轨迹、重构与区隔:生命历程视角下老年群体数字分化

老年群体和其他世代群体间的数字鸿沟问题已引起高度重视,而老年群体内部因信息差距而产生并在不断扩大的社会分化现象却鲜有人关注。当今老年一代与媒介和技术共处中呈现出的独特性,源于这一代人特定的人生轨迹与生命历程。基于对61位受访老人智能媒体使用情况的日志式记录和半结构化访谈,用NVIVO质性分析软件描绘老人媒介使用轨迹,揭示老年群体内部信息分化与个体生命历程以及宏观的社会变迁之间的内在关联。研究发现,老年群体数字分化是个体能动性与社会因素相互作用的结果,关键性生命事件、文化资本、社会关系网络、个体能动性、时空契合度等因素影响老人数字媒体接触意愿与使用习惯,最终在老年人群内部形成数字技能、数字素养、认知水平三个层面的分化。

“后真相”时代终将延续下去——论数字空间里的社会分化与群体聚合

数字空间里,情感驱动了分化和群体聚合,情感本身就是最终的归因,同时个人信仰汇成暂时性舆论群体,又能促使这些群体分化。理性虽被绕过,客观事实虽被无视,但也未必全然是坏事。因为精英主义下的专业权威、阶层分裂下的权力威信未必比个人信仰更加可靠,群体在不断变动中的分化与聚合可能比稳固的状态更有朝气,更能推动言论的自由。当技术推动时代进入一种与先前不一样的生存时空和社会结构中时,到底应不应该因为事实重要性的减弱而质疑新现象的产生,到底应不应该因为个人信仰和情感因素的取而代之就斥责这种现象为"病症",有待商榷。

浅谈数字化医院发展战略

通过对当前科学领域普遍面临的数字化世界、数字分化、数字挑战与生存等问题的论述,指出了医院在数字化建设过程中面临的医疗工作方式数字化、信息流动网络化、医学科学虚拟化和智能化的发展趋势;分析和总结了当前我国数字化医院建设的发展战略类型、战略要点及和建设阶段。

网络社会的层级化:现实阶层与虚拟层级的交织

网络的"圈层化",既意味着人群的圈子化,也意味着人群的层级化。从层级化的角度看,网络社会既折射着现实的社会分层,又在自身的关系结构中形成了多种维度的分层,主要包括网络话语权层级、网络代际层级、网络产品与平台层级、网络应用能力层级等。这些层级分化,加之现实社会阶层因素,都可能带来网络人群在话语权、文化偏向、趣味、应用及获利能力等方面的落差,不过这些落差未必都是鸿沟。人们在网络层级中,具有一定的流动性,但这种流动性仍然有限。

A LINEAR APPROACH TO METRIC CIRCUMFERENCE COMPUTATIO FOR DIGITIZED CONVEX SHAPES

Metric measurement of digitized shapes is commonly applied in optical measuring systems.In this letter,three shape-related factors defined by the authors are used in the construction of amultiple linear regression model which is utilized to compute the circumference of the convex shapes inmillimeter unit.The model is first built upon the relationship hypothesis and then its adequacy ismathematically validated.The results of applying the developed model to the given number of convexshapes in a finite circumferential length range suggest that,in terms of percent error,the model pre-cision is to satisfaction by being within±4%.The test also shows the model’s robustness against theshape’s orientation anisotropy.

Capacity Maximization Based Power Loading Analysis for Digital Channelized Satcom Systems

For digital channelized frequency division multiple access based satellite communication(SATCOM) systems,it is a challenging but critical issue to improve the transponder power and spectrum efficiency simultaneously under limited and non-linear high-power amplifier conditions.In this paper,different from the traditional link supportability designs aiming at minimizing the total transponder output power,a maximal sum Shannon capacity optimization objective is firstly raised subject to link supportability constraints.Furthermore,an efficient multilevel optimization(MO) algorithm is proposed to solve the considered optimization problem in the case of single link for each terminal.Moreover,in the case of multiple links for one terminal,an improved MO algorithm involving Golden section and discrete gradient searching procedures is proposed to optimize power allocation over all links.Finally,several numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposals.Comparison results show that,by the MO algorithm,not only all links' supportability can be guaranteed but also a larger sum capacity can be achieved with lower complexity.

