Wroclaw is mostly known for being a university town. In addition, the city is known in Poland for its sports history--basketball and football-and for many cultural events such as the Review of Stage Songs or African C...Wroclaw is mostly known for being a university town. In addition, the city is known in Poland for its sports history--basketball and football-and for many cultural events such as the Review of Stage Songs or African Culture Brave Festival. Because of the fact that Wroclaw is one of the largest and most important cities in Poland, it quickly becomes a subject of interest in new media, including the Internet, which becomes a field for community projects. This gives a tremendous opportunity to Wroclaw's youth who can participate in the life of Wroclaw, as well as by volunteering learn the basics of journalism and pursue their passions in an active and creative way. In perspective of those fact, the main aim of the planned paper is to describe evolution process of possibilities which Internet media gives to young people who would like to be a journalist. It is also a trial of analysis on how citizen journalism destroyed media voluntary youth work in Wroclaw, where in fact real citizen journalism was started by young people. What is more, paper's goal is to present methods of urban space documentation created by teenage journalists to show multicultural spectrum of Wroclaw.展开更多
The following article is about the historical overview of the Persian literature and the emergence and development of the short story as a literary genre and its prominent role in the modem literature of Iran. It disc...The following article is about the historical overview of the Persian literature and the emergence and development of the short story as a literary genre and its prominent role in the modem literature of Iran. It discusses the origin of the short story in general and preconditions for the popularity of the new genre the Iranian literature of the 20th century, and also about the first successful collection of short stories that introduced it to the public. Also the development process of the short story and principle factors in every stage of its emergence as an independent genre of prose, as well as the thematic range are the main aspects among others to be analyzed in the article. It is historically documented that the Islamic state was established in 1979 after the fall of the Shah. And the very event had big impact not only on the social and political life of the country, but also on the cultural and literary life of the Iranians of the time. The significance of the revolution was such that it divided the literature to be known as the "pre-revolution" and "post-revolution" periods. Therefore this article is aimed to observe how this historic event had influenced the short story in particular and the distinct features of the works created during the two periods. The next period which stands out in the development of the short story is during the late 90s and the beginning of the 2000, where the genre experienced aesthetic innovations and experiments with new forms and styles. The distinct feature of the period is mainly in its topics it deals, among other the effects of the globalization and popular culture brought forth, isolated individual, urbanization, climate change and its destructive outcome and the social conflicts resulting from them. Such global issues caused the established writers to look out of their borders and open up to the concerns of the planet, and by doing so establishing new schools of thought and style among the writers of short story in modem Iranian literature. Finally the article will overview the role of the Iranian contemporary female short story writers, children's literature and the works of the immigrant Iranian authors that continue the traditions of the Persian literature outside Irma.展开更多
Juvenile silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus, was grown in culture tanks for 9 weeks on four different diets, and their effects on fish growth, digestive enzyme activity, and body composition were assessed. The feeding r...Juvenile silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus, was grown in culture tanks for 9 weeks on four different diets, and their effects on fish growth, digestive enzyme activity, and body composition were assessed. The feeding regime was as follows: Diet 1: fish meat; Diet 2: fish meat+artificial feed; Diet 3: fish meat+artificial feed+Agamaki clam meat; Diet 4: fish meat+artificial feed+Agamaki clam+copepods. The greatest weight gain was associated with Diet 4, while the lowest weight gain was associated with Diet 1. No significant difference was observed in weight gain between fish receiving Diet 2 and Diet 3. Specific growth rate followed similar trends as weight gain. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed Diet 1 was significantly higher than the other fish groups, but no significant differences were observed in FCRs of fish fed Diet 2, Diet 3 or Diet 4. There was also no significant difference in the hepatosomatic index (HSI) between the four diets. For fish that received Diets 2-4, containing artificial feed, higher protease activities were detected. A higher lipid content of the experimental diets also significantly increased lipase activities and body lipid content. No significant differences in amylase activity or body protein content were found between Diets 1-4. In conclusion, a variety of food components, including copepods and artificial feed, in the diet of silver pomfret significantly increased digestive enzyme activity and could improve growth performance.展开更多
