Accurate and objective rust defect assessment is required to maintain good quality steel bridge coating surfaces and make a decision whether a bridge shall completely or partially be repainted. For more objective rust...Accurate and objective rust defect assessment is required to maintain good quality steel bridge coating surfaces and make a decision whether a bridge shall completely or partially be repainted. For more objective rust defect recognition, digital image recognition methods have been developed for the past few years and they are expected to replace or complement conventional painting inspection methods. Efficient image processing methods are also essential for the successful implementation of steel bridge coating warranty contracting where the owner, usually a state agency, and the contractor inspect steel bridge coating conditions regularly and decide whether additional maintenance actions are needed based on the processed data. There are two approaches to develop automated rust defect recognition methods： applying a statistical method or an artificial intelligence technique. This paper presents the application of previously developed image processing methods for defect evaluations on a bridge coating surface and discusses their limitations under three environmental conditions which are often encountered while acquiring digital images.展开更多
Information seekers are generally on their own to discover and use a research library’s growing array of digital col- lections, and coordination of these collections’ development and maintenance is often not optimal...Information seekers are generally on their own to discover and use a research library’s growing array of digital col- lections, and coordination of these collections’ development and maintenance is often not optimal. The frequent lack of a con- scious design for how collections fit together is of equal concern because it means that research libraries are not making the most of the substantial investments they are making in digital initiatives. This paper proposes a framework for a research library’s digital collections that offers integrated discovery and a set of best practices to underpin collection building, federated access, and sus- tainability. The framework’s purpose is to give information seekers a powerful and easy way to search across existing and future collections and to retrieve integrated sets of results. The paper and its recommendations are based upon research undertaken by the author and a team of librarians and technologists at Cornell University Library. The team conducted structured interviews of forty-five library staff members involved in digital collection building at Cornell, studied an inventory of the library’s more than fifty digital collections, and evaluated seven existing Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and federated search production or prototype systems. The author will discuss her team’s research and the rationale for their recommendations to: present a cohesive view of the library’s digital collections for both browsing and searching at the object level; take a programmatic (rather than project-based) approach to digital collection building; require that all new digital collections conform to library-developed and agreed-upon OAI best practices for data providers; and implement organizational structures to sustain the library’s digital collections over the long term.展开更多
文摘Accurate and objective rust defect assessment is required to maintain good quality steel bridge coating surfaces and make a decision whether a bridge shall completely or partially be repainted. For more objective rust defect recognition, digital image recognition methods have been developed for the past few years and they are expected to replace or complement conventional painting inspection methods. Efficient image processing methods are also essential for the successful implementation of steel bridge coating warranty contracting where the owner, usually a state agency, and the contractor inspect steel bridge coating conditions regularly and decide whether additional maintenance actions are needed based on the processed data. There are two approaches to develop automated rust defect recognition methods： applying a statistical method or an artificial intelligence technique. This paper presents the application of previously developed image processing methods for defect evaluations on a bridge coating surface and discusses their limitations under three environmental conditions which are often encountered while acquiring digital images.
文摘Information seekers are generally on their own to discover and use a research library’s growing array of digital col- lections, and coordination of these collections’ development and maintenance is often not optimal. The frequent lack of a con- scious design for how collections fit together is of equal concern because it means that research libraries are not making the most of the substantial investments they are making in digital initiatives. This paper proposes a framework for a research library’s digital collections that offers integrated discovery and a set of best practices to underpin collection building, federated access, and sus- tainability. The framework’s purpose is to give information seekers a powerful and easy way to search across existing and future collections and to retrieve integrated sets of results. The paper and its recommendations are based upon research undertaken by the author and a team of librarians and technologists at Cornell University Library. The team conducted structured interviews of forty-five library staff members involved in digital collection building at Cornell, studied an inventory of the library’s more than fifty digital collections, and evaluated seven existing Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and federated search production or prototype systems. The author will discuss her team’s research and the rationale for their recommendations to: present a cohesive view of the library’s digital collections for both browsing and searching at the object level; take a programmatic (rather than project-based) approach to digital collection building; require that all new digital collections conform to library-developed and agreed-upon OAI best practices for data providers; and implement organizational structures to sustain the library’s digital collections over the long term.
