知识学的价值内核——对先师余虹先生《文学知识学》的精神性解读

余先生的知识学建构并不采信一种强调"客观"或"价值中立"的研究进路,而是关注作为精神性活动的文学在人的生存语境中的价值建构。知识学的论述体现了余先生的一贯用心,其断裂处更凸显了中国学人的时代命运。

Contribution of ecotourism to poverty alleviation in Nyanga,Zimbabwe

This paper assesses the contribution of ecotourism to local communities and the environment.Livelihoods of local communities are examined to understand the socioeconomic situation of people living in proximity to ecotourism areas and their participation in ecotourism activities. The impact of ecotourism on the environment in Nyanga is also examined. The paper employs both literature review(secondary data) and a field survey(primary data) to achieve these objectives. To gather socioeconomic data of households and tourist traits, questionnaires were administered to120 households and 30 tourists in the study area. Key informant interviews were held in the survey to gather expert knowledge about ecotourism trends and environmental data in the area.Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Descriptive and inferential analyses were used for quantitative data while content and structural-functional analyses were used for qualitative data. The research revealed that ecotourism offers the highest salaries when compared to other sources of formal employment. Ecotourism activities were shown to positively impact the environment through the protection, preservation, and management of natural resources. The study concludes that ecotourism is a useful and sustainable poverty alleviation strategy which has not yet been fully exploited in Zimbabwe.

Research and Analysis on the College English Teaching Emphasis from the Cultural Migration and Transformation of Thinking Perspectives

In this paper, we conduct research on the college English teaching emphasis from the cultural migration and transformation ofthinking perspectives. College English has long been in for the college English subject status. However, college English as a multidisciplinary,interdisciplinary research in the field of discipline construction, it seems, are still stay in the linguistics, language knowledge in academiccharacteristics for its stage of development. Reform of basic college English teaching, the teacher is still teaching main body, is the teaching oflanguage knowledge, since teachers play an important role in language teaching, the teacher wants to penetrate cultural knowledge in teachingand we must strengthen their own culture. Under this basis, this paper proposes the novel ideals on the related issues that will be meaningful andinnovative.

New Development of Chinese Literary Anthropology

Chinese literary anthropology, growing out of comparative literature and cross-cultural studies at the end of the 20th century, is a notably innovative research paradigm in contemporary Chinese humanities and enters a new stage at the beginning of the 21st century. Firstly, this essay attempts to interpret how Chinese literary anthropology responds accordingly to the new development of international anthropology and mythology, updates the postmodern concept of myth knowledge of Confucian myth and the pattern of the mythological knowledge, thereby constructing the core in modern Chinese context. Afterward, it discusses the differences between the great tradition and the little tradition, and the significance of returning to the sacred context. Last, the focus of archetypal criticism in the context of Chinese anthropology has moved from literary concerns to cultural concerns and employing the quadruple evidences and five kinds of narratives to comprehensively interpret Confucian classics.

Research of mathematic culture and quality of mathematics education

In the basic concepts of mathematic culture, mathematics was given a broad meaning. Mathematics is not only a scientific language, a system of knowledge, but also a way of thinking, a kind of art has aesthetic features. On this basis, the meaning of mathematical quality should have a new exposition, the essence of mathematical quality is integration of mathematic cultural values, knowledge, abilities, psychological, while the key to the quality of mathematics education is to fully embody the essence of mathematics culture, let the concepts of mathematic cultm＇e integrated to the whole process of mathematics education.

Schema Theory and Business English Teaching

Schema Theory, which emphasizes on the effects of existing knowledge on language learning, has been applied into varied areas of language teaching. And BE （business English）, on the other hand, is drawn more and more attentions as a specialized usage of language. This paper will probe into the application of Schema Theory into BE teaching through discussing three types of schemata. In order to facilitate learning, BE teachers should help students modify their exiting schemata, such as teaching them the terminology used in BE, and the factual and socio-cultural knowledge of the business, and improve their ability to speak and listen English in business

Knowledge Innovation of Great Tradition of Chinese Literary Anthropology

It is very innovative significance that Chinese Literary Anthropology invents the Great Tradition in the new century and puts forward series of theoretical propositions and academic points based on it. The new Great Tradition transforms the opposition between the Great and Little Tradition of American anthropology, and makes the new concepts gain the legitimacy of the cultural values transferred from the old terms. It dates the second coded significance of the written culture from the material narrative and the image narrative of the oral tradition, and highlights the generative and primary of the symbolic significance. It also questions the authenticity of the written representation, endows the truth and credibility to the material and image representation, and manifests the imaginative and expression of the early human culture. Though its theoretical innovation inverts the binary opposition structure, and it wants to jump out of knowledge limits of dual structure such as structure and destruction, objective and subjective, material and spiritual.