Consumption is an active process that engages the social world for individuals to make use of certain products. For many, the living room is the locus of product use, social activities, cultural values, and the person...Consumption is an active process that engages the social world for individuals to make use of certain products. For many, the living room is the locus of product use, social activities, cultural values, and the personal narrative of the people who live in it. Consumers engage with their furniture in order for it to function effectively for them: It is thus used to furnish both the home and the self as well. Creating a certain living space with a particular use of furniture and interior decoration is the precise way in which the resident forms its arrangements, and builds a relationship with the surrounding objects in that living space. This activity, I argue, positions the residents in the process of presenting their personality characteristics and cultural identity. The Ethnographic approach is most appropriate methodology for research into such a personal area: the living room within the domestic environment. The topic of this research falls between different fields of studies including consumerism and media. This research reviews the influence of advertising in magazines and furniture shops on the meaning of living space design and how that encourages higher levels of consumption.展开更多
This paper argues that ritual is not only restricted to religious activities, but can also be ethological, sociological, and ecological in nature. The artistic, stylistic, and functional characteristics of one particu...This paper argues that ritual is not only restricted to religious activities, but can also be ethological, sociological, and ecological in nature. The artistic, stylistic, and functional characteristics of one particular festival of the Bamana in Mali to celebrate the harvest and new planting season will be analyzed. This festival primarily takes on the form of animal masquerades in which masks, puppets, drumming, singing, and dancing are blended into a ritualistic celebration of a certain cultural identity. The Bamana culture has lost religion as a marker, as Islam is now the dominant religion in Mali, but traditional social relationships and morals among the Bamana as a patriarchal society are concretized and objectified by their animal masquerades. Apart from being a seasonal festival, events from the past are commemorated; customary gender roles are defined; and some fundamental and complex social concepts are reinforced by a performance mode which relies on a collective memory and oral transmission.展开更多
This paper discusses the question of the teaching of culture in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) class. With the open door policy, an increasing number of people in China are learning English or some other lan...This paper discusses the question of the teaching of culture in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) class. With the open door policy, an increasing number of people in China are learning English or some other language for various purposes. However, they often experience the frustration of failure in communication with foreigners which can sour relationships or business due to their ignorance of the target culture associated with the language they are learning or have learned. Therefore, teaching culture in foreign language classes and learning a second culture while learning a second language have become new slogans, or to be exact, new tasks in the field of English language teaching in China. But how to teach and what to teach remain problematic. The author holds that "central code" of a culture, i.e., people's way of life should be the focus in EFL teaching. Then choosing appropriate and authentic material containing aspects of culture is of great importance. Greater importance should be attached to mass media and multimedia materials and approaches. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cultural behaviour or belief of EFL teachers so as to make more effective teaching展开更多
A total of 15 pools were selected from a greenhouse, and they were randomly and evenly divided into three groups.In each group, one stocking density of Eriocheir sinensis was arranged. The results showed that after 45...A total of 15 pools were selected from a greenhouse, and they were randomly and evenly divided into three groups.In each group, one stocking density of Eriocheir sinensis was arranged. The results showed that after 45-d culture, the crab number per kilogram reached about 300 with survival rate of about 20%; the initial stocking density had significantly effect on the body size of E. sinensis on sell, instead on the survival rate of E. sinensis larvae. Therefore, it is feasible to conduct the culture of E. sinensis larvae in a pool in greenhouse.展开更多
The international movement of workers and the inflow/outflow of immigrants are increasing, the term immigrant communities which country in the world is more familiar. Also, the country that accumulated a history of im...The international movement of workers and the inflow/outflow of immigrants are increasing, the term immigrant communities which country in the world is more familiar. Also, the country that accumulated a history of immigration over decades have been promoted while continuously changing the integration policies for immigrants. The immigration into home country such as the married immigrant women, etc. is constantly increasing in South Korea that had a homogeneous culture. While, it is continued to the overseas movement of young people looking for opportunities in foreign rather than domestic. In South Korea, the multi-cultural families are increasing together with the immigration of foreign workers, the marriage immigrants, etc. in accordance with the globalization of capital and labor, and the multi-cultural society is being formed in accordance with the influx of alien culture and various religious. In this paper, it explored the trends and the future outlook for the multi-cultural workforce in these dimensions. Also, in a multi-cultural society, it suggested the implications and the future assignments for the new changes in the education & training and the employment in order to improve the quality of life and to use as the production entities of multi-cultural workforce.展开更多
