文献批判有悠久的传统,一般溯至兰克(Leopold von Ranke)史学。晚清民国初,其引入中国,伴随近现代人文学术的建立。胡适是先行者。文献批判有两端构成:Textual Criticism(亦即西人所谓Lower criticism),大抵可与我国传统校勘学、训诂学...文献批判有悠久的传统,一般溯至兰克(Leopold von Ranke)史学。晚清民国初,其引入中国,伴随近现代人文学术的建立。胡适是先行者。文献批判有两端构成:Textual Criticism(亦即西人所谓Lower criticism),大抵可与我国传统校勘学、训诂学相对接,事关文本之准确还原。展开更多
Purpose： The purpose of this review was to critically analyse the cun;ent evidence investigating the effect of an athlete＇s hydration status on physical performance. Methods： A literature search of multiple databas...Purpose： The purpose of this review was to critically analyse the cun;ent evidence investigating the effect of an athlete＇s hydration status on physical performance. Methods： A literature search of multiple databases was used to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review. The included studies were then critically appraised using the Downs and Black protocol. Results： Nine articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria, with an average score of 79% for methodological quality representative of a ＂high＂ standard of research. Conclusion： The evidence suggests that dehydration has a negative impact on physical performance for activities lasting more than 30 s in duration. However dehydration was found to have no significant impact on physical performance for activities lasting less than 15 s in duration.展开更多
文摘文献批判有悠久的传统,一般溯至兰克(Leopold von Ranke)史学。晚清民国初,其引入中国,伴随近现代人文学术的建立。胡适是先行者。文献批判有两端构成:Textual Criticism(亦即西人所谓Lower criticism),大抵可与我国传统校勘学、训诂学相对接,事关文本之准确还原。
文摘Purpose： The purpose of this review was to critically analyse the cun;ent evidence investigating the effect of an athlete＇s hydration status on physical performance. Methods： A literature search of multiple databases was used to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review. The included studies were then critically appraised using the Downs and Black protocol. Results： Nine articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria, with an average score of 79% for methodological quality representative of a ＂high＂ standard of research. Conclusion： The evidence suggests that dehydration has a negative impact on physical performance for activities lasting more than 30 s in duration. However dehydration was found to have no significant impact on physical performance for activities lasting less than 15 s in duration.