Experience, Culture, Science, and Reasoned Knowledge Produce the Philosophy of Natural Foresight, with Professor Paul Ricoeur＇s Generous Heritage

Presentation of ＂development of methods of foresight＂ while presenting texts of examples and concrete results： （1） Christianity （appropriately） will not now disappear overnight since it has been around for more than 2017 years! Its built-up ＂Ways＂ are precedents and subsequents to Western models of existence, chosen, among multiple alternatives, by predecessors whose influence, is shared, today and tomorrow! （2） Use of sustained faith and search for peace for continuous steady and slow evolution （in spite of difficulties） toward the inevitable future--initial belief in Christianity presenting the least worst of existing conditions for human freedom and movement. （3） Let the unwilling remain in the last wagon of the moving train from where they will （without a doubt） regret not moving onwards, but yet happily benefit from progress （such are ＂trust-busters,＂ leaving the initiatives to the ＂clearsighted＂ actors of progress）. Note that Time moves on nonetheless. （4） Use of the past （genealogy, track record, and estimation of dates of future evolutions） for its recorded evolutions in time as ＂launching parameters＂ （ex. curves...） and for projected advancements in open-ended time, using of historical proofs with world-wide testimony, witness and belie! This would help not only in ＂down-to-earth＂ reasoning but also in ＂above and beyond＂ anticipation, further down Time＇s road! Use date and timing references of the past--further historical example and proofs to be extended to the society＇s extension in the Western World and as a founding basis from which extension throughout the World could be justified （ex. starting with Europe, and without unique or limiting dogmatism）. （5） Use of cordiality and diplomacy to ease difficulties of understanding, in spite of hesitation to proceed--＂humiliations＂ of conditions （if necessary）--as the leading ＂team＂ has an agreed objective, and these ＂volonteer followers,＂ so they would be, are trapped strangled by their own leashes. （6） Opening one＇s generous arms （even if politically motivated） to fraternal and willing brethren, for endulging welcoming attitudes toward the others. This would prepare the road for others in their own progress （toward their progressive） destiny. （7） Open-up multi-culturalism as opposed to the quest for mono-cultural sovereignty! Europe would then evermore be consolidated! （8） Indeed nothing looks like an individual more than another individual! Especially, in need! And it is in needs that appears the essence of humankind!

余虹学术研究概说

余虹学术研究的主要贡献体现在四个方面:(1)作为(20世纪80—90年代国内海德格尔诗学研究的领军人物,他推进了海德格尔的思想含蕴向汉语世界的生成转化;2)作为中国文艺理论界现代性研究思潮的发动者之一,他对现代性危机与人类的生存处境的沉思、对中国文论现代性的研究至今仍是中国学术界的前沿话题;(3)他将现象学运用于中西比较诗学的研究,开创了一条打通中国文论与西方诗学可比性的独特思路;(4)他的文学知识学研究作为国内首次从知识学的角度对文艺理论知识进行系统性考辨、叙述的尝试,为中国文学知识学的发展打下了基础。

Second harmonic generation in a high-Q lithium niobate microresonator fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining

We report on second harmonic generation(SHG) in on-chip high-Q(>105) lithium niobate(Li Nb O3, LN) microresonators fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining. We examine the efficiency of SHG with either a continuous-wave(CW) or an ultrashort pulsed pump laser. The normalized conversion efficiencies of SHG obtained with the CW and pulsed pump lasers are measured to be 1.35×10?5 m W?1 and 2.30×10?6 m W?1, respectively.

