The main focus of this scientific article is organizational culture that represents very complicated and complex social phenomenon. Organizational culture is understood as the set of basic assumptions, values, standar...The main focus of this scientific article is organizational culture that represents very complicated and complex social phenomenon. Organizational culture is understood as the set of basic assumptions, values, standards, and artifacts, shared in the company in long-term horizon. The main objective of empirical research was to map organizational culture content in manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic and Austria. The content of organizational culture in the selected level of analysis was identified by means of qualitative methods--individual interviews and focus group discussions. With respect to specified objective, research was implemented in the sample of 10 companies in the Czech Republic and Austria. Data acquired by qualitative method of focus group were processed by means of content analysis. The main result of this part of empirical research was to describe the organizational culture content in the manufacturing companies operating in Austrian and Czech environment.展开更多
The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two fr...The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two from Austria and two from Slovenia, work together to publish an avalanche report during the winter season. The first regular season was the winter 2012/2013. The avalanche and the slab avalanche situation in the transnational area along the 160 km border between the south of Austria and north of Slovenia show major differences of avalanche building weather situations. Because of the nearby sea in the southwest of Slovenia, the prevailing weather situations for high precipitation are coming from southwest or southeast. Nevertheless sometimes a lot of fresh snow occurs at northerly weather situations, which is unusual for Slovenian Alps and is therefore poorly forecasted for this region. Austrian avalanche experts are facing the same problems at southerly weather situations. Hence, an exchange of experience, weather data as well as model information improves the avalanche warning on both sides of the Austrian-Slovenian border.展开更多
The transformational journey archetype begins long before literature in rites of initiation when a child undergoes a journey full of tests and temptations, perilous encounters in an underworld, and visions that transf...The transformational journey archetype begins long before literature in rites of initiation when a child undergoes a journey full of tests and temptations, perilous encounters in an underworld, and visions that transform the child into a member of a tribe. Before this archetype is translated by the written word into literature, the telling of the story is not just the account of something that happened long ago in the past, but an actual reenactment of the events for the audience. The journey archetype appears in the earliest example of literature, Homer＇s Odyssey, where Homer makes the readers both an observer and participant in the transformation. The journey does not always, as in rites of initiation, involve a child and occur only once in life. Instead, the journey may begin in death and trauma and involve a person who must resume that journey over again as an adult. Such is the fate of Aeneas in Virgil＇s Aeneid whose transformative journey begins with the burning towers of Troy. In these two early epics the heroes suffer the loss of an older world and must resume their pursuit of new identities in a new world after descending to a land of death or underworld to consult ancestor figures who prepare them for the transition to a new life, identity, and destiny. The reader of these works participates in the journeys the heroes undertake and learns to renew contact with the sources of life and consciousness in myth, magic, and vision. Dante＇s journey through the Inferno to his vision of God in Paradiso is a culmination of this transformative experience and vision, whose intent is to transform us as well through imaginative and intellectual participation in the journey. In Jorge Luis Borges＇s parody of Dante in his story, ＂El Aleph＂, Borges goes beyond Dante in making the reader, not only a participant in the journey and vision, but a ＂writer＂ whom Borges evokes to transform the impossible vision of the Aleph into an illusion of reality. Unlike Dante＇s positive transformational vision of the universe as a harmonious cosmos embraced within the vision of God as if it were a book uniting its multiple pages in one binding, the vision of the Aleph confronts the protagonist and readers with a universe that is random and chaotic, a vision that is disillusioning rather than transformational.展开更多
In contemporary times, many Nigerians, and indeed Africans, go through huddles to behold some of their most cherished artifacts in foreign lands. Such artifacts were taken away by the colonial masters during their var...In contemporary times, many Nigerians, and indeed Africans, go through huddles to behold some of their most cherished artifacts in foreign lands. Such artifacts were taken away by the colonial masters during their various conquests of ancient African kingdoms. In the modern days as well, such trips are made to other countries by Nigerians and Africans to research into some popular arts and amusements lost as a result of neglect. One of such lost is the popular form of literature that once existed in the eastern part of Nigeria--the Onitsha Market Literature. Using evidences from secondary research materials, this paper discusses the re-occurrence