Equilibrium morphology of gas–liquid Janus droplets: A numerical analysis of buoyancy effect

In this article, a theoretical model for predicting the equilibrium morphology of gas–liquid Janus droplets was built. Based on this model, the effects of bubble radius and volume ratio on morphology change was systematically studied. The increase of bubble radius causes the two parts(bubble and oil drop) in Janus droplets tend to merge while the impact of volume ratio is complicated. When volume ratio increases, these two parts firstly tend to merge, then gradually separate. The accuracy of this model was verified by experimental results.

Thoughts About Paths for Digitization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Refined Data Elements

For digitalization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),research is being conducted on objectivization of diagnosis and treatment,mathematical models of TCM theories,and application of modern information technology to digitize the vast amounts of existing information.However,the author believes that TCM practitioners should first conduct a systematic and comprehensive refined analysis on the knowledge of TCM and unify data elements used in computer intelligence to avoid ambiguity.Thus,we must overcome the epistemological constraints and carefully analyze the relationship among data elements to achieve systematic results and administer TCM appropriately.

Nonconforming Finite Element Approximation on Anisotropic Meshes with Numerical Quadrature

In this paper we mainly discuss the nonconforming fimte element method for second order elliptic boundary value problems on anisotropic meshes. By changing thediscretization form（i.e., by use of numerical quadrature in the procedure of computing the left load）, we obtain the optimal estimate O（h）, which is as same as in the traditionalfinite element analysis when the load f ∈ H1 （Ω）η Co（Ω） which is weaker than the previousstudies. The results obtained in this paper are also valid to the conforming triangular elementand nonconforming Carey＇s element.

Micromechanical analysis of damage evolution in splitting test of asphalt mixtures

A methodology was presented relating the microstructure of asphalt mixtures to their damage behavior. Digital image techniques were used to capture the asphalt mixture microstructure, and the finite element method was used to simulate the damage evolution of asphalt mixture through splitting test. Aggregates were modeled to be linearly elastic, and the mastics were modeled to be plastically damaged. The splitting test simulation results show that the material heterogeneity, the properties of aggregates and air voids have significant effects on the damage evolution approach. The damage behavior of asphalt mixture considering material heterogeneity is quite different from that of the conventional hypothesis of homogeneous material. The results indicate that the proposed method can be extended to the numerical analysis for the other micromechanical behaviors of asphalt concrete.

Improving signal to noise ratio of seismic profiles using an image processing technique

This paper introduces an image processing technique into seismic data processing as a noise attenuation technology. The image separation of the seismic profile is obtained by using grating operators based on different time dips and a set of relative single dip profiles is obtained. A high signal to noise ratio profile can be obtained during reconstruction by statistical weighting. With further processing analysis and geological study, a high signal to noise profile that can meet geological requirements can be produced. The real data examples show that the signal to noise ratio of the profile is greatly improved, the resolution of the profile is maintained, and the fault terminations are much clearer after using the image processing method.

Process and Manufacturing of Ceramic Pattern and Its Digital Analysis by Computer

This paper compares Ceramic Decal design and traditional printing design through computer; show the innovation advantages of computer Ceramic Decal design prominent, such as computer color advantage, computer design software brings innovation advantage. The computer brings to the thinking innovation advantage and computer Ceramic Decal design than the traditional ceramic decal in the design process. Through the design advantage that computer has very important influence and significance of ceramic decal.

The Anthroposophy of Professor Radojcic

In this paper, we present life and scientific work of Dr. Milog Radojcic （1903-1975）, the professor of the University of Belgrade and corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts. In the background of all of Radojcic＇s scientific works were the doctrine of anthroposophy and geometry as its essential part. It led him to, at the time, most contemporary problems in mathematics and mathematical physics. His interest in Medieval art reveals a personality capable to unify by itself artistic and scientific worldview. His published works were digitized in 2008 at the Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and exhibited as a part of the virtual library of the National Center for Digitization. Some of his papers, both published and unpublished ones, are extremly actual and their republishing could be very important not only for scientific but also for general public as well

Structural analysis of information digitization on process of Dujiangyan area in Sichuan earthquake(Ms 5.0)

This paper attempts to analyze geothermy revealed by the sounding data at 8 h and 20 h every day from China Meteorological Administration and the data counted per minute such as the wellhead temperature,the electromagnetic disturbance,the ground tilt and so of water level instrument in Sanxing of Chengdu with the method of information digitization.The result shows the recognizable differentiation of the change process before and after the earthquake,provides an analytic method for the improvement of earthquake prediction or prevention,and shows the feasible further research and the wide application prospect.

