随着因特网(Internet)的迅速发展和普及利用,以网络为核心的信息资源组织、开发、利用及管理受到人们普遍关注.无论是机构还是个人,高速信息网络都将成为获取信息的重要媒介和渠道.因此,研究网络信息资源的构成、分布及组织管理具有特...随着因特网(Internet)的迅速发展和普及利用,以网络为核心的信息资源组织、开发、利用及管理受到人们普遍关注.无论是机构还是个人,高速信息网络都将成为获取信息的重要媒介和渠道.因此,研究网络信息资源的构成、分布及组织管理具有特别重要的意义.一、高速信息网络及其信息资源构成高速信息网络即“全球信息基础结构”(CII:GIo-bal Information Infrastru-cture),它由全球通信基础设施和全球“信息上层建筑”构成.展开更多
AIM To investigate whether promoter methylation is re-sponsible for the silencing of formin 2 （ FMN2） in colorectal cancer （CRC） and to analyze the association between FMN2 methylation and CRC.METHODSWe frst ident...AIM To investigate whether promoter methylation is re-sponsible for the silencing of formin 2 （ FMN2） in colorectal cancer （CRC） and to analyze the association between FMN2 methylation and CRC.METHODSWe frst identifed the expression levels and methylation levels of FMN2 in large-scale human CRC expression data-sets, including GEO and TCGA, and analyzed the relation-ship between the expression and methylation levels. Then, the methylation levels in four CpG regions adjacent to the FMN2 promoter were assessed by MethylTarget？ assays in CRC cells and in paired colorectal tumor samples and adjacent nontumor tissue samples. Furthermore, we inhibited DNA methylation in CRC cells with 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine and assessed the expression of FMN2 by qRT-PCR. Last, the association between FMN2 methylation patterns and clinical indicators was analyzed.RESULTSA statistically significant downregulation of FMN2 ex-pression in large-scale human CRC expression datasets was found. Subsequent analysis showed that a high frequency of hypermethylation occurred in the FMN2 gene promoter in CRC tissues; operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that FMN2 gene methylation had a good capability for discriminating between CRC and nontumor tissue samples （AUC = 0.8432, P 〈 0.0001）. MethylTarget？ assays showed that CRC cells and tissues displayed higher methylation of these CpG regions than nontumor tissue samples. Correlation analysis showed a strong inverse correlation between methylation and FMN2 expression, and the inhibition of DNA methylation with 5-Aza significantly increased endogenous FMN2 expression. Analysis of the association between FMN2 methylation patterns and clinical indicators showed that FMN2 methylation was signifcantly associated with age, N stage, lymphovascular invasion, and pathologic tumor stage. Notably, the highest methylation of FMN2 occurred in tissues from cases of early-stage CRC, including cases with no regional lymph node metastasis （N0）, cases in stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and cases with no lymphovascular inva-sion, but the methylation level began to decrease with tumor progression. Additionally, FMN2 promoter hyper-methylation was more common in patients 〉 60 years old and in colon cancer tissue.CONCLUSIONFMN2 promoter hypermethylation may be an important early event in CRC, most likely playing a critical role in cancer initiation, and can serve as an ideal diagnostic biomarker in elderly patients with early-stage colon cancer.展开更多
Climate change is an inevitable trend,which challenges security of water resources in China,especially in cities.Assessing vulnerability of water resource to climate change in cities has important role for policy make...Climate change is an inevitable trend,which challenges security of water resources in China,especially in cities.Assessing vulnerability of water resource to climate change in cities has important role for policy makers. The paper constructs a vulnerability function,including exposure,sensitivity and adaptive capacity,according to the vulnerability concept proposed by IPCC,establishes an assessment indicators system of water resources to climate change in cities,and analyzes vulnerability features of Chinese cites based on 655 cities＇data in 2006.The vulnerability assessment results show that there are distinctive differences among all the cities,between east,central and west cities,between ordinary,big and mega cities,while there is no statistical significant difference between north and south cities.Based on the research,the paper suggests that strategic emphasis should focus on the central cities and ordinary cities展开更多
Seafloor elongated depressions are indicators of gas seepage or slope instability. Here we report a sequence of slopeparallel elongated depressions that link to headwalls of sediment slides on upper slope. The depress...Seafloor elongated depressions are indicators of gas seepage or slope instability. Here we report a sequence of slopeparallel elongated depressions that link to headwalls of sediment slides on upper slope. The depressions of about 250 m in width and several kilometers in length are areas of focused gas discharge indicated by bubble-release into the water column and methane enriched pore waters. Sparker seismic profiles running perpendicular and parallel to the coast, show gas migration pathways and trapped gas underneath these depressions with bright spots and seismic blanking. The data indicate that upward gas migration is the initial reason for fracturing sedimentary layers. In the top sediment where two young stages of landslides can be detected, the slopeparallel sediment weakening lengthens and deepens the surficial fractures, creating the elongated depressions in the seafloor supported by sediment erosion due to slope-parallel water currents.展开更多