of this silly history of neglecting the production and consumption of popular culture in Nigerian and indeed Africa. Using the Nigerian video film industry, Nollywood, as a case study, a case is here made for the proper archiving of these video films for future generations. It is observed that just few decades of video film production in Nigeria, virtually all the pioneer films cannot be found anywhere in the country. Such films must be needed in future for research purposes as the foundations upon which other great films of the future will base. The work therefore concludes with the obvious recommendation that genuine efforts, will, and finances be committed to proper archiving of legally approved Nollywood films. This will engender the sentiment central to film archiving and drastically reduce the problems that may confront the future generation as regards research in the Nigeria video film culture, Nollywood.展开更多
This article examines some ideas on reading Plato by three scholars, dating from different decades of the 20th century and setting off from various theoretical starting points, who explored an alternative possibility ...This article examines some ideas on reading Plato by three scholars, dating from different decades of the 20th century and setting off from various theoretical starting points, who explored an alternative possibility by suggesting theories that incorporate the element of＂dramatic＂ performance. According to Auguste Diès the written dialogue is a literary version of a dialectical duel actually held in the Academy between a distinguished visitor and a selected group of students. Through the so-called process of＂transposition＂, Plato transforms a real life event into an artful piece of literature recreating the original scene for educational purposes. Gilbert Ryle, on the other hand, held that the dialogues were primarily intended for dramatic recitation in public, with Plato himself delivering the words of Socrates. They were delivered orally to audiences, as a rule in the context of literary competitions, in which the other Socratics also took part. Finally, Holger Thesleff has once suggested that the （re）performance of the dialogues as an established activity in the Academy constitutes a necessary stage in the composition of new works and the revision of the old ones. In view of his conviction that Plato was the inventor of the dramatic philosophical dialogue he also seemed to have been the first one who explicitly, however cautiously, entertained the idea of theatrical presentation of Plato＇s dialogues-though he later changed his mind and fallen back to the theory of public reading.展开更多
Loto＇i Tongas＂the big heart＂-is a term describing all that is Tongan： the passion, joy, spirit, and the mind. This quality of being Tongan shapes the way in which Tongans work together to achieve successful outcom...Loto＇i Tongas＂the big heart＂-is a term describing all that is Tongan： the passion, joy, spirit, and the mind. This quality of being Tongan shapes the way in which Tongans work together to achieve successful outcomes. Loto＇i Tonga influences activities such as community development projects, social and health services initiatives, as well as the passion seen when Tongan engages in sporting activities. This case study describes a community development project in West Auckland, New Zealand, which brought together the Tongan community. The primary aim of the project was to improve the health and wellbeing of Tongans living in West Auckland. Conducted over several years, the project resulted in the establishment of vegetable gardens, a Tongan pre-school centre, and a woman＇s home-based development initiative resulting in the production of a variety of crafts as well as well-being activities. These successful outcomes provide a clear message to both Tongan and non-Tongan leaders that a way to success in Tongan community development is to empower Tongans to be able to lead and take control over determinants of their life and their well-being. Loto＇i Tonga is a key cultural value that determines such outcomes.展开更多
The treatise attempts at a philosophical analysis of the category-----public area. It points out the dissension between the traditional and postmodern definition of this conception and the consequences resulting from ...The treatise attempts at a philosophical analysis of the category-----public area. It points out the dissension between the traditional and postmodern definition of this conception and the consequences resulting from these different attitudes. As far as the methodology is concerned, the study is based on J. F. Lyotard, presenting the postmodern approach as a greater contribution. In postmodern public area, we can meet two basic types of dissentions, while only the first of them can be solved by further grow of specialization and the expert likes to know.展开更多
