This paper discusses a neglected theme in Wittgenstein＇s writings on meaning and psychology from the early 1930s until 1949. Throughout this period Wittgenstein deals with aspects of meaning of words and pictures tha...This paper discusses a neglected theme in Wittgenstein＇s writings on meaning and psychology from the early 1930s until 1949. Throughout this period Wittgenstein deals with aspects of meaning of words and pictures that cannot be accounted for in dispositional terms but have to be related to experience and perception. Wittgenstein＇s reading of William James, I argue, has sharpened his eye for the many pitfalls in coming to terms with this experiential notion of meaning. James＇s treatment of experiences of meaning succumbs to the temptation to postulate ~~meaning-bodies,＂ bearers of meaning apart from the way and context in which we use the particular words. I argue that the conflation of what Wittgenstein calls the transitive and intransitive use of words is at the root of postulating meaning-bodies. I also argue that contemporary treatments of experiences of meaning are similarly vulnerable to James＇s confusion.展开更多
As a literary slogan given to a special meaning by history, ‘reality＇ has constituted a dominant clue in the evolution of the ideological trend of realism in 20th Century Chinese Literature. In the ‘New Literature ...As a literary slogan given to a special meaning by history, ‘reality＇ has constituted a dominant clue in the evolution of the ideological trend of realism in 20th Century Chinese Literature. In the ‘New Literature Movement＇ of May 4th Movement,‘reality＇, as the characterization of scientific rationality spirit and an imposition on the description of the objective reality, has been incorporated into the perspective of Modern Chinese literature： In the 1950s and 1960s, it protested to obtain an independent literary discourse as a saving weapon; in the early 1980s, it‘restored＇ realism as a theory starting point of ‘re-enlightenment＇. In the late 1980s, with the conversion of historical context, and the subversion and reconstruction of Western ‘refer to＇ concept to ＂reality＂ concept of traditional epistemology, ‘reality＇ ended its historic mission, and thus to retire展开更多
The present paper is talking about the recent situation of the archeological buildings which exist through modern urban environments. Urban expansion has a large effect on the archeological buildings continuity since ...The present paper is talking about the recent situation of the archeological buildings which exist through modern urban environments. Urban expansion has a large effect on the archeological buildings continuity since such type of development impresses several serious challenges which conservation plans as well as preservation polices must deal with. A number of that main challenges are mega-constructions （tunnels, damps, roads, etc.）, pollution, socio-cultural impacts and traffic. Within Um Qias, the archeological buildings face similar challenges consistent with the urban environment where it is presented and that challenges are reviewed in the local community behavior.展开更多
From the viewpoint of generation theory, cultural philosophy illustrates the inherent unity of history and culture through a profound understanding and grasp of the historicality of human existence, thus making cultur...From the viewpoint of generation theory, cultural philosophy illustrates the inherent unity of history and culture through a profound understanding and grasp of the historicality of human existence, thus making cultural philosophy transcend the general metaphysical system and become a totally new research paradigm. As such, cultural philosophy is essentially a new pattern for historical interpretation. It is always guided by the spirit of self-conscious cultural criticism, endeavoring to elucidate the cultural roots of the existential crisis of modern humanity through macro- and micro-level description of the generation of the cultural spirit of mankind, and to provide multiple possibilities for the future existence of humanity.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses a neglected theme in Wittgenstein＇s writings on meaning and psychology from the early 1930s until 1949. Throughout this period Wittgenstein deals with aspects of meaning of words and pictures that cannot be accounted for in dispositional terms but have to be related to experience and perception. Wittgenstein＇s reading of William James, I argue, has sharpened his eye for the many pitfalls in coming to terms with this experiential notion of meaning. James＇s treatment of experiences of meaning succumbs to the temptation to postulate ~~meaning-bodies,＂ bearers of meaning apart from the way and context in which we use the particular words. I argue that the conflation of what Wittgenstein calls the transitive and intransitive use of words is at the root of postulating meaning-bodies. I also argue that contemporary treatments of experiences of meaning are similarly vulnerable to James＇s confusion.
文摘As a literary slogan given to a special meaning by history, ‘reality＇ has constituted a dominant clue in the evolution of the ideological trend of realism in 20th Century Chinese Literature. In the ‘New Literature Movement＇ of May 4th Movement,‘reality＇, as the characterization of scientific rationality spirit and an imposition on the description of the objective reality, has been incorporated into the perspective of Modern Chinese literature： In the 1950s and 1960s, it protested to obtain an independent literary discourse as a saving weapon; in the early 1980s, it‘restored＇ realism as a theory starting point of ‘re-enlightenment＇. In the late 1980s, with the conversion of historical context, and the subversion and reconstruction of Western ‘refer to＇ concept to ＂reality＂ concept of traditional epistemology, ‘reality＇ ended its historic mission, and thus to retire
文摘The present paper is talking about the recent situation of the archeological buildings which exist through modern urban environments. Urban expansion has a large effect on the archeological buildings continuity since such type of development impresses several serious challenges which conservation plans as well as preservation polices must deal with. A number of that main challenges are mega-constructions （tunnels, damps, roads, etc.）, pollution, socio-cultural impacts and traffic. Within Um Qias, the archeological buildings face similar challenges consistent with the urban environment where it is presented and that challenges are reviewed in the local community behavior.
文摘From the viewpoint of generation theory, cultural philosophy illustrates the inherent unity of history and culture through a profound understanding and grasp of the historicality of human existence, thus making cultural philosophy transcend the general metaphysical system and become a totally new research paradigm. As such, cultural philosophy is essentially a new pattern for historical interpretation. It is always guided by the spirit of self-conscious cultural criticism, endeavoring to elucidate the cultural roots of the existential crisis of modern humanity through macro- and micro-level description of the generation of the cultural spirit of mankind, and to provide multiple possibilities for the future existence of humanity.
