社会枢纽对整体网(络)创新抗拒的影响研究

新产品扩散客观上隐藏着巨大风险,而消费者创新抗拒是导致新产品扩散风险的重要因素之一。本文运用实证研究法对社会网络中的关键角色——社会枢纽及其对整体网络创新抗拒的影响进行了研究,揭示了社会枢纽与整体网络创新抗拒之间的关系效应。研究结果表明,社会枢纽的威望、创新抗拒程度对整体网的创新抗拒程度和抗拒进程均有正向影响,社会枢纽的点度中心度对整体网的创新抗拒进程有显著的正向影响,并且相较于点入度而言,点出度的影响更为显著。

Parallel Implementation of Global Illumination Using PVM

In this paper an attempt of employing network resources to solve a complex and time-consuming problem is presented. The global illumination problem is selected as the study objective. An improved density estimation algorithm is first developed, in which the more inherent concurrency is explored. Then its parallel implementation by using a PVM mechanism and the running performance analysis are provided. The analysis results show the expected speed-up obtained and demonstrate that the PVM has good application prospects for parallel computation in a distributed network.

Time series ground subsidence inversion in mining area based on CRInSAR and PSInSAR integration

The subsidence of the mining area was monitored by analyzing the phase of permanent scatters （PS） which maintained high coherence in magnitude of SAR images.A hew method of spatial unwrapping was presented which used the subsidence rates calculated on comer reflector （CR） points as constraints for PS network to perform the spatial unwrapping using the parametric adjustment method.The algorithm achieved the integration of CR data and PSInSAR algorithm.The colliery dense distributed area around Baisha reservoir was chosen as the study area in the experiment.The time series of subsidence from February in 2007 to February in 2010 is successfully inversed by using the periodic function to simulate the linear and nonlinear components of the deformation.The simulation results show that the accuracy can be ± 2.1 mm with the leveling data being used as the external validation data.

Examples of Cable-Bar Modular Structures Based on the Class-Theta Tensegrity Systems

The relationship between forms and forces is one of the main topics of structural morphology. This harmonious coexisting link is very strong for systems in tensegrity state, commonly called ＂tensegrity systems＂. It is currently apparent that, among the tensegrity systems, there also exist cable-bar cells with a discontinuous network of cables. It is possible to design a separate set of cables inside the cable-bar elementary cell and to establish a self-stress state of equilibrium. In this connection, the author of this paper suggested to assume a new Class-Theta tensegrity systems. Each of the basic tensegrity systems termed Class-Theta possesses an external and internal set of tension components. The shape of Greek capital letter 69 （Theta） reflects two sets of such components （two sets of tendons, cables, etc.）. This notation corresponds to Skelton＇s Class-k tensegrity structure. As shown in this paper, the Class-Theta tensegrity cell can exemplify a geometrically and practically useful form for the lightweight and long-span modular structures, mainly but not only in view of civil engineering and architecture.

New mode of universal access and Global Memory Net

In this digital era, we have witness the exciting convergence of content, technology, and global collaboration in the development of digital libraries. The mode of universal access for information seeking and knowledge acquisition differs greatly fi＇om the traditional ways. From the information resources point of views, the old model of“owning” a collection has given way to “sharing,” and the new emphases have shifted fi＇om possessing large “physical libraries” to “virtual libraries” digitally distributed all over the world. “Universal access” has taken on a very different meaning when one has the ability to share invaluable resources through the use of cutting edge technologies. The author has experienced much of these transformations through her own R＆D activities-from the creation of interactive videodisc and multimedia CD on the First Emperor of China＇s terracotta warriors and horses in the 1980s and 1990s to leading a current international digital library project, Global Memory Net （GMNet）, supported by the US National Science Foundation. In presenting her vision for linking world digital resources together for universal access, she will share with the audience the latest development of Global Memory Net.

Pairwise interactions in gene expression determine a hierarchical transcriptional profile in the human brain

The orchestrated expression of thousands of genes gives rise to the complexity of the human brain.However,the structures governing these myriad gene-gene interactions remain unclear.By analyzing transcription data from more than 2000 sites in six human brains,we found that pairwise interactions between genes,without considering any higher-order interactions,are sufficient to predict the transcriptional pattern of the genome for individual brain regions and the transcriptional profile of the entire brain consisting of more than 200 areas.These findings suggest a quadratic complexity of transcriptional patterns in the human brain,which is much simpler than expected.In addition,using a pairwise interaction model,we revealed that the strength of gene-gene interactions in the human brain gives rise to the nearly maximal number of transcriptional clusters,which may account for the functional and structural richness of the brain.

Scaling dictates the decoder structure

Despite fluctuations in embryo size within a species,the spatial gene expression pattern and hence the embryonic structure can nonetheless maintain the correct proportion to the embryo size.This is known as the scaling phenomenon.For morphogen-induced patterning of gene expression,the positional information encoded in the local morphogen concentrations is decoded by the downstream genetic network(the decoder).In this paper,we show that the requirement of scaling sets severe constraints on the geometric structure of such a local decoder,which in turn enables deduction of mutants’behavior and extraction of regulation information without going into any molecular details.We demonstrate that the Drosophila gap gene system achieves scaling in the way consistent with our theory—the decoder geometry required by scaling correctly accounts for the observed gap gene expression pattern in nearly all maternal morphogen mutants.Furthermore,the regulation logic and the coding/decoding strategy of the gap gene system can also be revealed from the decoder geometry.Our work provides a general theoretical framework for a large class of problems where scaling output is achieved by non-scaling inputs and a local decoder,as well as a unified understanding of scaling,mutants’behavior,and gene regulation for the Drosophila gap gene system.