Optimizing Hot Forging Process Parameters of Hollow Parts Using Tubular and Cylindrical Workpiece： Numerical Analysis and Experimental Validation

CAE （computer aided engineering） evaluates the forging process virtually to optimize the industrial production. The numerical and experimental investigations of forging process of a hollow part are important in industrial point of view. This study has been focused on the development of a 3D elastic-plastic FEM （finite element model） of hot forging to evaluate the forming process of hollow parts. The validity of this method was verified through a laboratory experiment using aluminum alloy （AA6351） with medium geometric complexity. The distributions of effective strain, temperature, metal flow and strength were analyzed for two different initial workpieces （tubular and cylindrical）. It was observed that both initial workpieces can be used to produce the final hollow part using the numerical simulation model. The results showed that the numerical analyses predict, filling cavity, calculated strength, work temperature and material flow were in agreement with the experimental results. However, some problems such as air trapping in the die causing incomplete filling could not be predicted and this problem was resolved experimentally by drilling small holes for air release in the dies.

An Improvement of MPEG-4 Rate Control Algorithm

Frame skipping in low bit video coding could significantly reduce the visual quality of reconstructed video. At the same time, if the complexity of the video sequence remains high for a long period, then driving up the long term average bit rate, the only resort of MPEG-4 Q2 rate control algorithm results in using a high quantization scale, which shows a poor visual quality of the reconstructed video. This paper analyzes the main causes of frame skipping in current MPEG-4 frame rate control scheme, and presents a new rate control algorithm based on the quadratic R-D model over a CBR channel. Key features of the present work are: 1) the bits allocated to each P-frame or B-frame are in proportion to its distance from the end of this GOP, i.e. more bits are allocated to the frames that are nearer to their reference Ⅰ-frame; 2) the target buffer level is changeable in the GOP, at the end of each GOP(five P-frames or B-frames), the target buffer level is linearly reduced from 1/2 to 1/4 of buffer size, to other frames, the target buffer level is set to 1/2 of buffer size; 3) a selective and judicious use of the reduced resolution mode, in addition to a modulation of the quantization scale parameter, is to control the average long term bit rate. Experimental results with different video sequences of varied complexity, encoded at low bit rates show better efficacy of the proposed algorithm than MPEG-4 Q2 rate control scheme, and the experimental results also show that the improved algorithm has significantly reduced the number of frame skipping, increased the overall PSNR, and improved the perceptual quality.

“信息分化”刍议

在全球社会信息化进程中,信息分化或数字分化已成为信息不平等的“数字鸿沟”,成为一种新的社会分化现象。本文论述了国内外“信息分化”的基本状况和因“信息分化”引起的全球性的社会问题,并对我国如何加强“信息分化”研究提出了建议。

Network Reliability Analysis of Digital Instrument and Control System with GO-FLOW Methodology

In this paper,the network reliability of an actual digital instrument and control system (DICS) network is analyzed by using GO-FLOW methodology (GFM).The evaluations of common-cause failure (CCF) and uncertainty are incorporated.Three significant CCF groups (real time servers,gateways,reactor protection system) and three typical time intervals (10 min,1 h,and 24 h) are selected in the analysis.It is concluded that the network contribution of CCF accounts for over 68% of the system failure probability.The result indicates that GFM is suitable for the network reliability analysis.

Simple Emission Model of Supersonic Molecular Beam

Recently some modes of supersonic molecular beam injection （SMBI）have been put forward. Among them there are electrostatic “double layer”-shielding, simple collective and optimized numerical models to explain the experiment phenomenon. The penetrated depth A and particle deposition were calculated theoretically. About 1/7 in- cident thermal electron flux was amputated and, A increased seven times. The previous simulation is not enough for the SMBI fueling mechanism research. Hence, further investigations, both in experiment and in theory should be developed. The phenomena of line emission due to supersonic molecular beam （SMB） are of particular importance.

Digital Control Design for the Boiler Drum BDT921

A boiler drum BDT921 that is installed in the Control Laboratory, Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering, Faculty of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia （UTHM） is being used as a model plant to achieve the digital control system since its analog. Implementing a digital system to boiler quite a though work. This paper covers analysis from the experiment done to match with digital design that will be implemented to the real system. The digital control design will come up with the mathematical model and will be analyzed with MATLAB and SIMULINK software named as ＂Discrete Analysis ofBDT921 Simulation＂. A proportional integral and derivative （PID） controller is being chosen as the control element in discrete form as the real system is using the same control element. The output responses behave as the second order system with a bit difference in rise times and peak times compared with data obtained from experiment. With regarding to the analysis done, the digital control can be implemented and for further viewing, to be controlled digitally with computer in the control room.