In their attempt to construct their identity in opposition to European one, non-Western new nations with alphabets such as Greek, Hebrew, or Cyrillic, used them as a way of emphasizing difference, and thus provide sym...In their attempt to construct their identity in opposition to European one, non-Western new nations with alphabets such as Greek, Hebrew, or Cyrillic, used them as a way of emphasizing difference, and thus provide symbolic spaces for the newborn nations. The illegibility of these alphabets for Western people, along with the ancient prestige of at least Hebrew and Greek, fostered the illusion of temporal continuity and provided legitimacy to their atomization projects. Odysseas Elytis （1911-1996）, Nobel Prize for Literature winner in 1979 and the last national poet of Greece, blends this old tendency in Greek culture and the broader claim of modern European poets for the essential autonomy of art and literature. His efforts to reinforce the walls separating Greece from Latin-Western culture by reinforcing the illegibility of both Greek and poetic idioms, aim at constructing a more essential Greece, founded on aesthetics, language, and writing instead of politics, institutions, or geographic borders. In this paper engaging mainly in the fields of literary and postcolonial studies, the author intends to analyze the mechanisms by which language, writing, or literature can be used to （re）cipher once again the already exclusive concept of nation, and thus to undermine every possibility of deciphering and translatability. He concludes that in “conceptually colonized” nations such as Greece, this process implies and anticolonial movement still caught nevertheless in a colonial discursivity.展开更多
Chinese martial arts have a long history, profound, which is an integral part of Chinese traditional culture of grandeur. China joined the WTO and the Beijing Olympic Games ＂has a rich cultural heritage of thousands ...Chinese martial arts have a long history, profound, which is an integral part of Chinese traditional culture of grandeur. China joined the WTO and the Beijing Olympic Games ＂has a rich cultural heritage of thousands of years of Chinese martial arts with its unique charm and much of the world＇ s attention.＂ In the face of opportunities and challenges, the international spread of martial arts has become an irresistible trend. ＂First of propagation, the spread of the concept of martial arts and martial arts were defined international spread, and it were explains martial international spread of cultural level societal level and significance of the economic level, dialectical judge the outcome of the international transmission acquired with the problems.＂ Secondly, the traditional martial arts culture for martial international dissemination presented aphasia phenomenon, by means of the analysis of the advanced nature of martial arts culture, the martial arts and cultural heritage considered as the center of gravity advantages, not only to absorb the multicultural essence of martial arts culture useful, but also highlight the ethnic characteristics of martial arts culture, martial arts culture to enhance capacity external radiation, the Chinese martial arts as a complete all- round cultural forms, multi-level, multi-an^le display, promote the Chinese martial arts to the world in a more in-depth. ＂展开更多
In an examination of the contemporary transformation of journalism at a granular level, this article exposes the process at work in the cultural construction of crisis and struggles for institutional experimentation i...In an examination of the contemporary transformation of journalism at a granular level, this article exposes the process at work in the cultural construction of crisis and struggles for institutional experimentation in the New Orleans based The Times-Picayune. Layoffs and a digital-first strategy in 2012 triggered public outcry that strongly polluted the changes as anti-democratic. A narrative analysis of articles published in a variety of media and in-depth interviews with journalists and editors showed that events were related to broad and systemic cultural values, a core cultural structure inherent in every journalistic institution--including The Times- Picayune. In their narrative dimension, journalistic stories took the form of a moral texture that, in turn, fostered civil interpretations and reactions. The available narratives of the changes were--and still are--filtered, selected, and outlined from those core values.展开更多
文摘The main focus of this scientific article is organizational culture that represents very complicated and complex social phenomenon. Organizational culture is understood as the set of basic assumptions, values, standards, and artifacts, shared in the company in long-term horizon. The main objective of empirical research was to map organizational culture content in manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic and Austria. The content of organizational culture in the selected level of analysis was identified by means of qualitative methods--individual interviews and focus group discussions. With respect to specified objective, research was implemented in the sample of 10 companies in the Czech Republic and Austria. Data acquired by qualitative method of focus group were processed by means of content analysis. The main result of this part of empirical research was to describe the organizational culture content in the manufacturing companies operating in Austrian and Czech environment.
文摘The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two from Austria and two from Slovenia, work together to publish an avalanche report during the winter season. The first regular season was the winter 2012/2013. The avalanche and the slab avalanche situation in the transnational area along the 160 km border between the south of Austria and north of Slovenia show major differences of avalanche building weather situations. Because of the nearby sea in the southwest of Slovenia, the prevailing weather situations for high precipitation are coming from southwest or southeast. Nevertheless sometimes a lot of fresh snow occurs at northerly weather situations, which is unusual for Slovenian Alps and is therefore poorly forecasted for this region. Austrian avalanche experts are facing the same problems at southerly weather situations. Hence, an exchange of experience, weather data as well as model information improves the avalanche warning on both sides of the Austrian-Slovenian border.