With the arrival ofthe era from the media, the internet spread over all sectors ofsocicty, affect people's political, economic and cultural life. The network has become the main place, people express their views so a...With the arrival ofthe era from the media, the internet spread over all sectors ofsocicty, affect people's political, economic and cultural life. The network has become the main place, people express their views so also. And the popularity of media enables consumers to easily express their products, services and other aspects of the topic, spread on the network at breakneck speed, and other users of the attention and support, thus forming a kind of public opinion, influence The development of enterprises, which will undoubtedly bring unprecedented pressure, constant attention, coupled with people's comments, forwarding, dissemination media, making the crisis spread, enterprises should not reasonable, effective, will enable enterprises to establish a sense of trust collapsed, brought a negative impact to the enterprise.展开更多
As one of the first and most original creations of literary postmodernism, published in the year 1961, Catch-22's (1961) position in American literature remains secure. Yet its ending has been held as unconvincing ...As one of the first and most original creations of literary postmodernism, published in the year 1961, Catch-22's (1961) position in American literature remains secure. Yet its ending has been held as unconvincing ever since its publication. Taking the overall structure, tone, and the theme of the novel into consideration, this paper aims to prove the credibility of this controversial part. It consists of five sections apart from an introduction and a conclusion. Section One provides general information on the life and works of Joseph Heller. Section Two traces the impact of existentialism and the generation of black humor to clarify the literary position of Catch-22. Section Three brings out the disputative opinions on the ending part. Sections Four and Five, try to prove Yossarian's final desertion a natural and convincing ending from different perspectives: Section Four analyses how Yossarian gains an entropic vision of the cosmos; section Five studies his existential vision of physical life and searches for the immediate factors that propel Yossarian's desertion. Section five also explains the ending's change in tone and structure. The conclusion summarizes the paper and points out the social significance of the novel.展开更多
This paper tries to discuss everyday life and its relation to urban experiences in different aspects of Taipei City in Human Condition, performed by Greenray Theatre in Taiwan since 2001. The serial play, including si...This paper tries to discuss everyday life and its relation to urban experiences in different aspects of Taipei City in Human Condition, performed by Greenray Theatre in Taiwan since 2001. The serial play, including six parts,1 displays the life of ordinary people, primarily the middle and labor classes. Historically, Human Condition tells about Taiwan Residents' life from the period of Japanese occupation in Taiwan to the present day. The public's everyday life and their cultural activities are delicately represented on the stage. Human Condition especially focuses on people living in Taipei city, the capital and most populated place of the country. In different historical periods and political atmospheres, the characters' economic and social activities, nostalgic feelings about the past, passions for love and friendship, and awakening of fighting for humanity and freedom construct their social positions as well as establish different aspects of Taipei. We can see the transformation of the city by means of people's social relationships and economic activities. Drawing on Henri Lefebvre's concept of everyday life as rhythmic movement and spatial practice in the process of urbanization, this paper aims at studying the characters' social practice that defines their position and formation of identity within place. Human Condition unravels the characters' connection and disconnection from place in each period of Taiwan's historical and political conditions. The life in Taipei differs from each historical, economic, and political system that defines people's attitudes and perspectives toward this land. The characters within every historical background and political system tell us what Taipei represents and symbolizes to people. The transition of Taipei produces impacts on people that endow them with different personalities and perspectives toward life. As globalization invades into this city, the definition of human in city life has to be reconsidered. As a place of encounter, accumulation of cultural hybridity in Taipei formulates multiple dispositions and social structures. By analyzing the characters represented in every historical period of Taipei, this article interrogates to what extent of "in-place" or "out-of-place" of the characters is interpreted in this space and, in the progress of urbanized development of Taipei, what the value is to affect and connect people's relationships.展开更多
文摘Wroclaw is mostly known for being a university town. In addition, the city is known in Poland for its sports history--basketball and football-and for many cultural events such as the Review of Stage Songs or African Culture Brave Festival. Because of the fact that Wroclaw is one of the largest and most important cities in Poland, it quickly becomes a subject of interest in new media, including the Internet, which becomes a field for community projects. This gives a tremendous opportunity to Wroclaw's youth who can participate in the life of Wroclaw, as well as by volunteering learn the basics of journalism and pursue their passions in an active and creative way. In perspective of those fact, the main aim of the planned paper is to describe evolution process of possibilities which Internet media gives to young people who would like to be a journalist. It is also a trial of analysis on how citizen journalism destroyed media voluntary youth work in Wroclaw, where in fact real citizen journalism was started by young people. What is more, paper's goal is to present methods of urban space documentation created by teenage journalists to show multicultural spectrum of Wroclaw.
