诗礼相酬:唐人诗化社交方式与唐诗通俗化机制

诗歌交际是文人交往的一种重要手段,礼物馈赠也是人际交往的重要形式,它们都属于礼的范畴,是致礼、成礼的媒介。从《诗经》《楚辞》的诗篇可以发现,在赋诗相赠的同时,往往具有赠物传情的因素,展露出诗与物融合的端倪。至东汉文人诗的出现,开始形成赠物附诗、以诗酬赠的创作现象。入唐之后,由此发展出以赠物附诗、以诗酬赠、诗礼互赠、以诗索赠为主要类型的诗礼相酬模式,既展示了文人社交的丰富与多元,也为诗歌创作乃至唱和之风提供了有力动机。更重要的是,诗礼相酬行为通于世俗之事、人、情、物、语,因此具有强化诗歌创作通俗化的内在作用,经李白、杜甫、张籍、姚合、元稹、白居易、韩愈、皮日休、陆龟蒙等人的积极参与后,成为强化中唐通俗诗风的一个内在机制,也是宋诗俗化的关捩。

北宋“文人画”的兴起及其传播机制研究

“文人画”是宋代视觉文化的重要组成部分,关于其兴起,过往研究主要从宏观和微观两个路径切入。前者强调时代背景的转向,后者强调文人群体的自发意识。但是在这两种研究路径之间,欠缺了有效的中间环节论证,所以许多关于“文人画”兴起的解释在偶然与必然之间模棱两可。本文结合历史学和社会学的方法,试图挖掘结构性因素,勾勒出各类行动者的参与方式,将文化生活的兴起、城市化、文人网络的聚集以及新绘画风格的形成相联系起来,补充中间论证环节,建立起整体性叙事,以期完善对北宋“文人画”兴起的解释。

画家与文人的翰墨情怀

扇面是中国传统的文人艺术的重要形制,尤其兴盛于明清之际.扇面作为传统文人艺术载体的一部分,在一定程度上也反映了当时社会文化的交往,这其中有文人之间的“以文会友”,也有职业画家与文人之间的社交性艺术.本文将以山西省介休市博物馆收藏的《名家绘筵联珠》书画册页出发,梳理其中的内容,并探讨其中所反映的明末至清中期文人社会的社会交往与自我价值的强调.

从文人画探析古代文人的生活

文章从文人画入手,分析与文人画相关的作者、诗人、诗词、社会思想,从中分析古代文人的生活、思想、社交、礼仪、经济以及社会合作关系。

论昆曲苏州派的形成

苏州派是指明末清初之际,以李玉为首,朱素臣、叶时章等一批剧作家集结在江南吴县地区,逐渐形成了具有同一风格特征的戏曲流派。苏州派的剧作家大多是社会底层的布衣文人,他们往来密切,模仿明末江南文人结社的风气,时常以曲会友。当时苏州的城市经济繁荣,又是昆山腔的发祥地,戏曲活动十分盛行。这在一定程度上促进了苏州派剧作的繁荣。本文从昆曲音乐、昆剧文学和文人社交三个角度来分析苏州派的由来。

Nonverbal Communication and Cultural Foundation in Intercultural Communication

In today＇ s era of globalization, intercultural communication has become an important subject. Space is an aspect of crosscultural communication Nonverbal communication, it implies the psychological boundaries of human communication, conducting this study helps to understand different cultures, and reduces cultural conflict. Culture reflects the characteristics of a nation, guiding people behavior in concept of society. With globalization developing, people are eager to interact with people from different cultural backgrounds, so cross-cultural communication society today is one of the most fashionable terms. The differences between cultures tend to give unexpected difficulties caused by differences.

A Qualitative Analysis of How and Why People Use SNSs： A Cross-cultural Comparison of Korea and the U.S.

While participation in Social Network Sites （SNSs） has grown rapidly in recent years and is a highly popular and global phenomenon, only few research examined how the different cultural values and attitudes impact the way people adopt and use this new media platform. Employing qualitative approach, this study attempts to uncover the cross-cultural differences in motivations and behavioral patterns for using SNSs among the Korean and American users. The finding of this study shows the explicit differences in the motivations and strategies for using SNSs between Korean and American users, which is supported by the independent and interdependent self-construals theory proposed by Markus and Kitayama （1991）. The motivational themes and usage patterns emerged from Korean participants are more other- or relationship-focused, pursuing social/emotional support, while those of Americans are more ego- or self-focused, pertaining to entertainment or information seeking.

论清代的怀人组诗

怀人组诗是古代“怀人诗”的一种特殊类型。与一般怀人诗相较,它具备每人一诗,每诗必标注所怀之人等基本的体制特性,同时以议论、叙事作为主要的表达方式。怀人组诗崛起于清代,以多种方式介入到文人的社交活动当中。它参与师友的酬唱和,充当自荐与他荐的工具,更重要的是,怀人组诗内在建构着一个以作者为中心的社交网络,它对所怀人物的选取、排序、书写,无一不涉及清代文人间的微妙情感与复杂关系。以此基本功能为前提,怀人组诗成为一种独具价值的文学史料。其具体写作中的当代批评和历史细节的呈现,亦蕴藏了丰富的文学史信息。对怀人组诗的解读,有利于拓宽清代文学史料的范围和视野。

Progress of research on transportation geography in China

As an important branch of human geography, transportation geography has experienced three periods of evolution: foundation, systematization, and rapid development of the discipline. It has gradually become a relatively mature discipline. During the period 1930– 1980, the development of transportation geography consisted mainly of the publication of theoretical texts. During 1980–2000, it gradually became a systematic discipline. Since the start of the 21 st century, transportation geography has focused mainly on exploring the impacts of transportation on socio-economic development. Currently, studies on transportation geography have led to significant developments in a number of areas, including transportation theory, facility distribution and planning, transportation flows and network analysis, evaluation of transport modes, transportation planning, and simulation and assessment of urban transportation. Such studies have also enriched human geography research, provided a wider geographical overview and elucidated the development mechanism of transportation, as well as helped to understand the impacts of transport development on socio-economic systems. Some findings obtained by geographers have been widely used in transportation geography and related fields, including the four basic laws of transportation generation, the hub–spoke mode of transport organization, the subordinating and guiding functions of transportation on socio-economic development, regional transport dominance measures, accessibility measures, and spatial organization of port systems.