High-Q whispering gallery modes in a polymer microresonator with broad strain tuning

We have reported the high-Q whispering gallery modes(WGMs) in a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) optical microresonators with broad tuning range. The PDMS microresonators are fabricated at the center of two collimating fiber tips, which can be controlled by the piezoelectric stage. Through stretching the fiber stem, the tuning range of WGMs are demonstrated more than 50 nm.Further investigations demonstrated that the WGM shift has a high force sensitivity(～ 19.7 pm/μN) of the gravitation when the microcavity is stretched by a weight. The theoretical analysis reveals that the high force sensitivity of polymer microresonator can be used for the weak force or height measurement.

Femtosecond laser 3D fabrication of whispering-gallerymode microcavities

Whispering-gallery-mode(WGM) microcavities with high-quality factors and small volumes have attracted intense interests in the past decades because of their potential applications in various research fields such as quantum information, sensing, and optoelectronics. This leads to rapid advance in a variety of processing technologies that can create high-quality WGM micro-cavities. Due to the unique characteristics of femtosecond laser pulses with high peak intensity and ultrashort pulse duration, femtosecond laser shows the ability to carry out ultrahigh precision micromachining of a variety of transparent materials through nonlinear multiphoton absorption and tunneling ionization. This review paper describes the basic principle of femtosecond laser direct writing, and presents an overview of recent progress concerning femtosecond laser three-dimensional(3D) fabrications of optical WGM microcavities, which include the advances in the fabrications of passive and active WGMs microcavities in a variety of materials such as polymer, glass and crystals, as well as in processing the integrated WGM-microcavity device. Lastly, a summary of this dynamic field with a future perspective is given.

Mode and modulation characteristics for microsquare lasers with a vertex output waveguide

The mode and high-speed modulation characteristics are investigated for a microsquare laser with a side length of 16 ?m and a 2-?m-wide output waveguide connected to one vertex. The longitudinal and transverse mode characteristics are analyzed by numerical simulation and light ray model, and compared with the lasing spectra for the microsquare laser. Up to the fifth transverse mode is observed clearly from the lasing spectra. Single mode operation with the side mode suppression ratio of 41 d B is realized at the injection current of 24 m A, and the maximum output power of 0.53(0.18) m W coupled into the multiple(single) mode fiber is obtained at the current of 35 m A, for the microsquare laser at the temperature of 288 K. Furthermore, a flat small-signal modulation response is reached with the 3-d B bandwidth of 16.2 GHz and the resonant peak of 3.6 d B at the bias current of 34 m A. The K-factor of 0.22 ns is obtained by fitting the damping factor versus the resonant frequency, which implies a maximum intrinsic 3-d B bandwidth of 40 GHz.

Demonstration of ultralow-threshold 2 micrometer microlasers on chip

We demonstrate ultralow-threshold thulium-doped, as well as thulium-holmium-codoped, microtoroid lasers on silicon chips, operating at the wavelength of around 2 ?m. High quality factor whispering gallery mode(WGM) microtoroid cavities with proper thulium and holmium concentrations are fabricated from the silica sol-gel films. The highly confined WGMs make the microcavity lasers operate with ultralow thresholds, approximately 2.8 ?W and 2.7 ?W for the thulium-doped and the thulium-holmium-codoped microlasers, respectively.

Correlation between the fragmentation modes and light charged particles emission in heavy ion collisions

The correlation between the shape of rapidity distribution of the yield of light charged particles and the fragmentation modes in semi-peripheral collisions for70Zn+70Zn,64Zn+64Zn and64Ni+64Ni at the beam energy of 35 Me V/nucleon is investigated based on Im QMD05 code. Our studies show there is an interplay between the binary, ternary and multi-fragmentation break-up modes.The binary and ternary break-up modes more prefer to emit light charged particles at middle rapidity and give larger values of Rmid yieldcompared with the multi-fragmentation break-up mode does. The reduced rapidity distribution for the normalized yields of p, d, t,3He,4He and6 He and the corresponding values of Rmid yieldcan be used to estimate the probability of multi-fragmentation break-up modes. By comparing to experimental data, our results illustrate that 40% of the collisions events belong to the multifragmentation break-up mode for the reactions we studied.