文摘The following article is about the historical overview of the Persian literature and the emergence and development of the short story as a literary genre and its prominent role in the modem literature of Iran. It discusses the origin of the short story in general and preconditions for the popularity of the new genre the Iranian literature of the 20th century, and also about the first successful collection of short stories that introduced it to the public. Also the development process of the short story and principle factors in every stage of its emergence as an independent genre of prose, as well as the thematic range are the main aspects among others to be analyzed in the article. It is historically documented that the Islamic state was established in 1979 after the fall of the Shah. And the very event had big impact not only on the social and political life of the country, but also on the cultural and literary life of the Iranians of the time. The significance of the revolution was such that it divided the literature to be known as the "pre-revolution" and "post-revolution" periods. Therefore this article is aimed to observe how this historic event had influenced the short story in particular and the distinct features of the works created during the two periods. The next period which stands out in the development of the short story is during the late 90s and the beginning of the 2000, where the genre experienced aesthetic innovations and experiments with new forms and styles. The distinct feature of the period is mainly in its topics it deals, among other the effects of the globalization and popular culture brought forth, isolated individual, urbanization, climate change and its destructive outcome and the social conflicts resulting from them. Such global issues caused the established writers to look out of their borders and open up to the concerns of the planet, and by doing so establishing new schools of thought and style among the writers of short story in modem Iranian literature. Finally the article will overview the role of the Iranian contemporary female short story writers, children's literature and the works of the immigrant Iranian authors that continue the traditions of the Persian literature outside Irma.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period(No.2011BAD13B01)the Central Nonprofit Basic Scientific Research Project for the Scientific Research Institutes of China(No.East-2011M09)the Research Project Commissioned by the Shanghai Agricultural Commission(No.2007-4-1)
文摘Juvenile silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus, was grown in culture tanks for 9 weeks on four different diets, and their effects on fish growth, digestive enzyme activity, and body composition were assessed. The feeding regime was as follows: Diet 1: fish meat; Diet 2: fish meat+artificial feed; Diet 3: fish meat+artificial feed+Agamaki clam meat; Diet 4: fish meat+artificial feed+Agamaki clam+copepods. The greatest weight gain was associated with Diet 4, while the lowest weight gain was associated with Diet 1. No significant difference was observed in weight gain between fish receiving Diet 2 and Diet 3. Specific growth rate followed similar trends as weight gain. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed Diet 1 was significantly higher than the other fish groups, but no significant differences were observed in FCRs of fish fed Diet 2, Diet 3 or Diet 4. There was also no significant difference in the hepatosomatic index (HSI) between the four diets. For fish that received Diets 2-4, containing artificial feed, higher protease activities were detected. A higher lipid content of the experimental diets also significantly increased lipase activities and body lipid content. No significant differences in amylase activity or body protein content were found between Diets 1-4. In conclusion, a variety of food components, including copepods and artificial feed, in the diet of silver pomfret significantly increased digestive enzyme activity and could improve growth performance.
文摘Consumption is an active process that engages the social world for individuals to make use of certain products. For many, the living room is the locus of product use, social activities, cultural values, and the personal narrative of the people who live in it. Consumers engage with their furniture in order for it to function effectively for them: It is thus used to furnish both the home and the self as well. Creating a certain living space with a particular use of furniture and interior decoration is the precise way in which the resident forms its arrangements, and builds a relationship with the surrounding objects in that living space. This activity, I argue, positions the residents in the process of presenting their personality characteristics and cultural identity. The Ethnographic approach is most appropriate methodology for research into such a personal area: the living room within the domestic environment. The topic of this research falls between different fields of studies including consumerism and media. This research reviews the influence of advertising in magazines and furniture shops on the meaning of living space design and how that encourages higher levels of consumption.
文摘This paper argues that ritual is not only restricted to religious activities, but can also be ethological, sociological, and ecological in nature. The artistic, stylistic, and functional characteristics of one particular festival of the Bamana in Mali to celebrate the harvest and new planting season will be analyzed. This festival primarily takes on the form of animal masquerades in which masks, puppets, drumming, singing, and dancing are blended into a ritualistic celebration of a certain cultural identity. The Bamana culture has lost religion as a marker, as Islam is now the dominant religion in Mali, but traditional social relationships and morals among the Bamana as a patriarchal society are concretized and objectified by their animal masquerades. Apart from being a seasonal festival, events from the past are commemorated; customary gender roles are defined; and some fundamental and complex social concepts are reinforced by a performance mode which relies on a collective memory and oral transmission.
文摘This paper discusses the question of the teaching of culture in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) class. With the open door policy, an increasing number of people in China are learning English or some other language for various purposes. However, they often experience the frustration of failure in communication with foreigners which can sour relationships or business due to their ignorance of the target culture associated with the language they are learning or have learned. Therefore, teaching culture in foreign language classes and learning a second culture while learning a second language have become new slogans, or to be exact, new tasks in the field of English language teaching in China. But how to teach and what to teach remain problematic. The author holds that "central code" of a culture, i.e., people's way of life should be the focus in EFL teaching. Then choosing appropriate and authentic material containing aspects of culture is of great importance. Greater importance should be attached to mass media and multimedia materials and approaches. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cultural behaviour or belief of EFL teachers so as to make more effective teaching
基金Supported by Fund for Hubei Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System
文摘A total of 15 pools were selected from a greenhouse, and they were randomly and evenly divided into three groups.In each group, one stocking density of Eriocheir sinensis was arranged. The results showed that after 45-d culture, the crab number per kilogram reached about 300 with survival rate of about 20%; the initial stocking density had significantly effect on the body size of E. sinensis on sell, instead on the survival rate of E. sinensis larvae. Therefore, it is feasible to conduct the culture of E. sinensis larvae in a pool in greenhouse.