文摘The transformational journey archetype begins long before literature in rites of initiation when a child undergoes a journey full of tests and temptations, perilous encounters in an underworld, and visions that transform the child into a member of a tribe. Before this archetype is translated by the written word into literature, the telling of the story is not just the account of something that happened long ago in the past, but an actual reenactment of the events for the audience. The journey archetype appears in the earliest example of literature, Homer＇s Odyssey, where Homer makes the readers both an observer and participant in the transformation. The journey does not always, as in rites of initiation, involve a child and occur only once in life. Instead, the journey may begin in death and trauma and involve a person who must resume that journey over again as an adult. Such is the fate of Aeneas in Virgil＇s Aeneid whose transformative journey begins with the burning towers of Troy. In these two early epics the heroes suffer the loss of an older world and must resume their pursuit of new identities in a new world after descending to a land of death or underworld to consult ancestor figures who prepare them for the transition to a new life, identity, and destiny. The reader of these works participates in the journeys the heroes undertake and learns to renew contact with the sources of life and consciousness in myth, magic, and vision. Dante＇s journey through the Inferno to his vision of God in Paradiso is a culmination of this transformative experience and vision, whose intent is to transform us as well through imaginative and intellectual participation in the journey. In Jorge Luis Borges＇s parody of Dante in his story, ＂El Aleph＂, Borges goes beyond Dante in making the reader, not only a participant in the journey and vision, but a ＂writer＂ whom Borges evokes to transform the impossible vision of the Aleph into an illusion of reality. Unlike Dante＇s positive transformational vision of the universe as a harmonious cosmos embraced within the vision of God as if it were a book uniting its multiple pages in one binding, the vision of the Aleph confronts the protagonist and readers with a universe that is random and chaotic, a vision that is disillusioning rather than transformational.
文摘In contemporary times, many Nigerians, and indeed Africans, go through huddles to behold some of their most cherished artifacts in foreign lands. Such artifacts were taken away by the colonial masters during their various conquests of ancient African kingdoms. In the modern days as well, such trips are made to other countries by Nigerians and Africans to research into some popular arts and amusements lost as a result of neglect. One of such lost is the popular form of literature that once existed in the eastern part of Nigeria--the Onitsha Market Literature. Using evidences from secondary research materials, this paper discusses the re-occurrence of this silly history of neglecting the production and consumption of popular culture in Nigerian and indeed Africa. Using the Nigerian video film industry, Nollywood, as a case study, a case is here made for the proper archiving of these video films for future generations. It is observed that just few decades of video film production in Nigeria, virtually all the pioneer films cannot be found anywhere in the country. Such films must be needed in future for research purposes as the foundations upon which other great films of the future will base. The work therefore concludes with the obvious recommendation that genuine efforts, will, and finances be committed to proper archiving of legally approved Nollywood films. This will engender the sentiment central to film archiving and drastically reduce the problems that may confront the future generation as regards research in the Nigeria video film culture, Nollywood.
文摘This article examines some ideas on reading Plato by three scholars, dating from different decades of the 20th century and setting off from various theoretical starting points, who explored an alternative possibility by suggesting theories that incorporate the element of＂dramatic＂ performance. According to Auguste Diès the written dialogue is a literary version of a dialectical duel actually held in the Academy between a distinguished visitor and a selected group of students. Through the so-called process of＂transposition＂, Plato transforms a real life event into an artful piece of literature recreating the original scene for educational purposes. Gilbert Ryle, on the other hand, held that the dialogues were primarily intended for dramatic recitation in public, with Plato himself delivering the words of Socrates. They were delivered orally to audiences, as a rule in the context of literary competitions, in which the other Socratics also took part. Finally, Holger Thesleff has once suggested that the （re）performance of the dialogues as an established activity in the Academy constitutes a necessary stage in the composition of new works and the revision of the old ones. In view of his conviction that Plato was the inventor of the dramatic philosophical dialogue he also seemed to have been the first one who explicitly, however cautiously, entertained the idea of theatrical presentation of Plato＇s dialogues-though he later changed his mind and fallen back to the theory of public reading.
