.The problem involves a random coefficient which is assumed to be a perturbation of a deterministic coefficient,in a sense made precisely in the body of the text.The homogenized limit is then computed by using a perturbation approach.This computation requires repeatedly solving a corrector-like equation for various configurations of the material.For this purpose,the reduced basis approach is employed and adapted to the specific context.The authors perform numerical tests that demonstrate the efficiency of the approach.