论西部“文化经济人”理念的构建

西部“文化经济人”理念是立足西方“理性经济人”的基础,符合我国改革开放和西部开发的实际而提出的。它既是我国经济伦理问题的逻辑结论,也是西部开发中文化和经济互动共荣的必然选择。“文化经济人”要有传统的人文精神和人文关怀,要有民主、科学、法制、理性的观念和意识,要不断克服“人类中心主义”的缺陷,树立起可持续发展的新文明思想。“文化经济人”理念的构建不仅对西部地区,而且对于整个中国社会的经济运行、社会行为准则、日常生活规范等等,都将产生广泛而深远的影响。

“理性经济人”假设辨析

传统经济学把人作为物化的生产要素,是生产财富的一种工具,"理性经济人"假设因此成为经济分析的根本假设,人的行为的最终目的被界定为经济利益最大化。然而,经济是人的经济,经济学也应是人的经济学,作为一个真实的人,除了应拥有追求经济利益的理性维度以外,不可能排除属于伦理道德、文化习俗范畴的伦理之维,利益的最大化远不能概括人的生存和发展目标。为此,从分析理性内容入手,提出经济人假设所缺失的文化维度,确立"文化经济人"的定义,并从宏观、微观两个层面上对文化维度进行了说明。

社会主义市场经济与文化结构

市场经济是文化结构中的一部分.不同的文化结构决定着不同的市场面貌,从而决定着不同的资源配置效率.构建优化的文化结构,能使市场经济的运作更加富有效率,从而使我国经济尽早发展成为成熟的,发达的社会主义市场经济.

人文经济与城市经济高质量发展

城市是现代化的重要载体,人文经济在城市现代化道路中融入人文底色,实现经济发展和文化繁荣的融合。新时代人文经济聚焦人民、文化、经济三大基本要素,以“人民”为中心,以“人文经济化”和“经济人文化”为特征,分别从文化产业和文化事业、人文精神和人文价值等四个方面,引领推动以创新、协调、开放、绿色、共享为特征的城市经济高质量发展。人文精神、人文价值强调城市经济发展的“人文回归”,回答城市经济发展是为了谁、发展成果由谁共享的命题;文化产业、文化事业的深厚底蕴是经济高质量发展的“催化剂”,文化成为城市经济发展的重要动力。新时代人文经济从“人”的视角,推动新时代城市经济高质量,创造人类城市文明新形态。

The Impact of Handicrafts on the Promotion of Cultural and Economic Development for Students of Art Education in Higher Education

This paper studies the impact of handicrafts on the promotion of cultural and economic development for students of art education in higher education through handicrafts based on local customs and traditions. Descriptive, analytical, and experimental methods are used in this research. The results of the study are expected to benefit from the results of this study to provide planners handicrafts in the Ministry of Education. An effective strategy can affect the teaching and learning of handicrafts, the protection of its features and its presence and identity. The study sample consists of 45 students of the third level, batch 2012-2013, from the faculty of Education at the University of Khartoum, Republic of the Sudan. The researchers to prepare topics for handicrafts depend on the use of local materials and units which are derived from the environment and represent the Artistic heritage that is shown through handicrafts （pottery, ceramics, calligraphy, decoration, carpet weaving and textile, sewing, embroidery, sculpture and engraving on wood, metal works, and printing works）. The researchers focuse that the students learn the value of handicrafts in terms of economic and method of production and take advantage of it to increase the income of the individual product. The results confLrms the existence of a difference in the quality and value of handicrafts for students in both groups： the experimental and control group, which confirms that the handcrafts lead to the promotion of cultural and economic development for students of art education in higher education. The researchers are recommended to consider of this topic as a main component which enables an area for further studies to develop different strategies in the field of handicrafts, for students to recognize the importance of the handicrafts value in terms of economic and method of production and take advantage of it to increase the income of the individual product.

