Issues specific to older migrants moving country are not yet fully understood as there are few studies on this age group. These migrants are most likely to be caught in attending to the needs of their children or thei...Issues specific to older migrants moving country are not yet fully understood as there are few studies on this age group. These migrants are most likely to be caught in attending to the needs of their children or their elderly parents, both requiring support. Over a period of two years, 35 older Polish migrants were interviewed and they told their stories of the migration experience. It was found that they had to make choices and were faced with quite difficult decisions on whether they were going to leave children or parents in Poland while they were forced into a position where they had to find work outside their own country due to age discrimination. Both men and women expressed feelings of guilt at leaving sick parents, and at not being able to afford to travel back to Poland more regularly to be with their families. Without effective cost or free digital technology, these families would not be able to sustain communication channels and relationships would break down. Consequently both the economic and emotional costs to these families and the communities in which they live could be very high.展开更多
Objective:To reevaluate whether relatively few oocytes obtained in one cycle are an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Methods:A total of 406 cycles with three or fewer retrieved oocytes performed i...Objective:To reevaluate whether relatively few oocytes obtained in one cycle are an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Methods:A total of 406 cycles with three or fewer retrieved oocytes performed in 396 non-male infertile couples were retrospectively reviewed.Cycles were classified into three groups by different fertilization techniques:the in vitro fertilization(IVF) group,insemination with conventional IVF;the ICSI group,insemination with ICSI though semen parameters were normal;and the rescue ICSI group,re-insemination with ICSI after conventional IVF failure.Results:The ICSI group resulted in higher normal fertilization compared with the conventional IVF group.Correspondingly,the cycle cancellation rate was decreased in the ICSI group,though it was not statistically significant.The clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate were lower in the ICSI group compared with the conventional IVF group.Rescue ICSI was a method to avert total fertilization failure in conventional IVF,increasing fertilization and ensuring embryo availability for transfer,but the normal fertilization was the lowest due to delayed insemination and the chance of pregnancy was very little.Conclusions:Obtaining only few oocytes in one cycle is not considered as an indication for ICSI when the sperm sample is apparently normal.Rescue ICSI is either not recommended if conventional insemination fails.Such patients should not be subjected to the unnecessary costs and potential risks of ICSI.展开更多
In this paper, a multi-group SVIR epidemic model with age of vaccination is considered. The model allows the vaccinated individuals to become susceptible after the vaccine loses its protective properties, and the vacc...In this paper, a multi-group SVIR epidemic model with age of vaccination is considered. The model allows the vaccinated individuals to become susceptible after the vaccine loses its protective properties, and the vaccination classes satisfy first-order the partial differential equations structured by vaccination age. Combining the Lyapunov functional method with a graph-theoretic approach, we show that the global stability of endemic equilibrium for the strongly connected system is determined by the basic reproduction number. In addition, the dynamics for non-strongly connected model are also investi- gated, depending on the basic reproduction numbers corresponding to each strongly connected component. Numerical simulations are carried out to support the theoretical conclusions.展开更多
文摘Issues specific to older migrants moving country are not yet fully understood as there are few studies on this age group. These migrants are most likely to be caught in attending to the needs of their children or their elderly parents, both requiring support. Over a period of two years, 35 older Polish migrants were interviewed and they told their stories of the migration experience. It was found that they had to make choices and were faced with quite difficult decisions on whether they were going to leave children or parents in Poland while they were forced into a position where they had to find work outside their own country due to age discrimination. Both men and women expressed feelings of guilt at leaving sick parents, and at not being able to afford to travel back to Poland more regularly to be with their families. Without effective cost or free digital technology, these families would not be able to sustain communication channels and relationships would break down. Consequently both the economic and emotional costs to these families and the communities in which they live could be very high.
文摘Objective:To reevaluate whether relatively few oocytes obtained in one cycle are an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Methods:A total of 406 cycles with three or fewer retrieved oocytes performed in 396 non-male infertile couples were retrospectively reviewed.Cycles were classified into three groups by different fertilization techniques:the in vitro fertilization(IVF) group,insemination with conventional IVF;the ICSI group,insemination with ICSI though semen parameters were normal;and the rescue ICSI group,re-insemination with ICSI after conventional IVF failure.Results:The ICSI group resulted in higher normal fertilization compared with the conventional IVF group.Correspondingly,the cycle cancellation rate was decreased in the ICSI group,though it was not statistically significant.The clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate were lower in the ICSI group compared with the conventional IVF group.Rescue ICSI was a method to avert total fertilization failure in conventional IVF,increasing fertilization and ensuring embryo availability for transfer,but the normal fertilization was the lowest due to delayed insemination and the chance of pregnancy was very little.Conclusions:Obtaining only few oocytes in one cycle is not considered as an indication for ICSI when the sperm sample is apparently normal.Rescue ICSI is either not recommended if conventional insemination fails.Such patients should not be subjected to the unnecessary costs and potential risks of ICSI.
基金This research was supported by grants from the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China （No. ZR2015AM018）, and Chinese NSF Grants （Nos. 11671110 and 11201097）.
文摘In this paper, a multi-group SVIR epidemic model with age of vaccination is considered. The model allows the vaccinated individuals to become susceptible after the vaccine loses its protective properties, and the vaccination classes satisfy first-order the partial differential equations structured by vaccination age. Combining the Lyapunov functional method with a graph-theoretic approach, we show that the global stability of endemic equilibrium for the strongly connected system is determined by the basic reproduction number. In addition, the dynamics for non-strongly connected model are also investi- gated, depending on the basic reproduction numbers corresponding to each strongly connected component. Numerical simulations are carried out to support the theoretical conclusions.