Photonic crystal cavities and integrated optical devices

This paper gives a brief introduction to our recent works on photonic crystal(Ph C) cavities and related integrated optical structures and devices. Theoretical background and numerical methods for simulation of Ph C cavities are first presented. Based on the theoretical basis, two relevant quantities, the cavity mode volume and the quality factor are discussed. Then the methods of fabrication and characterization of silicon Ph C slab cavities are introduced. Several types of Ph C cavities are presented, such as the usual L3 missing-hole cavity, the new concept waveguide-like parallel-hetero cavity, and the low-index nanobeam cavity. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of cavity are discussed. This will help the readers to decide which type of Ph C cavities to use in particular applications. Furthermore, several integrated optical devices based on Ph C cavities, such as optical filters, channel-drop filters, optical switches, and optical logic gates are described in both the working principle and operation characteristics. These devices designed and realized in our group demonstrate the wide range of applications of Ph C cavities and offer possible solutions to some integrated optical problems.

Mode characteristics of silver-coated inverted-wedge silica microdisks

The characteristics of whispering gallery modes(WGM) in silver-coated inverted-wedge silica microdisks are theoretically investigated by using finite element method. Dielectric TE mode always exists in silver-coated inverted-wedge resonators; dielectric TM mode tends to couple with SPP modes; only pure interior surface plasmonic polariton(SPP) mode but not pure exterior SPP mode is observed in contrast to the metal-coated cylindrical and toroidal resonators. The dependence of quality factor of different kinds of WGMs on the radius of the resonator and the thickness of the coated silver layer are systematically analyzed. We find that the quality factors of the hybrid WGMs associated with SPP mode can reach 104. The maximum light intensity enhancement in ambient for a hybrid mode consisting of a dielectric TM mode and an exterior SPP mode can be obtained when a silver film of thickness ~40 nm is deposited. The silver-coated inverted-wedge silica resonators may be widely applied in sensing and surface enhanced Raman scattering.

Fusion and quasi-fission dynamics in nearly-symmetric reactions

Some nearly-symmetric fusion reactions are systematically investigated with the improved quantum molecular dynamics(Im QMD)model. By introducing two-body inelastic scattering in the Fermi constraint procedure, the stability of an individual nucleus and the description of fusion cross sections at energies near the Coulomb barrier can be further improved. Simultaneously, the quasifission process in154Sm+160Gd is also investigated with the microscopic dynamics model for the first time. We find that at energies above the Bass barrier, the fusion probability is smaller than 10-5for this reaction, and the nuclear contact time is generally smaller than 1500 fm/c. From the central collisions of Sm+Gd, the neutron-rich fragments such as164,165 Gd,192W can be produced in the Im QMD simulations, which implies that the quasi-fission reaction could be an alternative way to synthesize new neutron-rich heavy nuclei.

Improvement of the chirality near avoided resonance crossing in optical microcavity

Chirality is one of the important phenomena at the vicinity of exceptional point(EP). The conventional understanding is that the chirality is determined by asymmetrical scattering efficiency(?), which reaches to zero only when the resonance approaches EP. Here we study the possibility to enhance the chirality in open systems with a more robust mechanism. By combining chirality with avoided resonance crossing, we show that the chirality and ? can be dramatically modified. Taking a spiral shaped annular cavity as an example, we show that the chirality of optical resonances can be significantly improved when two sets of chiral states approach each other. The imbalance between counterclockwise(CCW) components and clockwise(CW) components has been enhanced by more than an order of magnitude. Our research provides a new route to tailor and control the chirality in open systems.

Optical manipulation in optofluidic microbubble resonators

An optical manipulation system based on optofiuidic microbubble resonators （MBR） is proposed. As the high-Q whispering gallery modes （WGMs） are excited in an MBR, the buildup of the field intensity inside the resonator is large enough to trap nanoscale particles. The optical gradient forces generated by the WGMs with different radial orders are investigated numeri- cally. The negative effect of the resonance detuning induced by the particles is taken into account to investigate the optical gradient forces exerting on the particles. By the stability analysis, the WGMs with high radial orders show a better trapping stability under Brownian motion since most of the optical fields reside within the water core.