Cultural and Socio-economical Dimensions a- Human Reproduction and Sex Education in the Biology Textbooks of Eight Countries

This study was carried out within the European research project ＂Biology, Health and Environmental Education for Better Citizenship＂. It is a comparative analysis of textbooks from eight Mediterranean countries which differ by their cultures, their socio-economical levels, and their religions. This work is focused on the sensitive educational topic ＂Human Reproduction and Sex Education＂. And 43 biology textbooks are analyzed among eight countries： four are in Europe and four in Africa and Middle East. Grids were built to identify implicit values in the texts and images. It is a more precisely explicit or implicit presence of cultural, socio-economical, and ethical dimensions. The investigation concerns whether the authors of textbooks present differently this theme depending on the socio-cultural, ethical, and religious contexts. The content of the textbooks was analyzed as reflecting the conceptions of their authors and publishers. The outcomes of the analyses show that several textbooks present images of human beings restricted to only one ethnic type, usually white-skinned and with fair hair. The social, cultural, economical, and ethical dimensions were generally absent, except for some interest for them in few European textbooks.

The Sustainable Development＇s Added Value to Humanity： An Improvement or Degradation Compared to the Past？

Sustainable development is the latest concept in a long series of conceptual innovations aimed to bring a space of dream to our harsh reality due to economic growth. This inflation of adjectives added to the development, like sustainable, viable, etc., is an attempt to blur our eyes about its negative effects; it is like a magic conjuration. When we look at all its implications, we are so far. There are reasons to be pessimistic： The paths that this concept will lead us to are not clear. In the sustainable development concept, we find only a new packing to our harsh reality： a matter of marketing. Sustainable development was presented as a ＂solution＂ to our innumerable recent problems; on the contrary, it may be a problem to solve. Shouldn＇t this concept be seriously questioned and maybe condemned？ Assuming no drastic measure taken to control earth problems, by the year 2032, 70% of the planet will be destroyed. Sustainable development is a rhetorical ploy which seeks to reconcile what is irreconcilable： the environment and the development. A policy which is not carefully enough thought will carry along various perverse and adverse effects for the ecology as much as for the economy.

Journalism Teacher Assessment of Education Inhibitors

Combining,, cultural-historical theory＇ of human development with research pinpointing education inhibitors, a survey was developed to investigate how journalism teachers evaluated the effects of five education inhibitors on their students＇ learning. The list of inhibitors included electronic gadgets, lack of nutrition, parental education levels, family support levels, and racial subcultures. Results showed that use of electronic gadgets and lack of parental edxlcation were perceived as having the most negative influence on learning, while students＂ subcultures were perceived as having the smallest effect. Respondents also knew the least about their students＇ nutritional intake. Further, school size and student socio-economic status seem to play some role in teacher awareness of education inhibitors, and this is an important finding. It shows that while increasing teacher awareness of various education inhibitors, demographic factors also must be considered when targeting specific inhibitors.

Geographical Patterns of Cultural Values, Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

Globalization and information technologies are new realities that have brought profound changes in lifestyles worldwide. This is reshaping the overall pattern of life custom, cultural production, consumption and trade in a world increasingly filled with changes and economic diversity. In an age of globalization, often ask questions and discussions concerning about successes and vitalities of nations. Globalization and technological revolutions race ahead and transform the world, and how to traces the real business to success. There are thousands of good examples where any nations have shown entrepreneurial talents and have succeeded. It is culture that principally explains, in many cases, or geographical pattern where some countries are developing more rapidly and more successfully than others. How to explain economic success of this nation＇s miracles or simple the secret is creative entrepreneurships？ This paper explores the complex interactions between the geographic pattern from one side and cultural, technological and social aspects of entrepreneurship from other side which generates the dynamic processes of the world economy. In this era of transformation, creativity and knowledge entrepreneurship are powerful tools of fostering economic progress and development.

毁灭性的选择

人在一生中,要经历太多的选择。从儿时选择玩具、升学选择学校到工作选择单位……但是人生旅途中最重要的选择只有几处,即人生理想、价值、前途的选择。曾年轻有为的褚明辉,就因为在紧要处抉择失误,陷入了犯罪的深渊。