This paper aims to explore the concept of wellbeing from an individual＇s perspective. Current indicators of wellbeing [including economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product （GDP）] are static indicators--they...This paper aims to explore the concept of wellbeing from an individual＇s perspective. Current indicators of wellbeing [including economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product （GDP）] are static indicators--they take into account issues as they are in a given period of time such as the current year. However, these indicators fail to measure the sense of wellbeing felt by an individual over a lifetime, and therefore could miss important issues of relevance when developing policy and other interventions to improve wellbeing. Various wellbeing indicators for the OK over the period of 1945-2013 are explored. These indicators are used to develop a ＂lifetime wellbeing＂ measure. The indicators are grouped and predictions of indicators into the future are made. The data show that some indicators have peaked and are now in decline. Therefore, under a certain choice of indicators and weightings, it is possible to maximise wellbeing over a person＇s lifetime meaning, there may have been an optimum year in which to be born.展开更多
Big Data has become the focus of the Internet industry. With the development of various industries becoming more sophisticated, long-term accumulation of operational data, customer data displays exponential growth tre...Big Data has become the focus of the Internet industry. With the development of various industries becoming more sophisticated, long-term accumulation of operational data, customer data displays exponential growth trend. The rapid development of financial big data both poses opportunities and challenges for financial industry and economic growth. This article explains the economic application of big data based on the perspective of economics.展开更多
The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regr...The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regression modeling of FIB （fecal indicator bacteria） concentrations at the outlet of Talbert Marsh in Orange County, California. The multivariate data modeling utilized FIB and physical variables measurements （n = 5,580） collected during a series of longitudinal study of the Talbert Marsh. For the statistical prediction modeling in predicting the FIB concentrations at the outlet of the Talbert Marsh, multivariate analysis techniques such as PCR （principal components regression）, PLS （partial least-squares） regression and SVM （support vector machine） regression were adopted. Statistical modeling results suggest that the statistical modeling predictions are all fell within the reasonable range of actual measurement data. In addition, it is indicated that the accuracy of SVM regression for predicting FIB concentrations at the Talbert Marsh outlet is better than that of other models.展开更多
文摘随着因特网(Internet)的迅速发展和普及利用,以网络为核心的信息资源组织、开发、利用及管理受到人们普遍关注.无论是机构还是个人,高速信息网络都将成为获取信息的重要媒介和渠道.因此,研究网络信息资源的构成、分布及组织管理具有特别重要的意义.一、高速信息网络及其信息资源构成高速信息网络即“全球信息基础结构”(CII:GIo-bal Information Infrastru-cture),它由全球通信基础设施和全球“信息上层建筑”构成.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81773130the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(the Key Projects of Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation of Central South University,No.2018zzts050)the New Xiangya Talent Projects of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,No.JY201508
文摘AIM To investigate whether promoter methylation is re-sponsible for the silencing of formin 2 （ FMN2） in colorectal cancer （CRC） and to analyze the association between FMN2 methylation and CRC.METHODSWe frst identifed the expression levels and methylation levels of FMN2 in large-scale human CRC expression data-sets, including GEO and TCGA, and analyzed the relation-ship between the expression and methylation levels. Then, the methylation levels in four CpG regions adjacent to the FMN2 promoter were assessed by MethylTarget？ assays in CRC cells and in paired colorectal tumor samples and adjacent nontumor tissue samples. Furthermore, we inhibited DNA methylation in CRC cells with 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine and assessed the expression of FMN2 by qRT-PCR. Last, the association between FMN2 methylation patterns and clinical indicators was analyzed.RESULTSA statistically significant downregulation of FMN2 ex-pression in large-scale human CRC expression datasets was found. Subsequent analysis showed that a high frequency of hypermethylation occurred in the FMN2 gene promoter in CRC tissues; operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that FMN2 gene methylation had a good capability for discriminating between CRC and nontumor tissue samples （AUC = 0.8432, P 〈 0.0001）. MethylTarget？ assays showed that CRC cells and tissues displayed higher methylation of these CpG regions than nontumor tissue samples. Correlation analysis showed a strong inverse correlation between methylation and FMN2 expression, and the inhibition of DNA methylation with 5-Aza significantly increased endogenous FMN2 expression. Analysis of the association between FMN2 methylation patterns and clinical indicators showed that FMN2 methylation was signifcantly associated with age, N stage, lymphovascular invasion, and pathologic tumor stage. Notably, the highest methylation of FMN2 occurred in tissues from cases of early-stage CRC, including cases with no regional lymph node metastasis （N0）, cases in stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and cases with no lymphovascular inva-sion, but the methylation level began to decrease with tumor progression. Additionally, FMN2 promoter hyper-methylation was more common in patients 〉 60 years old and in colon cancer tissue.CONCLUSIONFMN2 promoter hypermethylation may be an important early event in CRC, most likely playing a critical role in cancer initiation, and can serve as an ideal diagnostic biomarker in elderly patients with early-stage colon cancer.