文摘Loto＇i Tongas＂the big heart＂-is a term describing all that is Tongan： the passion, joy, spirit, and the mind. This quality of being Tongan shapes the way in which Tongans work together to achieve successful outcomes. Loto＇i Tonga influences activities such as community development projects, social and health services initiatives, as well as the passion seen when Tongan engages in sporting activities. This case study describes a community development project in West Auckland, New Zealand, which brought together the Tongan community. The primary aim of the project was to improve the health and wellbeing of Tongans living in West Auckland. Conducted over several years, the project resulted in the establishment of vegetable gardens, a Tongan pre-school centre, and a woman＇s home-based development initiative resulting in the production of a variety of crafts as well as well-being activities. These successful outcomes provide a clear message to both Tongan and non-Tongan leaders that a way to success in Tongan community development is to empower Tongans to be able to lead and take control over determinants of their life and their well-being. Loto＇i Tonga is a key cultural value that determines such outcomes.
文摘The treatise attempts at a philosophical analysis of the category-----public area. It points out the dissension between the traditional and postmodern definition of this conception and the consequences resulting from these different attitudes. As far as the methodology is concerned, the study is based on J. F. Lyotard, presenting the postmodern approach as a greater contribution. In postmodern public area, we can meet two basic types of dissentions, while only the first of them can be solved by further grow of specialization and the expert likes to know.
文摘In their attempt to construct their identity in opposition to European one, non-Western new nations with alphabets such as Greek, Hebrew, or Cyrillic, used them as a way of emphasizing difference, and thus provide symbolic spaces for the newborn nations. The illegibility of these alphabets for Western people, along with the ancient prestige of at least Hebrew and Greek, fostered the illusion of temporal continuity and provided legitimacy to their atomization projects. Odysseas Elytis （1911-1996）, Nobel Prize for Literature winner in 1979 and the last national poet of Greece, blends this old tendency in Greek culture and the broader claim of modern European poets for the essential autonomy of art and literature. His efforts to reinforce the walls separating Greece from Latin-Western culture by reinforcing the illegibility of both Greek and poetic idioms, aim at constructing a more essential Greece, founded on aesthetics, language, and writing instead of politics, institutions, or geographic borders. In this paper engaging mainly in the fields of literary and postcolonial studies, the author intends to analyze the mechanisms by which language, writing, or literature can be used to （re）cipher once again the already exclusive concept of nation, and thus to undermine every possibility of deciphering and translatability. He concludes that in “conceptually colonized” nations such as Greece, this process implies and anticolonial movement still caught nevertheless in a colonial discursivity.
文摘Chinese martial arts have a long history, profound, which is an integral part of Chinese traditional culture of grandeur. China joined the WTO and the Beijing Olympic Games ＂has a rich cultural heritage of thousands of years of Chinese martial arts with its unique charm and much of the world＇ s attention.＂ In the face of opportunities and challenges, the international spread of martial arts has become an irresistible trend. ＂First of propagation, the spread of the concept of martial arts and martial arts were defined international spread, and it were explains martial international spread of cultural level societal level and significance of the economic level, dialectical judge the outcome of the international transmission acquired with the problems.＂ Secondly, the traditional martial arts culture for martial international dissemination presented aphasia phenomenon, by means of the analysis of the advanced nature of martial arts culture, the martial arts and cultural heritage considered as the center of gravity advantages, not only to absorb the multicultural essence of martial arts culture useful, but also highlight the ethnic characteristics of martial arts culture, martial arts culture to enhance capacity external radiation, the Chinese martial arts as a complete all- round cultural forms, multi-level, multi-an^le display, promote the Chinese martial arts to the world in a more in-depth. ＂
文摘In an examination of the contemporary transformation of journalism at a granular level, this article exposes the process at work in the cultural construction of crisis and struggles for institutional experimentation in the New Orleans based The Times-Picayune. Layoffs and a digital-first strategy in 2012 triggered public outcry that strongly polluted the changes as anti-democratic. A narrative analysis of articles published in a variety of media and in-depth interviews with journalists and editors showed that events were related to broad and systemic cultural values, a core cultural structure inherent in every journalistic institution--including The Times- Picayune. In their narrative dimension, journalistic stories took the form of a moral texture that, in turn, fostered civil interpretations and reactions. The available narratives of the changes were--and still are--filtered, selected, and outlined from those core values.
