文化遗产安全法治体系建构:理念更新与制度优化

破除当前文化遗产保护的局限,维护和塑造文化遗产安全,必须要从遗产形成和发展的主客观要素入手,从人、空间、时间和文化遗产的相互关系出发,树立以人为主体,动态、发展的遗产安全观。以法治思维和法治方式维护和塑造文化遗产安全是防范化解文化安全风险的有效途径。以新安全观为引领建构文化遗产安全法治体系,不仅要在法治框架内对“为谁保护”“保护什么”“谁来保护”“怎么保护”的文化遗产保护议题予以回应,还应当以文化遗产权为中心,对现有的文化遗产安全法律规范体系和法律实施体系进行完善和改进。

文化遗产安全：一个人类文化安全议程

文化遗产安全是人类安全的公共议程,也是国家文化安全的重要领域和实现方式。经济、社会发展及文明冲突正在不断地威胁文化遗产安全,这是当前国家文化安全面临的最严峻的形势。以人类社会关于文化遗产安全的共识,建构中国文化遗产安全体系,应该成为中国文化遗产安全事业发展之新的文化遗产安全观。

中医药非物质文化遗产安全隐忧与应对

为应对全球化背景下我国中医药非物质文化遗产安全面临的现实挑战,助力国家文化资源安全建设,文章基于文化生态学理论,探讨中医药非物质文化遗产的安全隐忧及应对策略。通过对北京地区非物质文化遗产外部环境因素对其内部组成要素影响的分析,探究其安全隐忧,包括自然地理环境下的生存空间障碍、政策制度环境下的管理隐患、人文教育环境下的认知缺位等,进而从内外部生态圈要素双向入手建构安全保护措施。研究表明:可形成融个体、行业、政府和社会在内的中医药非物质文化遗产安全保护四维架构,包括打造特色文化空间、力促健康产业发展、聚焦保护机制建设、提高文化安全意识等,以提升其生态势能,减少其安全隐忧。

文化安全视域下非物质文化遗产档案开放探析

文化安全是国家安全的重要组成部分,非物质文化遗产是中华民族文化的“根”与“魂”,其安全是文化安全的应有之义。非物质文化遗产档案是非物质文化遗产的全景记录,科学合理的开放档案有助于应对非物质文化遗产保护与传承中面临的危险。针对当前非物质文化遗产面临的失存、失真、失传、失众等主要危险,在辨析非物质文化遗产安全与档案开放关系的基础上,以档案开放为核心,从档案建设质量优化、档案利用科学规范、开放主体多元协同、开放方式“融合”等方面提出相应策略,旨在通过档案资源赋能非物质文化遗产安全。

广州市绿色廊道系统生态安全研究框架

本文以广州市绿色廊道系统为例,在生态安全理论的基础上分别从环境安全、物种安全、游憩安全及文化遗产安全四个方面分析探讨广州市绿色廊道系统的建设特色与现状,并进一步阐述生态安全研究对实现广州市绿色廊道网络建设优化发展的深远意义。

阳泉生态新城综合生态安全格局研究

本研究以阳泉生态新城为背景,从场地生态属性入手,借助Arc GIS空间分析,构建基于自然、生物、人文三方面的综合生态安全格局,并以此为依据提出生态新城的生态规划导则,为总体规划建设提供科学合理的参考和指导。

Responding to common questions on the conservation of agricultural heritage systems in China

Although the urgency of their conservation has been recognized, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) designated by the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) since 2002 and China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(ChinaNIAHS) certified by the Ministry of Agriculture(MOA) of China since 2012 are faced with questions as to why to conserve them, what is to be conserved, who should conserve them, and how? This paper attempts to clarify and respond to such questions focusing on the conservation of agricultural heritage systems in China based on a review of both theoretical and practical progress. Agricultural heritage systems exhibit a multitude of values for sustainable and equitable development and therefore should be conserved for both present and future generations. Unlike most conventional heritages, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems is a complex, systematic "engineering" in which both physical and biological components and associated socio-cultural processes should be conserved in a dynamic way. Farmers and heritage sites must benefit from the continuance of traditional agricultural production under the premise of ecological functions being sustained and traditional culture being inherited. For a more effective conservation, a multi- stakeholder process should be established involving governments at different levels, multi-disciplinary scientists, communities and farmers, and business enterprises as well as social organizations. As has been demonstrated, the conservation of agricultural heritage systems aims to promote the regional sustainable development, to improve the livelihood, food security and well-being of farm people, and to provide references for the development of modern agriculture in China.

The Evaluation of Food and Livelihood Security in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)Site

Based on the basic selection criteria of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)and food and livelihood security research trends,this paper established an evaluation framework and indicator system for food and livelihood security in GIAHS and selected the first GIAHS site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a case for empirical evaluation.The results demonstrate that the food and livelihood security of farmers at this site was at a medium level,with an average evaluation value of 2.91,which still lagged behind the level of better food and livelihood security.Specifically,the average values of farmers’evaluation of food security and livelihood security were 1.43 and 1.48,respectively,which show that farmers’food security in the study area was at a medium level and that of livelihood security was relatively good.Simultaneously,the more simple a farmers’economic activities(i.e.,agriculture-oriented economic activities or non-agriculture-oriented economic activities),the worse their food and livelihood security;while the more diversified the economic activities(i.e.,engaged in part-time economic activities),the better the food and livelihood security.