基金a part of research result of the CLIMA Project,supported by the European Union AsiaLink Programme
文摘Climate change is an inevitable trend,which challenges security of water resources in China,especially in cities.Assessing vulnerability of water resource to climate change in cities has important role for policy makers. The paper constructs a vulnerability function,including exposure,sensitivity and adaptive capacity,according to the vulnerability concept proposed by IPCC,establishes an assessment indicators system of water resources to climate change in cities,and analyzes vulnerability features of Chinese cites based on 655 cities＇data in 2006.The vulnerability assessment results show that there are distinctive differences among all the cities,between east,central and west cities,between ordinary,big and mega cities,while there is no statistical significant difference between north and south cities.Based on the research,the paper suggests that strategic emphasis should focus on the central cities and ordinary cities
基金funded by the European project EUROFLEETS (Seventh Framework Programme, No. 228344)
文摘Seafloor elongated depressions are indicators of gas seepage or slope instability. Here we report a sequence of slopeparallel elongated depressions that link to headwalls of sediment slides on upper slope. The depressions of about 250 m in width and several kilometers in length are areas of focused gas discharge indicated by bubble-release into the water column and methane enriched pore waters. Sparker seismic profiles running perpendicular and parallel to the coast, show gas migration pathways and trapped gas underneath these depressions with bright spots and seismic blanking. The data indicate that upward gas migration is the initial reason for fracturing sedimentary layers. In the top sediment where two young stages of landslides can be detected, the slopeparallel sediment weakening lengthens and deepens the surficial fractures, creating the elongated depressions in the seafloor supported by sediment erosion due to slope-parallel water currents.
文摘This paper aims to explore the concept of wellbeing from an individual＇s perspective. Current indicators of wellbeing [including economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product （GDP）] are static indicators--they take into account issues as they are in a given period of time such as the current year. However, these indicators fail to measure the sense of wellbeing felt by an individual over a lifetime, and therefore could miss important issues of relevance when developing policy and other interventions to improve wellbeing. Various wellbeing indicators for the OK over the period of 1945-2013 are explored. These indicators are used to develop a ＂lifetime wellbeing＂ measure. The indicators are grouped and predictions of indicators into the future are made. The data show that some indicators have peaked and are now in decline. Therefore, under a certain choice of indicators and weightings, it is possible to maximise wellbeing over a person＇s lifetime meaning, there may have been an optimum year in which to be born.
文摘Big Data has become the focus of the Internet industry. With the development of various industries becoming more sophisticated, long-term accumulation of operational data, customer data displays exponential growth trend. The rapid development of financial big data both poses opportunities and challenges for financial industry and economic growth. This article explains the economic application of big data based on the perspective of economics.
文摘The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regression modeling of FIB （fecal indicator bacteria） concentrations at the outlet of Talbert Marsh in Orange County, California. The multivariate data modeling utilized FIB and physical variables measurements （n = 5,580） collected during a series of longitudinal study of the Talbert Marsh. For the statistical prediction modeling in predicting the FIB concentrations at the outlet of the Talbert Marsh, multivariate analysis techniques such as PCR （principal components regression）, PLS （partial least-squares） regression and SVM （support vector machine） regression were adopted. Statistical modeling results suggest that the statistical modeling predictions are all fell within the reasonable range of actual measurement data. In addition, it is indicated that the accuracy of SVM regression for predicting FIB concentrations at the Talbert Marsh outlet is better than that of other models.