文摘The international movement of workers and the inflow/outflow of immigrants are increasing, the term immigrant communities which country in the world is more familiar. Also, the country that accumulated a history of immigration over decades have been promoted while continuously changing the integration policies for immigrants. The immigration into home country such as the married immigrant women, etc. is constantly increasing in South Korea that had a homogeneous culture. While, it is continued to the overseas movement of young people looking for opportunities in foreign rather than domestic. In South Korea, the multi-cultural families are increasing together with the immigration of foreign workers, the marriage immigrants, etc. in accordance with the globalization of capital and labor, and the multi-cultural society is being formed in accordance with the influx of alien culture and various religious. In this paper, it explored the trends and the future outlook for the multi-cultural workforce in these dimensions. Also, in a multi-cultural society, it suggested the implications and the future assignments for the new changes in the education & training and the employment in order to improve the quality of life and to use as the production entities of multi-cultural workforce.
文摘With the arrival ofthe era from the media, the internet spread over all sectors ofsocicty, affect people's political, economic and cultural life. The network has become the main place, people express their views so also. And the popularity of media enables consumers to easily express their products, services and other aspects of the topic, spread on the network at breakneck speed, and other users of the attention and support, thus forming a kind of public opinion, influence The development of enterprises, which will undoubtedly bring unprecedented pressure, constant attention, coupled with people's comments, forwarding, dissemination media, making the crisis spread, enterprises should not reasonable, effective, will enable enterprises to establish a sense of trust collapsed, brought a negative impact to the enterprise.
文摘As one of the first and most original creations of literary postmodernism, published in the year 1961, Catch-22's (1961) position in American literature remains secure. Yet its ending has been held as unconvincing ever since its publication. Taking the overall structure, tone, and the theme of the novel into consideration, this paper aims to prove the credibility of this controversial part. It consists of five sections apart from an introduction and a conclusion. Section One provides general information on the life and works of Joseph Heller. Section Two traces the impact of existentialism and the generation of black humor to clarify the literary position of Catch-22. Section Three brings out the disputative opinions on the ending part. Sections Four and Five, try to prove Yossarian's final desertion a natural and convincing ending from different perspectives: Section Four analyses how Yossarian gains an entropic vision of the cosmos; section Five studies his existential vision of physical life and searches for the immediate factors that propel Yossarian's desertion. Section five also explains the ending's change in tone and structure. The conclusion summarizes the paper and points out the social significance of the novel.
文摘This paper tries to discuss everyday life and its relation to urban experiences in different aspects of Taipei City in Human Condition, performed by Greenray Theatre in Taiwan since 2001. The serial play, including six parts,1 displays the life of ordinary people, primarily the middle and labor classes. Historically, Human Condition tells about Taiwan Residents' life from the period of Japanese occupation in Taiwan to the present day. The public's everyday life and their cultural activities are delicately represented on the stage. Human Condition especially focuses on people living in Taipei city, the capital and most populated place of the country. In different historical periods and political atmospheres, the characters' economic and social activities, nostalgic feelings about the past, passions for love and friendship, and awakening of fighting for humanity and freedom construct their social positions as well as establish different aspects of Taipei. We can see the transformation of the city by means of people's social relationships and economic activities. Drawing on Henri Lefebvre's concept of everyday life as rhythmic movement and spatial practice in the process of urbanization, this paper aims at studying the characters' social practice that defines their position and formation of identity within place. Human Condition unravels the characters' connection and disconnection from place in each period of Taiwan's historical and political conditions. The life in Taipei differs from each historical, economic, and political system that defines people's attitudes and perspectives toward this land. The characters within every historical background and political system tell us what Taipei represents and symbolizes to people. The transition of Taipei produces impacts on people that endow them with different personalities and perspectives toward life. As globalization invades into this city, the definition of human in city life has to be reconsidered. As a place of encounter, accumulation of cultural hybridity in Taipei formulates multiple dispositions and social structures. By analyzing the characters represented in every historical period of Taipei, this article interrogates to what extent of "in-place" or "out-of-place" of the characters is interpreted in this space and, in the progress of urbanized development of Taipei, what the value is to affect and connect people's relationships.